2020北京各区高三一模英语分类汇编—阅读理解D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 1、（2020北京朝阳一模）
D Fact or Fiction?
Non-fiction can be broken down into many categories. One category is literary non-fiction, which is still based in fact but employs some of the storytelling elements that fiction uses. Literary non-fiction includes a type of autobiography(自传) called memoir. Memoir most often focuses on a certain period of the author’s life. It is, by definition, rooted in truth. Still, people sometimes question whether memoir should be categorized as non-fiction at all.
As non-fiction, memoir is intended to be factual. Is this really the case, though, considering memoir relies on human memory? One classic study, led by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, showed how easily an interviewer’s choice of wording can influence an eyewitness’s account of a traffic accident. It is therefore reasonable to wonder whether memoir should continue to be branded as non-fiction.
Certainly, human memory can be unreliable. However, a memoir author is undoubtedly writing about significant and impactful life events. Memories of such events are actually more
reliable than others. Studies show that the more influential an event is, the more accurately people recall the details. As an emotionally charged event unfolds, the brain activity changes in a way that amplifies small details. This activity helps build a more precise and accurate memory.
Of course the brain is not a camera that can “save” any memory with perfect accuracy. But if memoir is questionable due to the imperfections of the human mind, then critics will have to tackle non-fiction more broadly. All writers are using their memories when they create, and moreover, they are relying on the memories of others. Journalists conduct interviews to tell a news story and history writers depend on the accuracy of accounts from long ago. Yet they all rightfully fall under the umbrella of non-fiction.
Some people may doubt memoir not because they mistrust human memory, but because they mistrust the author’s morality. Critics may suspect an author of making up events. However, there is no reason to be suspicious of memoir author’s intentions. Writing a factual memoir that appeals to readers has the potential to be profitable for the author, and there is no motivation for a memoir writer to knowingly change or beautify the truth.
Looking beyond the author’s own life events, memoir can inform readers about the world in the same way that other non-fiction can. Memoir has a way of relaying facts about anything from an occupation to brief fashion trends, all of it meaningful to the author.
42. The author introduces the topic in Paragraph 1 by _.
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A. illustrating why it is important to talk about memoir B. listing some interesting facts and features of memoir C. defining key terms that are discussed later in the passage D. making a comparison between autobiography and memoir
43. What does the underlined word “amplifies” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Collects. B. Ignores.
C. Enlarges.
D. Absorbs.
44. We can learn from the passage that _.
A. critics argue that a news story by a journalist is fiction
B. a memoir author’s memory can be influenced by the interviewees C. memoir can’t show readers facts about what an author experienced D. emotional moments can cause the creation of more detailed memories 45. According to the passage, the author believes . A. the most profitable memoirs are those shown to be the most factual B. many authors are untrustworthy, although many memoirs are fact-based C. memoir is rightfully categorized under the umbrella of literary non-fiction D. memory is too unreliable for memoir to be considered a type of non-fiction 2、（2020北京东城一模）
D
Picture this: It’s 2003 and your family has just finished arguing over which Netflix movies to rent that week. Movies come in the mail and the family watch them throughout the week before sending them back and ordering new ones. Then, fast forward to 2008, and you have started to watch TV shows on Netflix’s new platform.
Now, let’s come to the present. You sit down and open up Netflix on your TV and scroll for a while. Then you flip over to Hulu to see if they have anything more interesting to offer. Then you check HBO GO. Finally, you check Disney+. Then you realize that you’re paying for four different streaming services, maybe more.
Let’s return to Netflix. More generally, streaming. There are over 100 video streaming services available, as well as quite a few music streaming, including Apple Music, YouTube Music, Google Play, and etc. The streaming world, at least to some, is on its way to getting out of control, with each service requiring its own monthly subscription. And that is just entertainment subscriptions. We haven’t even taken into account subscriptions like Microsoft Office, magazine subscriptions, and email newsletters. Subscriptions started out as a service of convenience, but now, the
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oversaturation may have become burdensome. The services believe customers will pay more to get the content they want. However, statistics show a growing frustration（失望） among consumers. With so many options, they find it harder than ever to make a decision on what to pick.
Not only does the oversaturation of streaming result in confusing navigation, it also creates a financial burden for the consumers. Let’s say if you want to watch Stranger Things , The Handmaid’s Tale , and Game of Thrones , which belong to three different services, you would have to pay nearly $50 a month to access all three of those services, meaning it’s not cheaper, and potentially more expensive, than cable.
People cut their cords and went the streaming route because it was simpler and cheaper. Now, it’s just as inconvenient and difficult as cable was, if not more so, and unless you’re limiting yourself to one service, it’s not cheaper. Streaming will survive because we’re in a Golden Age of Media and because each service is able to create high-quality originals. But Golden Ages don’t last, and bubbles tend to burst. Until the inevitable（不可避免的） day when some product or service proves streaming out of date, we must suffer the choices in front of us. The next time you are scrolling through Netflix, Hulu, or whatever, and the overchoice is killing you, maybe you should just go pick up a book instead.
42. What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs?
A. Social progress has promoted the quality of life in the past decade. B. Changes in home entertainment have brought us more options. C. Technology innovation results in different ways of relaxation. D. Netflix has been developing its service patterns.
43. What does the underlined word “oversaturation” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A. The large number of subscriptions. B. The frustration caused by poor service. C. The rapidly developing entertainment market. D. The confusing navigation resulting from streaming. 44. According to the passage, streaming services may____.
A. enhance user satisfaction B. increase energy consumption C. raise entertainment costs D. realize the resource sharing
45. The author would probably agree that ___.
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A. the streaming service will have a bright future B. reading has an advantage over streaming service C. there will be some better service to replace streaming D. nothing can end streaming services as long as media exists 3、（2020北京房山一模）
D
Say goodbye to standing in long lines holding boarding passes and other travel documents. Step this way, instead. Look into the camera lens and off you go.
Sound convenient? Technology companies working with travel providers and the federal government to install facial recognition systems at airports hope you think so.
But privacy advocators don’t want you to become too comfortable. They worry that what we’re willing to accept for convenience today will soften our resistance to the idea of filling public spaces with cameras that can identify us and track our every move.
Facial recognition technology came suddenly into modern reality with very few people prepared for it. Facial recognition is a biometric technology that uses distinguishable facial features to identify a person. In many cases, we see it being used by governments and law enforcement agencies—testing its accuracy and value for future purposes.
Today, it’s used in a variety of ways from allowing you to unlock your phone, go through security at the airport, purchase products at stores. It checks the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and let people pay for things with a smile. Airports are increasingly adding facial recognition technology to security checkpoints. It’s even said that past footage of unsolved mysteries would benefit greatly from this technology as it would help identify the criminals of crimes long forgotten.
However, there has been a serious clash between the government and citizens in general over the technology’s use cases. At an airport, travelers are requested to present their passports,题
from which the software will
determine whether the person standing in front of the camera matches the identity. If it matches, then they can get through quickly. However, the surveillance system searches a large database for the face presented to the camera. Editing such a big database, many worry, will inevitably lead to privacy concerns down the road. The biggest drawback for facial recognition technology in most people’s opinions is the threat to an individual’s privacy.
Some say that it’s the most powerful tool as they fear for their privacy being invaded almost on a daily basis, while the government tries to push it as something necessary for better civil control and crime prevention. Overall, talks usually boil down to whether facial recognition technology should be banned or if it should be regulated.
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According to IBM, the banning of facial recognition technology would be a step backward for human scientific advancement. However, restricting it within light regulations could yield just as many gains as it would in a “free market”.
There are many useful applications of facial recognition technology—both at the consumer level as a matter of security and convenience, and for governments and law enforcement agencies. The challenge is finding the balance between those benefits and the expectation of privacy. Banning facial recognition is not the answer. Regulating it, however, may be necessary to put an acceptable framework of rules around its use. 42. With the help of facial recognition, we can .
A. purchase products at home B. figure out unsolved mysteries C. reduce the number of criminals D. pass the security at the airport faster
43.What does the underlined word “clash” in paragraph 6 probably mean?
A. Conflict. B. Crisis.
C. Challenge. D. Consequence.
.
44.Facing the use of this technology, citizens
A. have no idea of its benefit B. have already got well-prepared C. worry their information is misused D. refuse to accept the convenience
45.Which point of view may the author agree to?
A. Banning facial recognition. B. Debating with the government. C. Maintaining the current situation. D. Regulating facial recognition with rules. 4、（2020北京丰台一模）
D
If you think about it, work-life balance is a strange ambition for a fulfilling life. Balance is about stasis: if our lives were ever in balance—parents happy, kids taken care of, work working—then our overriding thought would be
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2020北京各区高三一模汇编--阅读理解D篇 - 图文
