2.主语+及物动词 +宾语 主谓宾： we like Tu Lei. / He moved to BJ. 主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语
3.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 主谓宾 宾补：I ask him to leave.
4.主语+双宾动词+间宾（人）+直宾（物） 主谓 间宾 直宾：He gives me a letter. 5.主语+系动词+表语 主系表： She is nice./She is a student. 6.There be 句型 There are 20 people in the hall.
并列句：
由and, or , but , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等连词连接两个并列句子 We are not only friends but also we are good sisters. We do not like her, but she likes us.
We went shopping and we bought a lot of toys last Sunday. 复合句：
定语从句（形容词性从句）/名词性从句/状语从句（副词性从句） 定语：形容词做定语，修饰名词或代词。
Eg: green leaf ; red flower; handsome boy; beautiful girl; big one; 定语从句：
一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语) Eg:The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter . Eg: Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.
引导定语从句的关系代词 6个：who/whom/that/whose/as/which 引导定语从句的关系副词 3个：when/where/why
判断关键：关系代词+不完整句子 关系代词在定语从句中做（主语/宾语/定语） 关系副词+完整句子 各个关系代词考点总结： That :
1. 熟悉什么情况下只能选择that
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. It is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
③ everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等不定代词作先行词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true.
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. ⑤ 主句已有who或which时
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. ⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. 2. 考点：
?在定于从句中，介词不能加that , 考试时，看到这些on/of/about/ for +that 直接排除。 ? that 不引导非限制性定语从句，考试时，看到题干中有逗号时，直接排除that 以及what
? 在定语从句中差表语，可用that Eg: he is not the person that used to be. 考点题：
1. Is this factory ____you visited last year? A. The one b. That c. Which d. where 2. Is this the factory ____you visited last year? A. The one b. That c. Who d. where Which 的用法总结：
1. 在非限制性定语从句中，看到题干有逗号，且定于从句是不完整的，选择which. 2. 介词+which 考点居多 in which=where on which=when for which= why
3. 当定语从句中先行词为表时间/地点/原因的词时，且定于从句是不完整的，这时关系词选择which/that 皆可。但注意一定不能选择when/where/why
Eg：Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his absence from the class A why B when C that D what 4. 当先行词表示人物身份，职位，头衔时，关系词选择which,不能选择 who. Eg: she is a actor, which is known to us. As 考点总结：
1. 固定搭配： the same +n.+as+定语从句； such + n. +as +定语从句 2. 一般位于句首的固定搭配： As is known to all,_______.
As is seen/reported,______.
Whose 的考点总结：选项中出现whose时，一定要慎重考虑是否满足一下条件：
题干中空格前后都有名词，且把空格去掉，空格的前后名词有所属关系时，选择whose。 Eg: i like the book whose color is yellow.
Way 做先行词时，关系词可以用that/in which/ \不用/\Eg: i do not like the way that/in which/ \\
三． 名词性从句： 名词从句连接词 从属连词 that 连接词是否作成分 不作成分且无实义 连接词是否省略 宾从中可以省略 不能省（是否） 不能省 对应的简单句类型 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 从属连词whether ; if 不作成分“是否” 连接副词when 作状语 /where/why/ how 连接代词：who 作主语/宾语/表语 不能省 whom what which who whom what whose 作定语：which +n. “哪个” whose +n. Eg: 主语从句 What you need is more practice. 宾语从句 We must find out who did all this.
表语从句 The question is whether it is worth doing.
同位语从句 The visitor expressed his hope that he would visit China again. 学习要领： 1.连接词(重点)
2.从句中的语序（陈述句语序） 3.时态一致（宾从） 注意：
考点一：that在名词性从句中考点，that加完整句子，不做任何成分。 句型一：It is/was +adj./n.+ that +完整从句(should do/be done)表虚拟 句型二： The reason for +n./n.短语+ is/was that … The reason why+完整句子+is/was that …
Eg: The reason for his absence was that he has left the city. 句型三： 以下红色字体必须记住
news/fact/hope/idea/doubt/evidence/information/message/word/problem/promise/wish/question/truth+that +完整从句
We were all overjoyed at the news______ the experiment turned out a success. A. which B. that C. when D. what
注意考点：同位语从句说明的名词有时会和后面的同位语从句分隔： An idea came to her ______she might do the experiment in another way. A. that B. what C. when D. which 句型四：强调句型：
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分.
注意：此句型不强调谓语；谓语动词由do/does/did +动词原形表强调。 历年来，考察强调的时间和地点居多，因此考生只需记住以下固定结构，也可选择正确答案。即看到in/on/at/about任何一个就选择that： It is/was +in/on/at/about+n.+that+完整句子. It was in library that I met Mary this morning.
句型五：think/find/ feel/consider/ make/ believe/regard/hate/take/owe/have/see to +it+ (adj./n.) +that宾语从句
Eg: I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 考点二：what的考法：
当what 前无名词，后面句子不完整时，选择what; 反之，是不能选择的，直接排除。 如：What surprises me is that they have finished all the work in one day. 总结：当选项中有what时，且空格位于句首，大多数情况都选择what. whether ⑴. Prep. +whether:
Eg: we can not find out ____(whether/if) he leaves. 考点三：whether用法总结：
1. 看到题干中有or not , 选项有whether,就选whether.
2. 选项中有whether 和if 时，若空格后有to do , 直接选择whether. Eg: whether to do :
I can not decide whether (whether/if) to stay.
考点四：若选项中出现it, 记住以下句型。 注意：红色单词必须记住，考点频率高。 think/find/feel/consider/make/believe/regard/ hate/take/owe/have/see to +it+ (adj./n.) +to do sth.
Eg: I think it necessary to take plenty of hot water every day.
因此，给考生总结出怎么判断不同的从句：
定语从句：n./pron.+从句（完整句子或不完整句子） 同位语从句：特定的n. +that 从句（完整句子） 主语从句: 从句+is/was/does 宾语从句：v./prep./adj.+从句 表语从句：be/feel/looks+从句 状语从句：主句+conj.+完整从句 完整从句+conj.+主句
关于状语从句，考生们必须记住引导九种状语从句的连词各自含义。 四． 主谓一致重点： 1. 就近原则
not only…but also…; not…but…; neither…nor…;
either…or…; 这个已考 or; perhaps;
Not only he but also I know the matter. Know Neither my brothers nor my father likes football.
One or two sandwiches are not enough for me. 2. and
n.+and+n.+复数谓语
xiao li and xiao hong are ss. (1) A=each/every/many a/ no
如果A修饰and 前后的两个单数名词或者A只修饰and前或后面的一个单数名词时，谓语单数。
Each minute and every second is valuable/cherish for us. Each minute and second is valuable/cherish for us. Minute and every second is valuable/cherish for us.
B=a/an/the 如果B修饰and 前后两个单数名词时，谓语复数。 如果B只修饰and 前面名词，不修饰后面的名词，谓语单数。 The manager and the board attend the meeting. The manager and board attends the meeting.
And前后的主语 表示单一概念或指同一个物体时，谓语单数 Bread and butter is my favor.
Early to bed and early to rise is a good habit. When and where +单数谓语
Peace and war+单数谓语 Fork and knife +单数谓语
3. many a / more than one +单数名词+单数谓语 \许多“ Many a boy likes TULEI.
More than one of +可数名词复数+复数谓语 quantities of +C./U.+复数谓语 4. 从句中的谓语动词：
定语从句：从句中谓语取决于先行词
主句+one of +复数名词（先行词）+关系词+定语从句（复数谓语）
主句+the/only/very/the only/the very+one of +复数名词（先行词）+关系词+定语从句(单数谓语)
Eg: she is one of the teachers who speak French well. she is the only one of the teachers who speaks French well. 注意：one of +复数名词做主语+单数谓语 One of the guards was sleeping.
5. 分数或百分数加名词作主语，谓语取决于分数或百分数后的名词 分数表达法：one/two-second/third/fourth/fifth One-second; two-fifths 20 percent of +复数名词
Two – fifths of the students leave.
Three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water. 40 percent of the students come here. 五． 反义疑问句 1. 含有must 用法
Must 作情态动词 must +do 必须 Must, mustn’t/ needn’t +主语？ Mustn’t, must+主语？
Eg: you must finish the task before 5 p.m., mustn”t you/ needn\? We mustn’t be late, must we? Must 表示推测时：
Must+do 对现在情况推测“一定是“， 反义部分用Must 后面的动词 Eg: he must be a teacher, isn’t he? He must arrive at GZ, doesn”t he?
Must 对过去肯定的推测， must have done “一定做过某事“ 如果句中有明确的过去时间，（yesterday/last week/month/year/night）, 反义部分用didn”t +主语？
Eg: it must have rained last night, didn”t it?
如果句中没有明确的过去时间词，反义部分用haven”t /hasn”t+主语？ it must have rained, hasn”t it? 2. 复合句
A.I/we +think/believe/suppose/imagine/guess/expect +that 从句，看从句不看主句？ I think he is a good man, isn”t he? I don”t think he is a good man, is he ?
B.you/he/she/+think/believe/suppose/imagine/guess/expect+that 宾语从句,反义部分看主句不看从句？
专升本英语语法知识归纳
