学习必备 欢迎下载
第十二讲 宾语从句
姓名： 学校： 年级：
【学习目标】：1,通过听力练习，提高听说水平
2 通过音标学习，提高口语水平，并积累必备单词
3 通过读写训练，能掌握宾语从句的基本规律，并熟悉考题
【知识要点】：
概念：句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一
个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句的三要点：
引导词，从句语序，从句的时态 一、引导词：取决于从句的语气
1.从句是陈述语气时，引导词用that.
2.从句是一般疑问语气时，引导词用if或whether. 3.从句是特殊疑问语气时，引导词用特殊疑问词。
e.g: I'm afraid that you are right.
I want to know if it will rain tomorrow. I didn't hear what he wanted me to do . Do you know whose bag I am carrying? He asked me if I taught English.
二、从句语序：一律用陈述语序
主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他
He asked me when I arrived in Shanghai . I want to know where they will go. ¨ Could you tell me what you are reading? ¨ I don't know where he lives . 特殊：1 what’s wrong? 2 what’s the matter? 3what’s happening?
三、主.从句的时态呼应
1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。 2.主句是一般过去时, 从句用过去范畴的时态。
3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真 理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。
e.g: He says that he is reading a book now. He said that he would work hard. They said they had been to France.
The students asked me if the earth goes round the sun.
Pay attention!
1、考虑连接词 2、考虑人称 3、考虑时态 4、考虑语序
学习必备 欢迎下载
【经典例题】
宾语从句原则
（1） 宾语从句的语序
考生只要记住：不管这个含有宾语从句的复合句的句式是否为疑问句，宾语从句的语序是陈述语序（或者称之为正常语序），即主语在前，谓语在后，从句中不会出现像do,did,does这三个无意义的助动词。
常用的出题形式为单项选择题、句型转换题（直接引语转换为间接引语此类的题）。 例题 ：
1. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen
C. how it happened D. how did it happen
（2） 宾语从句的时态
从句的时态受主句的限制，符合这样的原则：“主过从过”——如果主句的时态是一般过去时，那么从句的时态要变成相应的过去的各种时态（有一种情况是除外的，如果从句说的是客观的事实或是真理，从句的时态只能用一般现在时）；如果主句的时态是一般现在时，从句的时态要用所需要的各种时态，此时从句的时态就不受主句限制了。 例题：
1. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.（变为含有宾语从句的复合句）
→ Jack didn’t know that there would be a meeting in five days.(主过从过)
2. I don’t know.They have finished their homework. （变为含有宾语从句的复合句）
→ I don’t know that they have finished their homework .
因为主句的时态是一般现在时所以从句就用原来的时态就可以了3.The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
老师告诉过我们地球围绕着太阳转动。（是客观真理） （3） 从句人称的变化
在把直接引语变间接引语这类题中，人称的相应变化是个考查重点，它遵循一个原则，“一随主，二随宾，三不变”具体的讲，即直接引语中的人称在宾语从句中要发生变化，如果是第一人称则要随着主句的主语变，是第二人称就要随着主句的宾语变化，如果是第三人称就不需要变化了。此类题常以句型转换的形式考查。 请看下面的例子：
1．“Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同义句)→
Tom's mother asked him if he wanted to try it. (仔细观察划线部分的变化
二随宾)
2. My mother told me .”He will come to see me.”(同义句) →
My mother told me he would come to see her (一随主，三不变) （4） 连接词的选择
考查这一内容的题型主要是‘直接引语变间接引语’。如果直接引语部分是陈述句，选择的连接词是that，如果直接引语部分是一般疑问句，选择的连接词是if或whether，如果直接引语部分是特殊疑问句，引导词为特殊疑问词。由此我们得出宾语从句的引导词可以分为三大类：
学习必备 欢迎下载
that 不能用在主句谓语动词是ask. wonder等词的后面做连接词。 if\\whether 意为“是否 ”
【经典练习】
1. —I really hope to keep in touch with Lily.
—Sorry. I don't know ______.（09武汉） A. what her name is B. what her job is C. what her number is D. when she left 2. ---Excuse me，do you know __________？
—Sure．There is a bank there．（09仙桃） A、when I can go to the bank B、where the bank is C、when can I go to the bank D、where is the bank
3. — Tommy, do you know if Frank ________ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________?
— Sorry, I have no idea. （09孝感） A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine
C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 4. — Could you tell me _______? I must find him.
— Sorry. I don’t know. But he was here just now. （09孝感） A. where Tom was B. where has Tom gone C. where Tom is D. where can I find Tom
学习必备 欢迎下载
5. --- Do you know ______ the new mobile phone last week? --- Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.（09通化）
A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for D. how much she will pay for 6. —The light in his room is still on. Do you know____________? —In order to prepare for the coming exam.（09常州）
A. if he works hard B. why he stays up so late C. why is he so busy D. when he will stop working 7. —Can you tell me _______for the 60th China National Day? --A wonderful parade.（09连云港）
A. what is going to be held B. who is going to be invited C. how much money will be raised D. how long will it last 8. —I’d like to know_______． —At 6．30．（09苏州）
A．when does your mother usually cook breakfast B．how your mother usually cooks breakfast C．when your mother usually cooks breakfast D．how does your mother usually cook breakfast
学习必备 欢迎下载
9. I don’t know________ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me?（09宿迁） A. when we start B. when did we start C. when we will start D. when will we start
10. How lovely the dog is ! Can you tell me _________________?（09山西） A. where did you get it B. where will you get it C. where you got it 11. It is reported that more new teaching buildings ___ in our school in the next term. （09绵阳）
A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build 12. ---- Excuse me. Could you tell me ___________?
---- Yes, There is a video shop next to the tall building.（09绵阳） A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDs C. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs
13. —Excuse me. Could you tell me__________? I want to post a letter. —Sure. It’s between Hongqi Supermarket and Jinglong Hotel.（09达州） A. where was the post office B. where the post office is C. how can I get to the cinema D. how I can get to the cinema 14. Miss Green didn't tell us in 2002, but now she lives in our school.（09阜康）
A. where does she live B. where she lives
中考英语初三宾语从句
