The development with MOFs in application
It is well known that Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) plays a important role in the profession of organic and inorganic, also known as porous coordination polymers (PCPs), are an emerging type of porous materials which are formed by the self-assembly of metallic centers and bridging organic linkers. Design and synthesis of organic linkers are very critical to target MOFs with desired structures and properties. In this review, we summarize and highlight the part that the recent development of porous MOFs that are constructed from the multicarboxylate ligands containing m-benzenedicarboxylate moieties, and their promising applications in gas storage and separation and heterogeneous catalysis. 1. Introduction
With the fast development rate of our society, all kinds of technology had presented a prosperous scene ,especially in chemical profession and chemical industry. A lot of chemical productions have been manufactured, like medicine drugs, pesticide, cosmetic, fossil fuel and so on. But in this procedure, there are many harmful waste pollutant had been made, so we must come up with good ideas to settle it. It is a challenge project for us.
While much more attention of the MOF community has been devoted to adsorption and purification of gases, there is now also a vast body of data on the capability of MOFs to separate and purify liquid mixtures.
Initial studies focused on separation of petrochemicals in apolar backgrounds, but the attention has moved now to the separation of complex, e.g. chiral compounds, and to the isolation of bio-based compounds from aqueous media. We here give an overview of most of the existing literature, with an accent on separation mechanisms and structure–selectivity relationships.
A large portion of the production costs areassociated with purification steps, for instance using solvent extraction, adsorption, crystallization and distillation processes. 1,2 Presently, distillation accounts for more than 90% of all separation processes in the chemical industry. 3 Due to the reactive nature or the decomposition of certain chemicals and the high costs associated with distillation, valid alternatives are needed for a sustainable chemical industry in the future. 4 Adsorptive separation is such a promising alternative; it is already used in a multitude of processes in industry today. 5 An adsorbent is able to separate a mixture of chemicals into pure compounds, mostly based on differences in the interaction between the adsorbent and the constituents of the mixture. 6 The efficiency of separation is therefore strongly determined by the characteristics of the adsorbent. Microporous materials such as zeolites, 3 activated carbon,
7
carbon molecular sieves,
8
aluminophosphates,9
inorganic or polymeric resins 10 and composite materials 11 have already been studied intensively for adsorptive separations .However, in order to
realise the challenging separations of future industries, superior adsorbents are still needed. Certain metal-organicframeworks (MOFs) which combine high chemical and thermalstability, 12–14 large surface areas
15,16
and tuneable surface properties
17–21
could be valuable
candidates in this respect. MOFs are hybrid materials constructed from inorganic metal nodes and multidentate organic ligands organised in a crystalline three-dimensional network. 22 2. The MOFs’ applications
Recently, there are many people focusing on the field that MOFs are applied in our life. Everyone knows that our environment was harmed by the worse gas, which were made in the procession with the production of work products. Considering the lasting development,we must look foreword the new ways to solve the serious cases. With the hard work by chemists, the widely applications of MOFs are widely used in the field. Setting several aspect as following. 2.1 Applications in gas adsorption of FL-MOFs
Due to their low densities, high surface areas, large porevolumes, as well as adjustable pore sizes and tunable pore functionalities, MOFs have been widely explored for the gas adsorption(e.g., H 2 , CH 4 , and CO 2 ) and separation (e.g., CO 2 /N 2 , CO 2 /CH 4 ). 23 So far, great efforts have been dedicated to the quest for strategies to enhance gas adsorption capacity and selectivity in porous MOF materials and a lot of vital results
have been reported and reviewed. 24 In the case of FL-MOFs, researches focused on the increasement of the pore void ratio, retention of porosity after guest removal, and enhancement of gas-binding affinity for their better application in gas adsorption and separation. 2.2 Applications in fuel system in transportation industry
MOFs are highly crystalline structures with nanometer-sized pores that allow for the efficient storage of natural gas and other gases such as hydrogen and carbon dioxide. MOF materials provide high surface area on which gases are adsorbed. For example, a one gram sample of MOF materials offers a surface area equivalent to a football (soccer) field.
Currently, there is a company named BASF, which is focused on commercializing MOF solutions for the transportation industry. The company has developed patented MOF materials that allow for the increased storage of natural gas, offering the potential to significantly increase vehicle range or to operate fuel storage tanks and natural gas compression systems at lower pressures.
Demonstration vehicles equipped with natural gas fuel systems containing BASF MOF materials were introduced in 2013, including a heavy duty Kenworth truck up-fitted with BASF’s energy storage technology. The storage system on this class 7 T440 truck utilizes a Type IV natural gas storage pressure vessel, designed and up-fitted by Quantum Technologies, a leader in the development and production of integrated natural gas fuel storage systems.The demonstration truck is also equipped with a BASF natural gas emissions catalyst. 3. Conclusion and outlook
The development of new organic linkers is still very important to target functional MOF materials. Among the diverse basic units, the meta-benzenedicarboxylate one, summarized in this review, is particularly of importance to be developed into a number of organic linkers and thus MOFs of diverse structures and tuneable pores.The tuneable structures and porosities within this series of synthesized MOFs
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