中考专题复习之阅读理解
【课前测】
阅读理解做题技巧：事实细节题
新课程标准有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细节判断。这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特别重视做好这类题。
【常见的问句形式】
1）True or NOT true 是非判断类型：
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true?
2）特殊疑问词提问类型How many ……？What/who/when/where/how/why ……? 3）We can know from the passage that...? What can we know about ...? 【解题方法】
1. 跳读法:这个方法的要点在于先看题干，然后带着问题读文章。以what, who, where, when, why, how 提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案
The first subway line for Stockholm was opened in 1950. The Stockholm Subway is well–known for its decoration of the stations. It is called the longest art gallery in the world. Over 90 percent of its stations are decorated with paintings.
（ ）Which subway is called the longest art gallery in the world? A. The Beijing Subway B. The Stockholm Subway C. The London Underground D. The New York City Subway. 【解析】_______。看到题目，知道重点应快速搜寻the longest art gallery.
2. 排除法:面对拿不定的选项，在理解文章的基础上，比较题干与文章异同，排除错误选项。
(2014年中考)Donna Ashlock, a 14-year-old girl from California, was very sick. She had a bad heart. “Donna needs a new heart,” her doctor said, “she must have a new heart, or she will die soon.”
Felipe Carza, 15, was worried about Donna. Felipe was Donna’ s friend. He liked Donna very much. He liked her freckles, and he liked her smile. Felipe didn’t want Donna to die.
Felipe talked to his mother about Donna. “I am going to die,” Felipe told his mother, “and I am going to give my heat to Donna.”
But Felipe was not healthy. He had terrible headaches sometimes. “my head hurts,” he often told his friends. Felipe never told his parents about his headaches.
（ ）62. We learn from the passage that . A. Felipe promised Donna to give her his heart B. Donna needed a new heart instead of her own
C. the doctors asked Felipe’s parents to donate his heart D. Felipe never told anyone about his terrible headaches
【解析】：_______。根据文章第一段可以得出正确答案，其他三项在文中都不正确。
【注意】：1.命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。 2.是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断，可以运用排除法做题，遇到长句难句不要怕，找出主干部分，正确理解意义，切忌不可收到思维定式的影响。 3.例证题一定要注意以for example ……, such as ……等关键入手处，找出细节出处。特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有most （最高级）、the only（唯一）、all（所有）、none（全否）修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。
【突破训练】
（突破训练3）A large group of people were waiting in line to hand over their donations.Near the door of the town hall, a beautiful young girl was standing there.She was dressing in poor clothes, but looked very clean and neat.She watched the people before her with shy glances. She saw a businessman, who laid a bag of gold on the table.Then a rich lady with proud looks came. She offered a lots of jewels. Some others handed money, clothes and foodstuff, The girl was too shy to take out her thing,but at last,after making a great effort, she stepped forward. ( )2.We can know from Paragraph 2 that_______. A. many people in the town were very generous
B. the girl watched people around because she was bored C. the story happened in a town in India
D. many kinds of things were handed out to the hungry people that day
（突破训练6）I received it during the first June when I became a widow. Besides all the sadness of being a single mother I still had to do much physical work.Those had always been my husband’s jobs. I was worried every time I hit my finger with a hammer or couldn’t get the lawnmower (割草机) started. How could I be both a father and mother to my two teenage daughters.Clearly, I lacked the tools and skills. ( )2.After her husband’ s death, the author found the hardest thing was to______. A. deal with the emotional shock
B. face the family’ s problem of short of money C. get along with her daughters
D. perform a father’ s role in the family
中考专题复习之阅读理解(事实细节)学生讲义
