写作替换词必备

1 2 3 4 5 学生常用表达 thingsthatonetrieshardtodo Thefactisthat… joy sadness danger 6 education 7 advertisement/advertising 8 car 9 economiccrisis 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 famouspeople 更得分的表达方式 名词 one'sundertakings/one'scommitments Therealityisthat… happiness/delight/enjoyment sorrow/grief hazard/peril(后面这个词语气很强，危险程度非同一般)[派生]dangerous; hazardous ≈schooling（指学校教育，家庭教育则用upbringing/parenting）[区分]家庭教育的两个词upbringing是从孩子的角度说的，比如children'supbringing;而parenting是从家长的角度来说，比如sensibleparenting. 如果你写过关于广告的题目，就一定体会过不停轮换使advertisement/advertising有多郁闷。其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类细化，比如commercials（电视或者互联网上的广告），flyers（传单广告，北京最常见的形式就是“135****，办证”）,billboards（大幅的广告牌）或者non-profitadvertisements=public-interestadvertisements（公益广告） automobile economicmeltdown（很接近）/recession（这个一般仅仅还是衰退）/theGreatDepression（这个则是特指1929年开始的那次了） celebrities（单数为celebrity） humanbeings（备考生使用过多） humanity（注意这个词的单数指人类，复数指人文学科）/thehumanrace wealth fortune(s)（fortune作财富的意思时可以加复数） [相关]rich skill [派生]skilled method field understandingof wealthy/affluent(adj.) ≈technique(注意这个词的正确解释是技能或者方法，而不是technology科技) adept/adroit(adj.) methodology(国外学术写作中超级常用的词，基本就是method的故作高深版） sphere/domain/arena ≈graspof/commandof 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 choice cooperation basicstructureinacityoracountry tirednessforalongtime isamustof theInternet honesty strongbelief aim worries influence influenceoneachother option ≈collaboration infrastructure fatigue isaprerequisitefor（是……的必备先决条件） ≈theinformationhighway(一篇考生作文里Internet被使用十几次是常事儿) ≈integrity faith(in) intention anxieties(是的，这两个词的确都可以加复数） impact/repercussion/implication mutualinfluence（类似的表达还有mutualrespect,mutualtrust和mutualunderstanding/interactionbetweenAandB/interplaybetweenAandB avarietyof…/awidearrayof…/awiderangeof… misconceptions prestige/sterlingreputation ≈spectrum ≈recognition component（这个词不仅指零件，在学术写作中也经常指“部分”） sensible(adj.) disparity ≈amechanismfor aremedyforsth.（生活中经常指一种病的治疗方31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4manydifferentkindsof… wrongideasheldbymanypeople fame range sense part wise[相关] gap asystemforaparticularpurpose asolutiontosth. 0 4badstudents 1 4badbehavior unethicalbehavior/immoralbehavior 2 4organizationsthathelppoorpeople charities/charitableorganizations 3 4difference distinction 4 4[派生]bedifferentfrom bedistinctfrom(adj.) 5 4person individual 6 4personality ≈disposition 7 4businesses enterprises（这里指企业） 8 4pricesthataretoohigh exorbitantprices 9 5therateof… theincidenceof…（后面一般跟坏事儿，比如0 unemployment/crime/adisease） 51 intenseenthusiasm zeal/passion 52 culturalglobalization（有过多人使用这globalculturalhomogenization 个词） 53 athingthatisnecessary anecessity 54 athingthatisnewandinteresting anovelty 55 athingthatisrare ararity 56 thingsthatpeoplearenotsureabout uncertainties 57 aworldlanguage auniversallanguage 58 friends companions 59 relaxation ≈recreation 60 self-respect ≈self-esteemanddignity 61 respectsb./sth. holdsb./ 62 treat…withcontempt=despise(v.) [反义]lookdownon… 63 self-control self-discipline 64 criminal convict 65 prisoner inmate 66 drinks ≈alcoholicbeverages 67 peoplewhowalkonthestreet pedestrians 68 oldgenerationsinhistory ancestors 69 apersonwhobenefitsfromsth. abeneficiaryofsth. 70 adiseasethatspreadsquickly anepidemic（注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾，却不是形容词） 法，但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题的解决方法，注意搭配的介词不同） ≈unrulystudents/disruptivestudents 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 averyunpleasantwayoflife ataskthatrequireslotsofeffort emotion enemy narrowminds awaytodosth. 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 misery anarduoustask ≈sentiment ≈opponent/foe insularminds（狭隘的头脑或者观念） anapproachtodoingsth./anavenuetowardssth. hobby ≈pastime/diversion progress progression（经常指抽象的进步，比如写关于society/career/technology的话题） failure setback（注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格） importance significance（当你用了一次importance之后，第二次不妨用这个） duty obligation（用于比较重要的责任） difficulty hindrance/impediment/hurdles pressurefromyourclassmates peerpressure citizenswhocanwork laborforce/workforce（都是总体概念，而且注意后面这个词的标准写法中间没有空格） problemsordiseasesthatexistforalongtime persistentproblems/chronicdiseases alifewithoutregularexercise asedentarylifestyle result consequence（表示消极的结果更多一些） thoughts ≈considerations thelackofknowledge ignorance（注意在地道英文里，这个词经常并不表示“忽视”，而是表示“无知”） harm(n.) adverseeffect harm(vt.) damagedestroy/ruin（这两个词比damage程度更重）spoil（后面跟thecityscape/scenery/environment）undermine（后面跟抽象概念，比如stability/socialorder/harmony）jeopardize（后面跟抽象概念，比如one'sfuture/one'scareer）tarnish（后面跟one'sreputation/image）sap/dampen（后面跟one'senthusiasm/interest/confidence） detrimental(adj.) [派生]harmful 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 ≈poseathreatto misfortune adversity/dilemma/predicament/hardship crime offense/criminalact youthcrime ≈juveniledelinquency criminaloffender/ ≈culprit/≈perpetrator seriouscrime heinouscrime/felony aminorcrime amisdemeanor shortage(of) scarcity(of)/dearth(of) theonlyone anexception placeswhereanimalslive habitat形容词 worrying ≈disturbing 形容词 verypopular prevalent/ubiquitous TRUE genuine(trulyagenuinely) deep profound（深刻的，后面经常跟wisdom/truths/understanding/impact/thoughts） strong powerful/mighty weak ≈vulnerable hard-working industrious（注意不是industrial，而diligent那个词在美语中是个挺大的词） verydisappointing lamentable/pathetic begood(for) bebeneficial(to)=beinthebestinterests(of) benotasgoodas beinferiorto bebetterthan besuperiorto uninteresting mundane（注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum many numerous（注意要跟可数名词） complicated intricate strange odd/bizarre/eccentric（单weird有点过于口语化了） cannotbeturnedback beirreversible produceusefulresults productive practical ≈realistic mature sophisticated（这个词指人的时候意思是思维成熟老练的） selfish self-centered/materialistic conceited proud（贬义） suitable fitting mostsuitable optimal lonely isolated/alienated [派生]beharmfulto badluck trouble