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注意事项：
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。Section B Short Answer Questions
（共5小题，每小题
2分，共10分）
Directions: In this part there is a short passage followed by five questions. Read thepassage carefully. Then answer the questions with no more than 10 words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet.
Researchers in Japan and Australia say they have made progress in developing a blood test that could one day help doctors identify who might get Alzheimer's disease. The scientists said the test can recognize a protein known as amyloid (淀粉样蛋白) beta, which other studies have linked to Alzheimer' s. They said it was correct more than 90 percent of the time in a study involving over 370 people. The findings were published in the journal Nature.
Alzheimer' s disease is the most common form of dementia (痴呆). Experts believe dementia affects close to 50 million people worldwide. By the year 2050, it is expected to affect more than 131 million people. Those numbers come from Alzheimer
’s Disease International, a non -profit
group. Currently, doctors have two ways to identify a buildup of amyloid beta in the brain. One is a brain scan or brain imaging; the other is a spinal tap(脊椎抽液) But both tests are invasive, costly and may only show results when the disease has already started to progress. There is no treatment that can slow the progression of Alzheimerdisease.
Having a simple, low-cost blood test could make it easier for drug companies to find enough people who are at risk of developing Alzheimer
’to s test new medicines, said Katsuhiko
’s. Current drugs can only ease some of the effects of the
Yanagisawa. He was one of the leaders of the study. He works at the Japanese National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.
Alzheimer
’s disease is thought to start developing years before patients have any signs of
memory loss. Experts say an important factor in finding an effective treatment will be the ability to recognize signs of the disease early.
“You have got to walk before you run,
” said Colin Mas
co-leader of the study and a professor at the University of Melbourne in Australia.
learn to diagnose the disease directly before you can hope to see the effect of therapeutic intervention. And that’s where the real value in this test will come ,
56. This passage reports the development of a _____________test to diagnose Alzheimer
.
“You h
” Masters added.
’s d
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57. One advantage of the present test is that it costs_______________ than the previous tests. 58. All the three tests identify Alzheimer
’s disease by detecting a protein named_____________.
59. Can doctors cure or slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease today?
______________________________________________________________________________. 60.Alzheimer’s disease may have already started before patients have any sign of memory_____________________.
Part Ⅲ Translation （共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）
Section A From Chinese to English
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inthe brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet. (15 marks)
61. __________________（起源于汉朝）, Shadow-play（皮影戏）became popular among ordinary people in Tang Dynasty.
62. Trade between West and East moved through Central Asia along the famed Silk Road, bringing _________________________________（发展与繁荣）. 63. The Grand Canal flows southward ________________________________Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
64. BYD is now famous for its “plug-in” electric hybrid cars, which, _______________________ （如其名称所示）
, can be recharged bu plugging them into electricity sockets.
（学士学位）, you have to take
（纵贯四省）of
65. If you are to study for ______________________________standardized examination on a couple of subjects. Section B English-Chinese Translation (
共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）
Directions: Translate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the following passage. Write your translation on Answer Sheet. (15 marks)
When Asked how far engineers had come towards creating artificial intelligence (AI), Stephen W. Hawking replied: 66 )
“Once humans develop artificial intelligence, it would take off on its
own .It will redesign itself at an ever increasing rate. Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldn
’t compete with them. We would be replaced \
.
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In my view, the late Cambridge professor is wrong because there are strong grounds for believing that computers will never copy all human cognitive abilities. 67 )AI has historically failed to copy human mentality, and it will continue to fail. Three fundamental problems explain why.
First, computers lack true understanding. A US philosopher John Searle proposes how a computer program can appear to understand Chinese stories by responding to questions, but fail to truly understand anything of the interaction.
Second, computers lack consciousness. Some researchers hold 68 ) if a robot experience a conscious sensation as it interacts with the world, consciousness will exist in everything everywhere: in the cup of tea I am drinking, in the seat that I am sitting on. But does everything have souls or minds? If we reject this idea, we must reject machine consciousness .
Lastly ,computer lack mathematical insight . Can the human mind be completely realized by mere computations?
In my role as an AI expert on the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, I am particularly concerned by the potential development of the robotic weapon system. 69 ) These systems can engage themselves in military action without human instruction. This is because current AI is not similar to human intelligence. When fighting against each other, poorly designed autonomous systems have the potential to make the situations worse rapidly. Such systems can exhibit true artificial stupidity.
It is possible to agree that 70) AI may pose an existential threat to humanity, but it will never become more intelligent than us.
66. Once humans develop artificial intelligence , it would take off on its own.
______________________________________________________________________________. 67. AI has historically failed to copy human mentality ,and it will continue to fail.
______________________________________________________________________________. 68. if a robot experience a conscious sensation as it interacts with the world, consciousness will exist in everything everywhere.
______________________________________________________________________________. 69.These systems can engage themselves in military action without human instruction.
______________________________________________________________________________. 70.AI may pose an existential threat to humanity, but it will never become more intelligent than Us.
.
in this world
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______________________________________________________________________________.
Part IV Writing (30 marks, 30 minutes)
Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on thetopic of Population Transformation in China . You should write about 120 words following the Chinese outline given below, taking the information available in the following table as evidence. Please write your composition on The Answer Sheet.
Population Transformation in China
Major indexes
Population below 15
Population of labor between 15 and 65 Population above 65
（1）简述表格内容，概括中国人口变化趋势。
（2）简要说明中国人口变化可能带来的社会影响，如居民养老，代际关系，劳动力人口下降等。
（3）提出相应的建议和措施。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Year of transition
1975 2015 1975
Trend decrease decrease increase
.
浙江专升本英语2018真题
