一 时态和语态：16种表现形式
一、一般现在时（do/does; am/is/are) 考点如下： 1. 时间状语：
2. 表示客观事实，永恒真理和规律。
必考点1：3.（主将从现）在时间和条件状语从句中，从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时表示一般将来时。
考法： If you pass the spoken English test, you will get a chance to go abroad.
解析： 考试一般都会给出时间/条件连词，且从句中的时态，让考生们选择主句中的时态。 注意1： 如果从句中的时态是do/does, 那么主句中是will do/ shall do/ be going to do/ be about to do/be to do. (be 动词为am/is/are; 这里will do 出现的考点频率最高） 注意2：如果从句中的时态是did, 那么主句中是would do/ shouldl do/ be going to do/ be about to do/be to do. (be 动词为was/were; 这里would/should do 出现的考点频率最高） 2. He _______as soon as he finishes his homework. A. goes to bed B. will goes to bed C. went to bed D. will go to bed
主将从现 例题： 用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. If he _______ (study) harder, he will catch up with us soon. 2. Frank _______ (see) a film if he’s free next Saturday. 3. We won’t go to the park if it ________ (rain)tomorrow.
注意3：主句中暗含一般将来时，从句中仍然用一般现在时（do/does) ： 1. the new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ______ a. will arrive b. arrives
c. is arriving d. is going to arrive
2. ---can I join your club, Dad?
---you can when you _____ a bit older.
a. get b. will get c. are getting d. will have get 3. remember to send me a photo of your son next time you _____ to me. a. write b. will write c. are writing d. would write 4. If Mr. Smith ________ back, please let me know. A. will come B. comes C. came D. had come
必考点2：4. the more..., the more...句型
完整句型：The +形容词/副词的比较级+（名词）+主语+谓语，the +形容词/副词的比较级+（名词）+主语+谓语.
Eg: The more books he reads, the happier he is. 12年真题：18题
____she said, _____she got.
A. The more the more excited B. More excited
C. Much the more excited D. The much excited 翻译练习题：
1. 他越忙就越高兴。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 2. 你越用功,进步就越大。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 二、一般过去时（did; was/were） 考点如下：
1. 时间状语：last week/year/month; yesterday; in 2003; before ago 2. 必考点：关于use 的短语 方法：根据主语定 sb. used to do \过去常常\（肯定表否定） sb. be/get/become used to doing sth. “某人习惯于做某事” sth. be used to do sth. sth. be uesd for doing sth.
sth. used to be done \某物被用来做。。。\
三、一般将来时（will do）考点如下：
1. 表现形式： will do /be going to do/be to do /be about to do...when...
2. 必考点：表位移的方向性瞬间动词用一般现在时或者是现在进行时表将来（一般用于列车时刻表的出发或者是离开）
必考点： leave ; come; go; start; arrive；begin;take off 11年真题 19题
His train _______at 9:00 tomorrow morning. I will see him off.
A. leaves B. is left C. will have left D. will be left
四、现在进行时 （am/is/are doing) 1. 常与 now 连用，表示现在正在做某事
2. 常与always, constantly, continually 连用，表达一种感情色彩 3. 必考点：表方向性的位移瞬间动词用现在进行时表将来 leave; come; go; start; arrive; move
五、现在完成时（have/has done） 考点如下： 1. 必考点：提示词
(1). since + 过去时间点 /句子（did），主句（have/has done) e.g. since 1995 (2). for + 一段时间 e.g. for 5 years
(3). lately、recently、so far=up to now=by now=till now、just、already、these days (4). in/over/during/for+ the past/last +few/具体数字+years/days/months 1. we _______ the Journey to the West since we were young. a. saw b. have see c. have seen d. have been seen 2. hurry up! the film ______ for ten minutes. a. had begun b. has begun c. began d. begins 用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. I_______ already _______(see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. ______ he _________(finish) his work today ? Not yet .
3. _____ you ___________(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I ______________(be) there twice .
4. He _______ just __________ (finish) his homework. 六：过去完成时(had done)与将来完成时(will have done) 必考点总结：
(1).过去完成时：by /by the end of + 过去时间（by last week/month/year） 将来完成时：by /by the end of+将来时间 （by next/this week/month/year) Eg: we had finished all the courses by the end of last term. We will have finished all the courses by the end of next term. (2).过去完成时： by the time/when +(did), 主句（had done）
将来完成时：by the time/when +(do/does),主句（will have done) Eg: when he came we had eaten all the food.
when he comes we will have eaten all the food. 七：固定句型（必考点） 4个
1. It/This/That + is +the +序数词/形容词的最高级+(n.)+ that+ 句子（have/has done） 2. It/This/That + was +the +序数词/形容词的最高级+(n.)+ that+ 句子（had done） 3. hardly/scarcely…when; no sooner…than 4.hope/expect/plan/promise/be sure/assure+ that +(一般将来时：will/shall do )
5.hoped/expected/planed/promised/be sured/assured…+that+(过去将来时：would/should do) 6.had+hoped/expected/thought/intended/meant/supposed/wanted 本希望/本期盼/本想/….（虚拟语气）+句子（did）
过去完成时： 例题赏析：
1. when we arrived at the cinema, the tickets______ .
a. sold out b. sells out c. had been sold out d. had sold out
2. When I reached home, my parents __________their supper. A.are having B.have already had C.have had D. had already had
(3)We _________the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished B.would finish
C. had finished D. had been finished
(4)Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, ______by the time I arrived. A.she had left B.she's left C. She was left D.she must leave 12年 21题
1. Hardly had he finished his speech______the audience started cheering. a. when b. than c. and d. as 10年 22题
Hardly______when a loud explosion was heard. a. the train had started b. had the train started c.the train strated d. did the train start 将来完成时：例题演练：
1. By the end of this year ,I ____enough money for a holiday. A .will have saved B .will be saving C .will saved D. have saved
2. “Are you going to Richard”s birthday party?\Yes.By then I ______my homework..”
A.had finished B .will have finished C .would have finished D. finished
3. I hope that they ____the road by the time we come back. A.will have repaired B. would have repaired
C.have repaired D. had repaired
4. By the time you arrive in London, we _______ in Europe for two weeks. A. shall stay B. will have stayed C . have stayed D. have been staying
5. The conference _____ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted
6. All the machines _____by the end of the following week. A. were repaired B. will be repaired C. have been repaired D will have been repaired 09年 23题
Professor Liu ________here for over thirty years when he retires. a. will teach b. will have been taught c. will be teaching d. will have taught
10年 19题
By the time you arrive in London, the Smiths______ in Europe for three weeks. a. have stayed b. have been staying c. shall stay d. will have stayed 12年 19题
They _____ from the university by the end of this month. a. are graduating b. would graduate c. have graduated d. will have graduated
将来完成时&将来完成进行时：
1. I _________ here in this factory for twenty years by the end of this year. a. shall have been working b. shall worked
c. worked d. am working
2.we ________ for ten hours when they come back. a. will work b. will have worked
c. will have been working d. Work
注意：当现在完成时和现在完成时同时出现在选项中，优选现在完成进行时（have/has been doing)
1. I _________ here in this factory for twenty years by the end of this year. a. shall have been working b. shall worked
c. worked d. am working
2.we ________ for ten hours when they come back. a. will work b. will have worked
c. will have been working d. work 语态真题：
20. Your computer needs ________. a. repair b. repairing c. to repair d. being repaired
注意：同样考点的词：need/want/worth/require/request/deserve+doing sth. 表示被动语态
二 定语从句：
句子成分：主谓是基础，宾表可有可无，定状补是辅助. 句子分类： 简单句，并列句，复合句 简单句：
1.主语+不及物动词 主谓： He moved.
专升本英语语法知识归纳
