《辅音》 爆破音
1. [p]：双唇紧闭，气流挡在口腔内，形成一定气压后猛张双唇，气流爆发而出。 apple cap deep happy help map paper passport a bit of a pity a very expensive purse pay the bill
a piece of paper help the poor play one’s part
a pretty present paint a picture
2. [b]：口型同[p]，声带略微震动，时间较短。 above absent bath beach beast bike bird boat as blind as a bat Beauty and Beast bread and butter
bag and baggage behind one’s back I beg your pardon
baked beef black and blue
3. [t]：舌尖抵住下齿龈，然后放开，使气流爆破而出，吐气很强。 city cotton eat fat at times
stop talking about it write a letter
hot late matter meeting an important meeting put on your coat turn tail
not at all tell tales
4. [d]：口型同[t]，吐气较弱，声带轻微震动，时间较短。 advice a cold day
after death, the doctor in a dark building
5. [k]：舌后部上升，抵住软腭，然后放开，使气流爆破而出，吐气较强。 according a black desk as clear as crystal
car character clean clock a colorful picture back countries
come conquer cool bad better bread code dance dare dark a different idea cry aloud suddenly
a good child day by day
a cute clock beg for
look at the kite pick up quite a character take care
6. [g]：口型同[k]，吐气较弱，声带轻微震动，时间较短。 August bag beggar big cigar dialogue egg game a great gun get angry with a guy guide a character
as good as gold give a glance
forget the exam green grass
摩擦音
7. [f]：上齿轻触下唇，透过上齿和下唇之间的缝隙向外吐气 affect cliff a brief frame far from it five fingers
8. [v]：口型同[f]，声带震动。 active brave cave clever dove drive five give coffee effect enough fat feel finger a famous film star feel fine my father’s friend
face to face fight fire with fire sharp knife
a very hot oven negative virtue visit the village
an invalid visa over and over again
marvelous achievement various views
9. [s]：上下齿轻微闭合，透过上下齿之间的缝隙向外吐气。 accept bus Christmas cinema city face message miss for old time’s sake seem to
something serious
a slight sigh see the sea sing a song
be at sixes and sevens seek some books sink or swim
10. [z]：口型同[s]，声带轻微震动。 amazing business citizen a zebra in the zoo doze off
desert his magazine please cozy clothes Nobel Prize
possess analyze news examine her disease
nose to nose seize the crazy man
11. [?]：舌尖后缩上抬，气流从舌和硬腭的缝隙中通过，发出摩擦音。 chef delicious moustache ocean shake shame she ship a flash shot pay attention share the sunshine shrug one’s shoulders
a shadow of a shade shake hands short of cash
a shining machine shaking shoulders show the ship
12. [?]：口型同[?]，声带震动。 casual closure garage leisure message measure mirage pleasure measure the television The pleasure is mine
on this occasion treasure the art treasure
see a vision casually unusual conclusion
13. [θ]：口型与[s]相似，但舌尖位置不同，舌尖放在略微张开的上下齿之间，并略微接触，舌尖尽量向下齿用力，气流通过舌尖和上齿间的缝隙发生摩擦而发声，注意不要将舌头堵塞它和上齿间的缝隙，以免气流被堵塞而不能发生摩擦。
anything bath a thin thief north and south the third tooth
14. [e]：口型与[θ]相同，声带要震动，在词末时，声带震动要有力。 breathe brother feather leather other soothe there these breath death health method month north from mouth to mouth set a thief to catch a thief thousands of
healthy thought the Fifth Avenue through thick and thin
bathe in the sunny weather gather together then and there
bathe with him mother’s clothes this and that
father’s brother their leather without them
15. [r]：舌尖向齿龈后部与硬腭连接处翘起，气流在卷起的舌尖与连接处滑过，舌尖卷起时不得接触上齿龈。
bread a red rose hurry up
breakfast cross free fruit grass grow interrupt as green as grass in a red race read and write
break fresh ground rack and ruin right or wrong
rather correct worry about
16. [h]：舌身平放于口腔中并使其保持松驰状态，不要与口腔内壁和齿龈发生接触，向外呼气，气流在声门处发生摩擦音，声带不震动。 behind habit hand hard hat hate head help half-hearted hear by herself with hat in hand
hand in hand hope for help
hang by a hair hunt the wrong hare
破擦音
17. [t?]：先将舌尖抵住上齿龈，不留空隙，形成发[t]的音位，然后舌尖与上齿龈慢慢地分开，让气流缓缓从缝隙中冲出，声带不震动，[t?]出现在词尾时送气要强。
chain chair chance a cheap chicken leg chat over lunch free of change
18. [d?]：先将舌尖抵住上齿龈，不留空隙，形成发[d]的音位，然后舌尖与上齿龈慢慢地分开，让气流缓缓从缝隙中冲出，声带震动，[d?]出现在词尾时声带震动要略强。 adjust bridge cage danger dangerous general jump for joy
opportunity and challenge
germ jam change charming chat cheap cheer up
cheat catch with chaff cheat on the check too much
change the choice
a Japanese jeep in charge of play jokes
an aged judge join in the jury traffic jam
gentleman’s gentleman
jump from one job to another
鼻辅音
19. [m]：舌身平放在口腔内，双唇紧闭，气流在口腔内开成一定气压，气流从鼻孔中出来，在鼻腔中产生摩擦 exam family a man of mark at the moment make me mad the man in the moon
20. [n]：双唇微开，舌尖抵住上齿龈，气流从鼻孔中出来，在鼻腔中产生摩擦音，当出现在词尾时，气流要强，声带要震动。 Angry clinic concert dance finish hunt kind knife next number no need to know want some coins
film game learn from make more money
make map mar mate a warm room after meat mustard made in America more and more
hand in hand next to nothing of no name
narrow-minded no matter run against
21. [?]：双唇自然张开，气流从鼻腔呼出，（去除拼音ing中的起始音i） bank English a long evening sing a song
ink king long morning pink sing nothing wrong the meaning of the song
a long shopping list the coming spring
舌侧音
22. [l]：舌尖紧贴上齿龈，气流从舌的两边泄出，声带震动（做好发拼音l的口形，但不发出e的音，就是英语音标l的正确发音）。当位于辅音前或词尾时，发音方式同前，只是舌尖不再紧贴上齿龈，两者微微分开。 basketball silent sleep
半元音
23. [w]：双唇呈圆形突出，声带震动，音较短，在单词中[w]音会很快滑到后面
clock faller feel get lost slight light
film girl glue hill fall in love with give me a lift
音标笔记
