热点09 完形填空
【命题趋势】
中考完形填空抛弃了传统的语法知识型”命题模式转变成，情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是实出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。 【满分技巧】
1. 跨过空缺处，先通读全文
了解文章大意做题时，应先跨过缺词处。通读全文，理顺文意，找出关键词，我们可以依据首句给的相关提示，通过逻辑思维分析。借助短文中关键词们所提供的信息，跨过空缺处，把全文快速浏览完，建立语言的整体感.，从而帮助我们了解短文人意。 2. 先易后难，各个击破
通读全文后，可以根据文章大意，展开逻辑思维，分析每一个空缺处在句中的地位和作用.以确定最佳答案 。遇到闲难时，可忽略此空，先做下一题，最后再回过头来分析解答，也许就会峰口路转，思路明晰。 3. 梳理全文查看文章的完整性
做完所有题目后，还应再次通读全文，看看此时的短文行文是否流畅，意思是否连贯。逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手。检查一下句子的时态以及词语的搭配等是否正确。 【热点话题】
完形填空热衷话题有：生活哲理、人物传记、说明建议、故事等。 【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）
A
（2019 ? 四川省乐山市） 话题：生活哲理 难度：★ 建议用时：5分 A group of boys gathered around a tree. ＂What a tall tree!＂ they said to each other. ＂It would be ___1___to climb to the top!＂
The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could climb to the top of the tree___2___. Their mothers were sitting not far away, looking on at their children as they ___3___.
One of the climbers was an 8-year-old boy named David. He was the shortest child in the group. Nobody thought he would___4___ the competition.
Then the game started. All of the boys tried their best to climb as___5___ as they could. Although they all made
it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree fastest___6___.
His mother was proud to see this. She asked him, ＂David, how did you ___7___to reach the top of the tree so quickly?＂
＂It was easy,＂ David said. ＂The other children kept looking down as they climbed. When they realized how high they were, they got scared(恐惧的) and were afraid of ___8___down. I, however, looked only ___9___. When I saw how close I was, I kept going higher and higher until I reached the top.＂
It is true in life that if we just keep going forward without looking back, we are more likely to reach our goals(目标). 1. A. useful 2. A. last 3. A. studied 4. A. win 5. A. well 6. A. as well 7. A. manage 8. A. looking 9. A. down
B. possible B. finally B. played B. enter B. safely B. in the end B. hope B. climbing B. over
C. crazy C. first C. jumped C. like C. carefully C. as usual C. imagine C. falling C. out
D. exciting D. really D. discussed D. hold D. high D. in time D. agree D. going D. up
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个八岁的小男孩爬树比赛得了第一名，人们问他是如何做到的，他说当其他的孩子爬树时，他们往下看，当他们离地面很高时，他们会很恐惧，但是他往上看，他看到的是还有多近就到达顶端。通过这个故事告诉我们，在生活中，我们如果往前看而不是往后看就更容易达到目标。
1. D【解析】句意＂爬上顶端是让人振奋的＂。本题考查形容词辨析。A.有用的；B.可能的；C.疯狂的；D.
令人振奋的。根据＂What a tall tree!＂ they said to each other可知，爬到树的顶端是让人振奋的，故选D。
2. C【解析】句意＂然后这组小男孩决定玩一个游戏，看看谁能第一个到达树的顶端＂。A.最后；B.最后；
C.第一，首先；D.真地。根据he reached the top of the tree fastest___6___.可知，他最快到达树的顶端，所以表示＂第一个到达顶端＂，故选C。
3. B【解析】句意＂当他们玩游戏时，他们的妈妈坐在不远的地方看他们的小孩＂。本题考查动词辨析。A.
B.玩；C.跳；D.讨论。学习；根据The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could climb to the top of the tree___2___可知，他们在玩一个游戏，所以他们的妈妈在看他们玩游戏，故选B。
4. A【解析】句意＂没有人会认为他能赢得这个比赛＂。本题考查动词辨析。A.赢；B.进入；C.喜欢；D.坚持。
根据Although they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree fastest___6___可知，大卫赢得了这个比赛，故选A。
5. D【解析】句意＂所有的男孩都尽了最大的努力爬得尽可能高＂。本题考查副词辨析。A.好地；B.安全地；
C.细心地；D.高地。根据The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could climb to the top of the tree___2___可知，表示＂爬的更高＂，故选D。
6. B【解析】句意＂虽然他们都比大卫先爬到半山腰，但他最后还是以最快的速度爬到了树顶＂。A.也；B.
最后；C.通常；D.及时。根据David, how did you ___7___to reach the top of the tree so quickly可知，最后大卫以最快的速度爬到了树顶，故选B。
7. AA.设法做成某事，manage 【解析】句意＂大卫，你是如何这么快地达到了山顶？＂。本题考查动词辨析。
to do成功做成某事；B.希望做某事；C.想象；D.同意。根据Although they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree fastest___6__可知，最后他成功地第一个登上树顶，成功做成某事，故选A。
8. C【解析】句意＂当他们意识到他们如此高的时候，他们很恐惧并害怕掉下＂。本题考查动词辨析。A.看；
B.爬；C.掉下；D.去。根据句意可知，他们爬得很高的时候害怕掉下来，故选C。
9. D【解析】句意＂然而我仅仅向上看＂。A.向下；B.超过；C.出去；D.向上。根据When I saw how close I was,
I kept going higher and higher until I reached the top.＂可知，他向上看，看到的是离终点是多么地近，故选D。
B
（2019 ? 甘肃省天水市） 话题：环保 难度：★★ 建议用时：6分 March 22 is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance of water, but also calls on（号召）us to 1 and protect water. Today, we’re facing terrible water problems. Among them, the wastewater problem is rather 2 , And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is ＂wastewater＂.
What is wastewater? It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes, 3 , hospital and so on. It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing machines, taking showers and using kitchens. The rain also 4 wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it comes from, this kind of water is sure to have 5 harmful in it.
6 must we treat（处理）wastewater? Wastewater has a big influence in our lives. It causes both
illness for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for our environment and our own 7 . How can we treat wastewater? Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewater 8 homes can be reused. Then there will be 9 wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be cleaned 10 it goes back to nature. 1. A. drink 2. A. easy 3. A. factories 4. A. gets back 5. A. nothing 6. A. What 7. A. work 8. A. on 9. A. less 10. A. and
B. save B. popular B. lakes B. hands in B. something B. Who B. interest B. for B. more B. whether
C. carry C. small C. rivers C. changes into C. nobody C. Why C. health C. with C. better C. after
D. watch D. serious D. seas D. picks up D. somebody D. How D. business D. from D. worse D. before
2017年世界水日主题为＂废水＂。【文章大意】现在我们面临着严重的水问题，其中废水问题尤为严重。短文介绍了什么是废水，我们为什么要处理废水，以及如何处理废水。号召我们要节约和保护水资源。 1. B【解析】句意：它不仅使我们思考水的重要性，而且呼吁我们节约和保护水。A. drink喝；B. save节约；
C. carry搬运；D. watch观看。前半句提到世界水日让人们来思考水的重要性，因此我们要节约用水，故答案为B。
2. D【解析】句意：其中废水问题较为严重。A. easy容易的；B. popular流行的；C. small小的；D. serious严
重的。根据后面的句子And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is＂wastewater＂. 2017年世界水日主题为＂废水＂。说明废水问题较为严重。故答案为D。
3. A【解析】句意：通常废水来自家庭、工厂、医院等。A. factories工厂；B. lakes湖；C. rivers河流；D. seas
大海。工厂会产生工业污水，是产生废水的主要来源，故答案为A。
4. CA. gets back拿回；B. hands in上交；C. changes 【解析】句意：暴雨期间雨水在沿着街道流淌时也会变成废水。
into变成；D. picks up捡起。雨水变废水，雨水流到街道上也是废水产生的一个来源，故答案为C。 5. B【解析】句意：这种水肯定含有有害物质。A. nothing没有什么；B. something某物；C. nobody没有人；
D. somebody某人。雨水中含有的东西，不能用指人的不定代词来表示，排除C、D；根据生活常识可知，废水中含有各种有害物质，故答案为B。
6. C【解析】句意：我们为什么要处理废水？A. What什么；B. Who谁；C. Why为什么；D. How怎么样。根
据后面的句子＂Wastewater has a big influence in our lives. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment.＂废水对我们的生活有很大的影响。它既给我们带来疾病，也给环境带来污染。这也是处理废水的原因，因此上句是询问原因，答案为C。
7. C【解析】句意：我们必须关心我们的环境和我们自己的健康。A. work工作；B. interest兴趣；C. health
健康；D. business生意。上句提到水污染会让人们产生疾病，因此我们必须要关注我们的健康问题，故答案为C。
8. D【解析】句意：家庭废水可以再利用。A. on在……上面；B. for为了；C. with与……一起；D. from来自。
使用介词from表示废水的来源，故答案为D。
9. A【解析】句意：这样废水就会减少。A. less更少的；B. more更多；C. better更好的；D. worse更糟的。
上句提到家庭用水得到循环利用，因此废水可以有效的减少，故答案为A。
10. D【解析】句意：在工厂废水回归自然之前，必须对其进行清洁。A. and和，而且；B. whether是否；C.
after在……之后；D. before在……之前。此句是强调工业污水必须要净化处理，肯定是是在回归自然之前处理。故答案为D。
C
（2019 ? 四川省凉山州） 话题：垃圾分类 难度：★★★ 建议用时：6分 Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish? Maybe you will think it is 48 . However, it can be true! Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind. Let me show you something about 49 rubbish. Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings... here and there. Many large cities became so ugly 50 it. Nobody likes rubbish, but in fact, some rubbish can be used again. All of us want to solve the problem, we must do something to 51 rubbish. We should take action from now on. 52 , some good things will not be wasted. Do you often throw away things you don’t need any more? Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? For Example, when a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But we can use the metal of the car to make something else. When a bottle is empty, it 53 as waste. You don’t know bottle glass can be made into sand and used to build streets. Rubbish 54 food can be changed into fertilizer to make plants grow better. It is cheap and safe. And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks. Now, 55 machines are designed for that.
56 , people will watch films in a beautiful cinema which is built out of rubbish. Besides buildings and roads, cities may be made from rubbish. But so far, building beautiful cities made from rubbish is only 57 .
中考英语热点专题突破训练九 完形填空
