英国现代主义文学
Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代 ? 作品特点： transitional period
pessimistic novels of rural life
Nostalgic touch in his description of the primitive rural life
man is shown driven by his inherent nature which prompt him to search for happiness or success and thus set him in conflict with the environment.
The outside environment produces unfortunate coincidences. Man proves impotent before his ordained destiny.
This pessimistic view of life predominates most of his works and earns him a reputation as a writer of natualism.
conflicts between the traditional and the modern, between the old rural value of respectability and honesty and the new utilitarian commercialism, between the old, false social moral and the natural human passion
novels of character and environment a naturalistic and a critical realist writer 总结：
（乡村环境）primitive rural life in Wessex
（人在环境下力量渺小） environment；impotent （自然主义）natualism
（道德标准）false social code toward women
? 代表作：
Tess of the D’Urbervilles（德伯家的菜丝） Jude the Obscure（无名的裘德） The Return of the Native（还乡）
Far From the Madding Crowd （远离尘嚣） The Mayor of Casterbridge
? 德伯家的苔丝：
the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the country The injustice of existence
Changing ideas of social class in Victorian England Men dominating women
hypocrisy of the social structures and moral codes
John Galsworthy 约翰·高尔斯 The Forsyte Saga 《富尔赛世家》
W. Somerset Maugham 毛姆 Of Human Bondage The Moon and Sixpence
E.M.Forster
A Passage to India A Room with a View Aspects of the Novel
Joseph Conrad 康拉德 Heart of Darkness Lord Jim
Henry James
The Wings of Dove The Golden Bowl
He is first of all a stylist, a master of narrative techniques.
Bernard Shaw 萧伯纳
he greatest dramatist in English literature in the 20th century. Pygmalion 皮格马利翁
William Butler Yeats Irish poet
后现代文学
the means and methods of exploring it are infinitely richer and more varied than ever before.
Virginia Woolf 伍尔夫
? 代表作： Mrs. Dalloway To the Lighthouse
The Waves (these 3 novels established her reputation.) A Room of One’s Own
Three Guineas (classics of the feminist movement.) ? 特点：
fractured narrative and chronology Emphases the psychological aspects
David Herbert Lawrence D.H.劳伦斯
? 代表作：
Lady Chatterley’s Lover Sons and Lovers Women in Love
? 特点：the life impulse, or in another term, the sexual impulse. Human sexuality was, to Lawrence, a symbol of Life Force Oedipus complex 俄狄浦斯情节
James Joyce 詹姆士乔伊斯 ? 代表作：
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Ulysses
Finnegan’s Wake（芬尼根守灵夜） Dubliners 都柏林人 ? 特点：
James Joyce is the founder of stream of consciousness. present a record of the character’s thoughts. Flash back
T.S. Eliot
The waste Land 荒原
John Fowles 约翰·福尔斯
The French Lieutenant’s woman 法国中尉的女人 特点： 后现代色彩
实验小说、多重结局 维多利亚道德观进行批判
William Golding 威廉·戈尔丁 Lord of the flies 蝇王 主旨：
批判人类之间的相互斗争 悲观预测人类和人性
军官与男孩同样都是猎杀者
Doris Lessing 多丽丝·莱辛
The Grass is Singing 《青草在歌唱》 Children of Violence《暴力的孩子》 The Golden Notebook《金色笔记》
英国现代主义文学
