been found to improve critical thinking, enhance people’s attention to task solving, and make it easier to gain valuable information.
None of those benefits might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll take it anyway. 42. What did the author realize when he re-entered the company?
A. Building interpersonal relationships was important.
B. Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected. C. Developing positive interpersonal relationships helped him find his place. D. Working in companies requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment. 43. Which one belongs to indifferent relationships at work according to the passage？
A. Being in conflict with workmates in the office. B. Spending less time chatting and socializing in the office. C. Having deep and meaningful conversations with colleagues. D. Being the best mates with the people sitting next to you in the office. 44. What can be one of the benefits of the indifferent relationships?
A. They provide fun at work. B. They improve work efficiency. C. They help control emotions at work. D. They help solve problems during work time.
45. What’s the author’s attitude towards indifferent relationships?
A. Cautious.
B. Doubtful.
C. Approving.
D. Indifferent.
8、（2024北京密云一模）
D
The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I.Q.，a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it's purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you'd take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn't have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday.
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This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She'd be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.
Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused.By practising in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback. viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems——how do I get characters into a room——dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It's the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine; the latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we're \do. And it's true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.
42. The passage mainly deals with .
A. the decisive factor in making a genius B. the relationship between genius and success C. the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction 43 .By reading novels and writers' stories, the girl could .
A. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes D. come to understand the inner structure of writing 44. In the girl's long painstaking training process, .
A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success B. she comes to realize she is \C. she acquires the magic of some great achievement
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D. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance 45. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one's success.
B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing. C .What really-matters is what you do rather than who you are.
D. As to the growth of a genius. I.Q. doesn't matter. but just his/her effort. 9、（2024北京平谷一模）
D
AI can identify rare genetic disorders
People with genetic syndromes(基因遗传综合症) sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky when there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural( 神经的) network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities.
Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the gestalt(形态) — or overall impression of faces and return a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.
They trained the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labeled to correspond to more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photographs of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.
Gurovich and his team also tested the AI’s ability to distinguish between different genetic mutations (突变) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used images of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in one of five genes. DeepGestalt accurately identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time.
“It’s clearly not perfect,” says Gurovich. “But it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.” As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.
The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions of privacy. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people with a high probability of having certain disorders.
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However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available to doctors. Christoffer Nellaker at the University of Oxford says this technique could bring significant benefits for those with genetic syndromes.
“This is not fundamentally different information than we’re sharing walking down the street, or we’re happy to share with Facebook or Google,” he says. “But questioning the data in this way means you can obtain information about health or disease status.”
“The real value here is that for some of these extreme rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers,” he says.
For some diseases, this kind of technology will cut down the time to diagnose thoroughly. For others, it could perhaps add a means of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures. 42. What is the purpose of Gurovich’s neural network?
A. To test the AI’s ability. B. To analyze photographs of faces.
C. To help doctors reduce the range of the diagnosis. D. To research the overall impression of patients’ faces. 43. What disadvantage does Deep Gestalt bring?
A. It will probably involve in the people’s privacy. B. It cannot provide information about health or disease. C. The diagnosis based on a simple photograph is not accurate. D. It could perhaps add a means of finding other people with the disease. 44. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The result of the assessments for this system is perfect. B. Deep Gestalt can correctly label 200 genetic syndromes. C. It seems doubtful to use AI to distinguish genetic mutations. D. This kind of technology can speed up the diagnostic process. 45. What is the author’s attitude to this technique?
A. Supportive. C. Doubtful.
B. Puzzled. D. Negative.
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10、（2024北京人大附一模）
D
Camaraderie over Competence
The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurt other people? We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them.
What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all.
The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it?
By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.
Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill.
42. According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose? A. Nice but unintelligent. B. Creative but unattractive. C. Competent but unfriendly. D. Humorous but unambitious.
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2024北京各区高三一模汇编--阅读理解D篇 - 图文
