many different intelligences.
Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests. These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence. The brains of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with high intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.
Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he thinks that the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, when one part of the brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的), and naturalistic.
36. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to understand intelligence. B. The importance of intelligence. C. The development of intelligence tests. D. How to become intelligent.
37. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?
A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.
B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.
C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.
D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests. 38. Gardner believes that
A. children have different intelligences B. all children are alike.
C. children should take one intelligence test. D. there is no general intelligence. 39. According to Gardner, schools should A. promote development of all intelligences. B. test students’ IQs.
C. train students who do poorly on tests. D. focus on finding the most intelligent students. 40. Gardner thinks that his theory has a A. musical foundation. B. intrapersonal foundation. C. linguistic foundation. D. biological foundation. 第三篇：
Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance
Bored of using a mouse? Soon you'll be able to change stuff on your computer screen – and then move it directly onto your smart phone or tablet(平板电脑) –with nothing more than a glance.
A system called Eye Drop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object – a photo, say – and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smart phone just by glancing at the second device, as long
as the two are connected wirelessly.
\focus on content that we want to acquire, \Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University, UK. Turner believes Eye Drop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smart phone or for sharing photos.
A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the \点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. \if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at,\
Christian Holz, a researcher inhuman-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact. \Drop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism,\he says. \now allows users to seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner.\
While current eye-trackers are rather bulky, mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and
is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future.
Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touch screen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week.
41. The eye-tracker technology enables us to______ A. change our computer screen. B. focus on anything that interests us. C. get a smart phone connected wirelessly. D. move an object from screen with a glance. 42. Why is a button needed?
A. To minimize the cost of Eye Drop. B. To choose as many objects as possible. C. To make Eye Drop different from others. D. To select what we want.
43. The word “this” in Paragraph 6 refers to_______
A. application of gaze-tracking inhuman-computer interaction. B. interaction between human and computer.
C. combination of gaze-tracking with input on touch devices. D. generalization of Eye Drop system.
2014年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及参考答案
