2017高考英语语法填空专项训练

Section 15 语法填空

高考英语语法填空有提示词解题技巧

1．括号内提供的是动词

首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后根据以下两点进行思考。

①若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和 语态。如：

Actually I believed I would work for a few years ，get ________(marry)，stay home and raise a family，so I didn ’t think the job I took mattered that much. 这个小题主要考查单句层次上的语法结构。该题的关键是判断宾语从句中有 I believed I would work for a few years... I would get

________(marry)．..

4 个谓语动词，在从句中作并列谓语。

I would stay home... I would raise a family... 答案 married

很清楚， get married在句子中与 I would 构成“主系表”结构。 get married强调一种已婚的状态，相当于 be married。如果没有 get在前面，只能填入 marry 作谓语。显然语言的形式要结合上下文语境综合考虑，才能符合交际的需要。

②若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词；若是非谓语动词就要确定是 确定的方法主要有：

作主语或宾语，通常用 v.－ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。如： ...but it is not enough only ________(memorize)rules from a grammar book.

答案 memorizing

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v.－ing 形式，－ed 形式，还是不定式。

分析这个句子的成分可知，应该是 memorizing...作真正的主语，前面的 it 是形式主语。

作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词 (v.－ing)；若是被动关系，用过去分词 (done)。如：

答案 Seen

________(see)from the top of the towe，r the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 可判断句中已有谓语了，表明句子不缺谓语，可知所给提示词 骤来分析决定用哪一种非谓语形式了：第一，“

“see在”句中应该是不作谓语的动词形式，即非谓语动词形式；此时就可以利用三个步

see”的逻辑主语就是句子的主语 “thesouth foot of the mountain”；第二， “thesouth foot of the

“Seen。”

mountain 和”“see之”间是被动关系；第三，动词的过去分词表示被动关系，因此应填 It rained heavily in the south，________(cause) serious flooding in several provinces. 答案 causing

从句中 “rained可”判定句子已有谓语了，说明所给提示词 分词表示主动关系，因此应填 “causing，”作结果状语。 2．括号内提供的是形容词或副词

“cause在”句中作非谓语， “cause与”逻辑主语之间是主动关系，即“大雨导致洪涝”；现在

如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。如： ________(actual)I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didn 答案 More actually

该空需要填入副词 actually 在句子中作状语。有的考生填入 more actually，虽然词性是对的，但是这里没有上下文比较的关系，逻辑语义不同，考生 不能将语言的语法规则和语用功能有效地结合。

再如：“ Thirty－five cents，” she said ________(rude．)

答案 rudely 此处考查副词作状语的用法。括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词 但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。如：

At last，her courage and ________(wise)impressed both the CEO and Princeton University. 答案 wisdom 括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词

courage是并列成分，一起充当主语，所以要使用名词形式

wisdom。

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’thtink the job I took mattered that much.

said，所以要使用副词形式。

另外，通常有表示范围的 in/of 介词短语或形容词前有 the 时，一般要用最高级； than的前面一定要用比较级。如：

One of the ________(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher...

因为这里是 one of the＋名词复数的形式，表示 ,, 其中之一，因此范围是三者或三者以上，因此形容词需要用最高级的形式 3．括号内提供的是名词

①括号内提供的如果是名词，尤其是单数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词

(a，an，the)、物主代词 (my，your，his 等)、指示代词 (this，that

worst。

等)、不定代词 (few，little ，many，much，all，each，every，both，neither，other 等)、名词所有格或形容词等对名词进行修饰。

②相反，如果给出的名词是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或形容词之后，则应考虑填名词。但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否 变复数，是否用所有格形式等。如： One of my father

’s favorite ________(say)as I was growing u“p Twryasit ！” 答案 sayings

one of＋名词的复数形式”在句子中作主语，谓语动词用单数。

这道题主要考查考生在特定语境中正确使用名词复数的能力。考查考生是否知道“

本句中 as引导时间状语从句，表达的功能是“时空”概念。该从句没有直接放在主句之后，而是进行了插入，放在了主句的主语之后，进行强调。 完整的主句是： One of my father ’s favorite ________(say)was 子中作主语。

say要做两次转换：首先要转换成为名词；再将名词转为相应的复数形式。 做到了词形正确，同时还要保持单词的正确。所以正确答案是 ③当括号内提供的是名词时，还可能考查形容词。如：

There，my voice sounds really ________(wonder) because there 答案 wonderful 括号内提供的是名词，但此空作系动词 有时也可能考查副词、动词等。如：

A certain man planted a rose and watered it ________(faith)and before it blossome，dhe examined it. 答案 faithfully

括号内提供的是名词，但此空在句中作状语，修饰动词

watered，所以要变成副词。注意：先将名词 faith 变成形容词 faithful ，然后

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．“从T该ry句it的主”系表结构中可以看出， one of my father ’s favorite ________在(s句ay)

say的名词是 saying，其复数形式是 sayings。考生如果写对了 saying只是

sayings。

’s a slight echo to it.

sounds的表语，所以要使用形容词形式。

再变成副词 faithfully 。

A

(2016 ·全国 Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia ’sbiggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are i ts top__1__(attract)．

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the n－ot for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I__2__(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 00－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.Thetitle will be__3__(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back__4__my days on a TV show in the m i－d 1980s，__5__I was the first Western TV reporter__6__(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include__7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I held a lively three －month－old twin that had been rejected by__8__(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few__9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，__10__other is with mum—she never suspects.

B

(2016 ·全国 Ⅱ) If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of __1__(great)and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’lfleel a real sense of __2__ (achieve)．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __3__ (be) often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused __4__our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive __5__ possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent __6__(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks__7__(regula．r) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for__8__while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.

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If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you ’ll be less likely __9__ (bring) your work home.It could be anything —gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，__10__ (make) sure it

’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

C

(2016 ·全国 Ⅲ) In much of Asia，especially the so－called “ricebowl”cultures of China，Japan，Korea，__1__Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long ，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic ，animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might__2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__(create)special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time ， __5__the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which__6__(gradual)turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius ，__7__lived from roughly 551 to 479 B ． C. ，influenced the__8__(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__(be)too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In Indi，a for example，most people traditionally eat __10__their hands.

D

(2016 ·四川高考)The giant panda__1__(love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists __2__(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very __3__(care)mother.For 25 da，ysshe never left her baby，not even to find something __4__(eat！) She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural __5__(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.__6__it crie，d she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.The mother continued to care for the young panda __7__more than two years.By that time，the panda no longer needed __8__(it)mother for food.However，it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.The，n after two and a half years，the mother __9__(drive)the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new bab，y

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