2020北京各区高三一模汇编--阅读理解D篇 - 图文

43. The author talks about her experience to show that _______. A. people respect outstanding leaders B. people tend to like optimistic workmates C. a workmate’s working ability is important D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier

44. Some people think that similar people working together may _______ A. offend each other B. create fewer new ideas C. talk more and work less D. be likely to stick together

45. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could _________. A. set more coffee machines in the work place B. organize team-building activities outside the office C. encourage a diversity of opinions in workplace D. employ staff who have a lot in common 11、（2020北京石景山一模）

D

What do we mean by responsibility? To put it simply, it is a duty to consider the consequences of our actions. In other words, we have a duty to control our behaviour.

When we are children, we have few responsibilities. Our parents look after us and we generally don’t have to worry about food or shelter. As we grow up, we gradually need to be responsible for more and more things. We learn how to run our own baths, make our own decisions, and realize that we have moral duties. As adults, we are responsible for all aspects of our lives. If there are any problems, we have to handle them ourselves.

We also have responsibilities that go beyond ourselves. Parents have the responsibility to look after their children, ensuring that they have a stable upbringing. Beyond the family, people have a responsibility towards the community as a whole. It is in fact up to us as a society to make this world a safe and pleasant place for everyone.

When we fail in our responsibilities, the consequences are most serious. Teenagers who abandon their studies might ruin their own lives. It is even more horrible to hear about parents who, by not caring for their own children properly, are putting them in danger. Likewise, by not following the traffic rules, careless drivers kill more than a

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million people around the world every year. Certain professions in our society, such as police officers, exist to protect the public, and the people who do these jobs often risk their own lives in order to do their duty. However, their efforts depend on the support of ordinary people. If we ignore our own responsibilities, society will become dangerous. On a global level, our entire human civilization may be heading towards disaster unless we work together to save our environment.

Furthermore, whether we are shouldering heavy responsibilities, like doctors or lots, or simply taking

responsibility for our own learning as students, we will always be judged on how well we perform our duties. For this reason, the hardest part of acting responsibly is admitting that we failed or that we made a mistake. Let’s say you visit your friend’s house and accidentally damage an expensive teapot while your friend is in another room. The honest thing to do is of course to admit your fault and apologize. Because this requires courage, some people take another route: they pretend that nothing happened. Perhaps a broken teapot might not be such a big deal, but in any given situation, we can choose to act responsibly, and it is somewhat through this choice that we decide what our lives are going to be like.

To summarize, responsibilities are an essential part of life since our actions have consequences. Responsibilities aren’t fun, but we can make the burden lighter by sharing them. If everyone considered how their actions would affect themselves and other people, the world would be a better place. 42. The passage tells us that . A. children have no responsibilities

B. adults often risk their own lives in order to do their duty C. our responsible actions would make the world a better place

D. responsibilities aren’t fun unless we can make the burden lighter by sharing them 43. According to the author, the hardest part of taking responsibility is . A. to control our behaviour

B. to handle problems ourselves D. to admit our fault and apologize

C. to affect ourselves and other people

44. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Consequence of Responsibility C. Essential Part of Responsibility

B. Significance of Responsibility D. Development of Responsibility

45. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

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I: Introduction

P: Point

Sp: Sub-point (次要点)

C: Conclusion

12、（2020北京顺义一模）

D

Do You Have Enough Time?

Experiences are more likely than material goods to deliver happiness. But the fear of choosing to pursue the wrong experience, and therefore wasting valuable time, is something many of us feel deeply.

There's something funny to this—we have more free time now, but for a number of reasons, it doesn't feel that way. In his book Spending Time, Daniel Hamermesh explains that while our lifetimes have gotten a bit longer—13% since 1960—our spending power has increased by 198%. “It makes it difficult to stuff all the things that we want and can now afford into our limited available time to purchase and to enjoy them over our lifetimes,\

Next, there's our cell-phone addiction. American adults spend around 3. 5 hours on their devices each day, trying to keep up with the emails, social media updates and 24/7 news. And much of our time is u contaminated time”一when we?re doing one thing but thinking about something else. It makes us think we're being productive, but really it just makes us feel more worn out.

Add to this the ever expanding options in today's experience economy. Think of all the pop-ups, plays, workshops and escape rooms you could go to tonight. No wonder many of us suffer from what psychologists call \No wonder we're seeing books about attaining more of our time and letting go of cell phones, like Jenny Odell’s How to Do Nothing.

There've been calls to control the attention economy, but the factors that make us feel time-poor aren't going away anytime soon. Tech companies, for instance, may have built apps to tell you how much time you spend on your device,

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but their business models rely on your continued use.

As for me, I have characterized experiences as \g too much time indoors on Facebook or TV, alone. Superfood? Getting offline and outside and doing things for or with others and staying active.

These experiences require that we actually take time off—not easy in a culture attaching so much importance to productivity. But researchers say sometimes it's about changing our thoughts of leisure activities. Harvard's Anat Keinan has found a helpful way: we're more likely to go camping if we acknowledge it will be good for our productivity at work. Similarly, we often choose ucollectable experiences\that give us a story to tell, as we like to feel we're accomplishing something. Keinan has also argued that while we often feel good about ourselves by choosing work over leisure, in the long term we're likely to regret this, feeling we've missed out on “the pleasures of life\

Time is our least renewable resource. It's good for us to consider if we're using it wisely. 42. Which of the following statements can best explain “ contaminated time\

A. Checking emails frequently. B. Scanning Twitter while watching TV. C. Looking up new words in the homework. D. Keeping up with the social-media updates.

43. Which of the following is NOT a factor that makes us feel time-poor?

A. B. C. D.

Our lifetimes have become longer than decades ago. We're too addicted to our mobile phones. Our spending power has sharply increased.

There are an increasing number of things for us to experience.

.

44.The underlined word \A. uselessness B. value G. management D. shortage

45.According to the passage, we should . A. cut down the eating of rubbish food and enjoy superfood more B. experience something relaxing if it adds to our work performance C. make wise use of time by choosing work over leisure activities

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D. use a time-management app to know how we spend our time

13、（2020北京西城一模）

D

The Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels and—most importantly—tastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an “informational” campaign targeting plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too processed, but that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger.

While it’s true that a plant-based meat alternative is processed and it’s true that eating one is not as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, it’s best to take the ads with a generous pinch of salt. For instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. Who wants something called titanium dioxide (二氧化钛) in their meal? But the truth is that additives such as those listed in the ads are regularly used in all sorts of packaged foods. And if methylcellulose, a food thickener, sounds unpleasant, it’s really nothing compared with salmonella (沙门菌) poisoning you can get from regular meat.

Also, the ad campaign misses the bigger point. Choosing an Impossible or Beyond burger

isn’t just about eating healthy. Burgers, whether they are made from processed pea protein or processed meat, will never be as healthy as organic raw vegetables.

What’s appealing is the prospect of enjoying a juicy burger without the bitter aftertaste of guilt.

Let’s face it, there are huge environmental costs to eating cows. Cattle raising is contributing to climate change, and not just because methane ( 甲 烷 ) from cows and cattle is responsible for about 14.5% of greenhouse gas. More broadly, our global food production system releases more than a third of the world’s greenhouse gases. Yet we can’t seem to control our meat appetite even knowing that large areas of the Amazon forest have been ruined, and continue to be cut down to make room for more cattle to feed the growing demand for beef. Humans also know full well that many animals live short, cruel lives in awful conditions for the purpose of becoming foods for humans to enjoy at dinner.

A plant-based meat that satisfies meat desires and delivers protein but with a smaller climate footprint is a potential environmental game changer and the reason Impossible Foods was one of those receiving the U.N. Global Climate Action Award in 2019. No wonder the meat industry is on guard. 42、What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A. These ads deserve little consideration. B. We should spread the message of these ads.

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