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齿轮的材料、寿命系数和极限应力
院（系）名称 专学学
机械工程学院 机械制造 李岩 SY1307202
业生生
名姓学
称 名 号
2013年11月
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齿轮的材料、寿命系数和极限应力
摘要
齿轮是机械传动中应用最广泛的零件之一, 它在工作中的受力情况比较复杂。在齿轮的制造过程中, 合理选择材料与热处理工艺, 是提高承载能力和延长使用寿命的必要保证。在满足工作要求的前提下合理选择齿轮的寿命系数，这对实际工作有着十分重要的意义。本文就常用齿轮材料的选择及热处理工艺，不同标准下寿命系数的计算方法进行了分析。
关键词： 齿轮材料，热处理，疲劳极限，寿命系数
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The material, life factor and ultimate stress of gear
Abstract
The gear is one of the most widely used parts in mechanical transmission, and the state of forces it suffers in the work is more complicated. In the manufacturing process of gears, the rational choice of material and heat treatment process is a necessary guarantee to improve the bearing capacity and extend the life. Choosing the rational life factor is very important. In this paper, material selection and heat treatment process of gears, as well as different calculation methods of standards commonly used in life factor are analyzed.
Key words: material of gears，heat treatment，fatigue limit，life factor
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目录
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 齿轮的材料和热处理 ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 齿轮的寿命系数 ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.3 齿轮的疲劳极限 ................................................................................................................................................................ 2
2 齿轮的材料和热处理 .............................................................................................................. 4
2.1 锻钢 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.1 高承载能力的重要齿轮 ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 中等承载能力的齿轮 ......................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.3 较低承载能力的齿轮 ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 铸钢 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 铸铁 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 有色金属 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.5 非金属材料 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3 齿轮的疲劳曲线和寿命系数 ................................................................................................. 9
3.1 疲劳曲线和寿命系数的一般表达式 .............................................................................................................................. 9 3.2 疲劳曲线的其它表达式 ................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.3 接触疲劳曲线中的特征数（p和N∞ ） ................................................................................................................... 12 3.4 接触强度寿命系数值的比较 ......................................................................................................................................... 15 3.5 弯曲疲劳曲线中的两个特征数（p和N?） ........................................................................................................... 16
4 齿轮的疲劳极限 ................................................................................................................... 18
4.1 比较接触疲劳极限的前提条件 ..................................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 接触疲劳极限值的分析比较 ......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.3 比较弯曲疲劳极限值的前提条件 ................................................................................................................................. 27 4.4 弯曲疲劳极限值的分析比较 ......................................................................................................................................... 30
结论 ............................................................................................................................................... 36
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参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................... 37
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齿轮的材料、寿命系数和极限应力
