2020年高考英语二轮复习 专题8 阅读填空
1.（2020·江西临川一中模拟五）
Hotels in Shanghai are requested to stop offering disposable toiletries (一次性洗漱用品) unless customers ask, in order to make efforts to reduce waste and pursue (追求) green development.36．. The move is stated in a set of regulations on garbage sorting and recycling that went into effect in Shanghai.
Under the new regulations, most household plastic wastes should be sorted and recycled. The city also encourages individuals and companies to reduce their use of disposable plastic products. Kunlun Jing An hotel is one of those that answered the government call that “not offering disposable toiletries unless asked”.37．. “Shanghai is taking a lead in the country to fight against plastic waste,” said Gerd Knaust, general manager of Kunlun Jing An hotel. “Hotels should make contributions to sorting and recycling garbage.38．.”
39．. “It is a good thing to reduce waste in daily life,” said Zhang Wei, 40, from east China’s Shandong Province who checked in the hotel for a business trip. He brought a reusable toothbrush after being informed by the hotel in advance.
At least 6.5 million sets of disposable toiletries are said to be used every day if the occupancy rate is 50 percent for the 13 to 15 million hotel rooms across China, said Du Liangliang of the Hotel Business Unit of Ctrip, China’s leading online travel agency. “40．,” Du said.
A． The new measure will help reduce plastic waste, the hotel said B． Guests are encouraged to use recyclable toiletries during their stay C． If hotels stop offering disposable toiletries, it will be great progress D． It is one of the steps that the government takes to protect our environment E. Also, we should encourage customers worldwide to lead an eco-friendly life F. The hotel has informed people of the change through online and offline means G. Plastic products harm our environment so greatly that we shall reduce their use 【答案】36．B37．A38．E39．F40．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海市酒店现在已经停止对客人提供一次性洗漱用品。
36．根据上文Hotels in Shanghai are requested to stop offering disposable toiletries unless customers ask, in order to make efforts to reduce waste and pursue green development.可知，为了对减少废物、追求绿色发展做出努力，
上海的酒店被要求若非客人要求，禁止（对其）提供一次性洗漱用品。可知，B选项 “客人们被鼓励在住店期间使用可再次使用的洗漱用品”衔接上文。故选B。
37．根据上文Kunlun Jing An hotel is one of those that answered the government call that “not offering disposable toiletries unless asked”.可知，昆仑静安酒店响应政府（此项）号召即“若非客人（主动）要求，不向其提供一次性洗漱用品”的酒店之一。结合下文general manager of Kunlun Jing An hotel.说的话可知，A选项 “该酒店表示，该项新举措将会帮助减少塑料污染”承上启下。故选A。
38．根据上文Hotels should make contributions to sorting and recycling garbage.可知，酒店应该为垃圾分类与回收做出自己的贡献。可知，E选项“同时，我们应该鼓励世界各地的消费者过一种环保的生活”表达出酒店对垃圾分类做出的贡献。故选E。
39．根据下文He brought a reusable toothbrush after being informed by the hotel in advance.可知，他在提前被酒店通知后，带了一把可再次使用的牙刷。由此可知，F选项“酒店已经通过线上和线下的方式告知了人们这一变化”可引起下文内容。故选F。
40．根据本段上文At least 6.5 million sets of disposable toiletries are said to be used every day if the occupancy rate is 50 percent for the 13 to 15 million hotel rooms across China, said Du Liangliang of the Hotel Business Unit of Ctrip, China’s leading online travel agency.可知，中国领先的在线旅行社携程旗下酒店业务部门的杜亮亮表示，如果全国1300万至1500万间酒店客房的入住率达到50%，那么每天至少会使用650万套一次性洗漱用品。由此可知，C选项 “如果酒店停止提供一次洗漱用品，会是个巨大的进步”衔接上文。故选C。 2.（2020·江西高三期末）
Symptoms of Dehydration(脱水)
You’re bad- tempered.
Researchers tested the mood and concentration of 25 women who drank healthy amounts of water one day, and then didn’t over the next two days. When slightly dehydrated, the women reported tiredness, bad temper, headaches, and difficulty focusing. In a separate test, men with mild dehydration also had trouble with mental tasks. 36． Scientists are still trying to figure out why.
You have a bad workout.
37． It impacts how much you can push yourself. Even a 2 to 3 percent fluid loss affects your ability to get a good workout and more than 5 percent dehydration decreases exercise capacity by about 30 percent. A no-brainer way to avoid dehydration and dehydration symptoms is to aim for this much water per day.
38．
Driving while dehydrated may be just as dangerous as getting behind the wheel drunk, in terms of how many mistakes you could make on the road. British researchers had participants take two-hour drives [using a simulator (模拟器). When they drank enough water, there were 47 driving errors. 39．
You feel dizzy when you stand up too fast.
One of the signs of dehydration is when your blood volume and pressure drops, it can leave you feeling dizzy or faint, or bring on that rush of light-headedness after you quickly get up from sitting or lying down.
The exact treatment for dehydration symptoms depends on age and how severely dehydrated someone is. 40． Most of the time, however, people use some over-the-counter solutions for kids, and adults can drink more water A．You drive like you’re drunk. B．Dehydration can be life-threatening.
C．To get rid of dehydration you have to replace lost water. D．In extreme cases, people might go to the hospital for a treatment. E. Dehydration reduces blood pressure and makes the heart work harder. F. But when it came to mood changes, women changed much more than men’s. G. But when they are short of water, there were more than doubled driving errors to 101. 【答案】36．F37．E38．A39．G40．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是脱水的4种症状，即你会脾气暴躁；你会锻炼得不好；你开车就像喝醉了一样；你起身太快会感到头晕。
36．根据上文In a separate test, men with mild dehydration also had trouble with mental tasks.可知，在另一项单独测试中，轻度脱水的男性也有精神问题。此处承接上文说明女性的表现。故F选项“但在情绪变化方面，女性的变化要比男性大得多”符合上下文语境，故选F。
37．根据后文It impacts how much you can push yourself.可知它会影响你对自己的要求。可推知，本句是在说明脱水会引起的身体不适，从而导致锻炼得不好。故E选项“脱水会降低血压，使心脏工作更加困难”符合上下文语境，故选E。
38．由后面的Driving while dehydrated may be just as dangerous as getting behind the wheel drunk.可知开车时脱水可能和酒后驾车一样危险。由此可知，开车时脱水会让你像喝醉了一样，故A选项“你开车就像喝醉了一样”符合上下文语境，故选A。
39．根据前面的When they drank enough water, there were 47 driving errors可知，当他们喝足够的水时，有47个驾驶失误。此处承接上文，进一步说明开车时脱水对驾驶失误的影响。故G选项“但当他们缺水时，驾
驶失误增加了一倍多，达到101次”符合上下文语境，故选G。
40．根据上文The exact treatment for dehydration symptoms depends on age and how severely dehydrated someone is.可知，脱水症状的确切治疗取决于年龄和某人脱水的严重程度。由此可知，本句承接上文说明不同程度，人们的应对方法。故D选项“在极端情况下，人们可能会去医院接受治疗”符合上下文语境，故选D。 3. （2019·江西临川一中高三月考）
Four Ways to Beat Summer Weight Gain
When we think of the summer holiday，most of us think of outdoor fun. So it seems like we should naturally lose weight over the summer holiday. In reality，the summer holiday isn’t all beach volleyball and water sports. Therefore，we can gain weight easily in the summer holiday.36． Here are four ways to beat summer weight gain.
1.37． When we don’t have a plan，it’s easy to spend the summer holiday moving from the couch to the computer，with regular stops before the fridge. Avoid this by aiming for a specific goal，like volunteering，mastering a new skill，or working at a job. Just be sure to plan for some free time so you can relax a little！
2. Stay busy. When we’re bored，it’s easy to fall into a trap of doing nothing and then feeling low on energy. In addition to helping you avoid the cookie jar， filling your days with stuff to do can give you a sense of accomplishment.38．
3. Beat the heat. Don’t let summer heat put your exercise plans on hold.39． If a gym isn’t your scene， try bowling or an indoor climbing wall. If you love being outdoors， move a regular run or soccer game to early morning or evening.
4.40． With school out， we lose our daily routines. If you don’t have a specific job or an activity to get up for，it’s easy to sleep late， watch too much TV，and snack more than usual. Make sure your summer days have some structure—like getting up at the same time each day. Plan activities for specific times，like exercising before breakfast.
A．Stick to a schedule. B．Get going with goals. C．Relax by walking outside. D．Move your workout indoors.
E. We usually stay at home in the summer holiday.
F. That’s especially true if a dream summer job falls through.
G. However，it’s easy to avoid this problem if we know what to look out for.
【答案】36．G37．B38．F39．D40．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文，就暑假如何避免增重这一问题向读者提了四条建议。
36．由“ Therefore，we can gain weight easily in the summer holiday.___1___ Here are four ways to beat summer weight gain.”可知，因此,我们在暑假很容易增加体重。下面有四种方法可以战胜暑假增重。所以小题1要与前一句构成转折关系且承接下文。故G选项“然而，如果我们知道要注意什么，就很容易避免这个问题”符合句意。故G选项切题。
37．由“Avoid this by aiming for a specific goal，like volunteering，mastering a new skill，or working at a job. Just be sure to plan for some free time so you can relax a little！”可知，要避免这种情况，就要树立一个特定的目标，比如志愿服务，掌握一项新技能，或者工作。一定要计划一些空闲时间，这样你能放松一点！所以本段主要讲假期树立目标的必要性也就是小题2本段小标题所要说明的内容。故B选项“树立目标”符合句意。故B选项切题。
38．由“ In addition to helping you avoid the cookie jar， filling your days with stuff to do can give you a sense of accomplishment”可知，除了帮助你避开饼干罐外，把你的一天安排的满满的会给你一种成就感。所以小题3要承接上文，具体说明哪种情况，更适于把假期安排的满满的，让自己忙碌起来。故选F项“如果你梦寐以求的暑期工作落空时，这尤其适用”。符合句意。故F选项切题。
39．由“If a gym isn’t your scene， try bowling or an indoor climbing wall.”可知，如果健身房不适合你，试试保龄球或室内攀岩墙。所以小题4要总说把你的锻炼搬到室内进行，然后在具体分说。故D选项“把你的锻炼搬到室内进行”符合句意。故D选项切题。
40．由“Make sure your summer days have some structure—like getting up at the same time each day. Plan activities for specific times，like exercising before breakfast.”可知，确保你的夏天有一些规律——比如每天在同一时间起床。计划活动的特定时期,像早餐前的锻炼。所以本段主要讲假期要坚持自己的计划表，要坚持良好的生活习惯也就是小题5本段小标题所要说明的内容。故A选项“坚持计划表”符合句意。故A选项切题。
4. It is believed that raisins (葡萄干) were discovered in the Middle East, （2019·东北育才学校高三月考）where they were treasured. Any food that wouldn't spoil in the hot sun was very valuable. Prehistoric drawings in France show that raisins have been enjoyed in southern Europe for thousands of years. 56． In 1000 B．C．the Jews paid their taxes with raisins. Two jars of raisins in ancient Rome could buy one slave boy. 57．
In North America, the original mistake of leaving grapes to wither (枯萎) on the vine was not the only time raisins accidentally became popular. In the 1870s many people were growing grapes in California. 58． Most Americans had never heard of raisins at that time. In September, 1873 a severe heat wave struck the area. Before the
2020年高考英语二轮复习专题08 阅读填空（测）（含解析）
