XX年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试题(二)

XX年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试题（二）

xx年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试题（二） passage 4

with only about 1 000 pandas left in the world, china is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. that’s a move similar to what a texas a&m university researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “noah’s ark”.

dr. duane kraemer, a professor in texas a&m’s college of veterinary medicine and a pioneer in embryo（胚胎）transfer work and related procedures, said he salutes the chinese effort and “i wish them all the best suess possible. it’s a worthwhile project, certainly not an easy one, and it’s very much like what we’re attempting here at texas a&m — to save animals from extinction”.

noah’s ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos, semens（精子）and dna of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. if certain species should bee extinct, kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.

it is estimated that as many as 2 000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will bee extinct over the next 100 years. the panda, native only to china, is in danger of being extinct in the next 25 years.

this week, chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a japanese white rabbit. they are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.

the entire procedure could take from three to five years to plete.

“the nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” kraemer believes. “they will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. it takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. they are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the

missyplicity project at texas a&m, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.

“they are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in noah’s ark. we’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. i certainly applaud their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. it’s a research that is very much needed.”

61. the aim of “noah’s ark” project is to ______.

a. salute the chinese efforts in saving pandas

b. implant embryo into a host animal

c. introduce cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a japanese white rabbit

d. save endangered animals from extinction

62. how long will the chinese panda-cloning project take aording to the passage?

a. 3 to 5 years. b. 1 year.

c. 25 years. d. 2 years.

63. the word “groundbreaking” (paragraph 7) can be interpreted as ______.

a. pioneering b. essentially new

c. epoch-making d. evolutionary

64. what could be the major problem in cloning pandas aording to professor kraemer?

a. lack of host animals. b. lack of available panda eggs.

c. lack of funds. d. lack of qualified researchers.

65. the best title for the passage may be ______.

a. china’s efforts to clone pandas

b. china—the native place of pandas forever

c. exploring the possibility to clone pandas

d. china’s first cloned panda

passage 5

if there is one thing scientists have to hear, it is that the game is over. raised on the belief of an endless voyage of discovery, they recoil（畏缩）from the suggestion that most of the best things have already been located. if they have, today’s scientists can hope to contribute no more than a few grace notes to the symphony of science.

a book to be published in britain this week, the end of science, argues persuasively that this is the case. its author, john horgan, is a senior writer for scientific american magazine, who has interviewed many of today’s

leading scientists and science philosophers. the shock of realizing that science might be over came to him, he says, when he was talking to oxford mathematician and physicist sir roger penrose.

the end of science provoked a wave of denunciation (谴责) in the united states last year. “the reaction has been one of plete shock and disbelief,” mr. horgan says.

the real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems, of which there are plenty, lend themselves to universal solutions. if they do not, then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowing. since the triumphs of the 1960s — the geic code, plate tectonics (板块构造说), and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the big bang — genuine scientific revolutions have been scarce. more scientists are now alive, spending more money on research, that ever. yet most of the great discoveries of the 19th and 20th centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship, when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size.

were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than today’s? that seems unlikely. a far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns. “look, don’t get me wrong,” says mr. horgan. “there are lots of important things still to study, and applied science and engineering can go on for ever. i hope we get a cure for cancer, and for mental disease, though there are few real signs of progress.”

66. the sentence “most of the best things have already been located” could mean ______.

a. most of the best things have already been changed

b. most of the best things remain to be changed

c. there have never been so many best things waiting to be discovered

d. most secrets of the world have already been discovered

67. john horgan ______.

i. has published a book entitled the end of science

ii. has been working as an editor of scientific american

iii. has been working many years as a literary critic

iv. is working as a science writer

a. i and ii b. i only

c. i and iv d. i, ii and iv

68. there have not been many genuine scientific revolutions in the past few decades because ______.

a. there have been decreased returns in the research of fundamental science

b. there are too many important things for scientists to study

c. applied science and engineering take up too much time and energy

d. today’s scientists are not as in ___igent as those in the past

69. the term “the big bang” probably refers to ______.

a. the geic code theory b. a geological theory

c. a theory of the origin of the universe d. the origin and the power of atomic energy

70. the best title of this passage can be ______.

a. great scientific discoveries will never be possible

b. the harsh challenge has to be met by modern scientists

c. the state sponsorship and scientific enterprise are all in vain

d. the chance for great scientific discoveries bees scarce

part iv cloze (15 minutes, 10 points)

directions: in this part, there is a passage with twenty blanks. for each blank there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet with a single line through the center.

there is virtually no limit to how one can serve munity interests, from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically fulltime work for a social agency. just as there are opportunities for voluntary service 71 (vso) for young people before they take up full-time employment, 72 there are opportunities for overseas service for 73 technicians in developing countries. some people, 74 those who retire early, 75 their

technical and business skills in countries 76 there is a special need.

so in considering voluntary or 77 munity service there are more opportunities than there 78 were when one first began work. most voluntary organizations have only a small fulltime 79 , and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. this means that working relationships are different from those in mercial organizations, and values may be different. 80 some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not 81 them by mercial criteria. the people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different 82 , both personal and 83 . one should not join them 84 to arm them with professional expertise; they must be joined with mitment to the 85 , not business efficiency. because salaries are 86 or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expenses. but many retired people take part in munity service for 87 , simply because they enjoy the work.

many munity activities possible 88 retirement were also possible during one’s working life but they are to be

undertaken 89 seriously for that. retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider 90 munity service.

71. a. oversea b. over sea c. over seas d. overseas

72. a. as b. so c. then d. that

73. a. quantity b. qualifying c. quality d. qualified

74. a. partially b. partly c. particularly d. passionately

75. a. order b. operate c. offer d. oupy

76. a. which b. where c. as d. that

77. a. paying b. paid c. to be paid d. pay

78. a. before b. lately c. never d. ever

79. a. team b. number c. staff d. crowd

80. a. in b. by c. with d. through

81. a. look at b. ment c. enjoy d. judge

82. a. subjective b. subject c. objectives d. objects

83. a. organization b. organizational c. organized d. organizing

84. a. expecting b. to expect c. being expected d. expected

85. a. course b. cause c. case d. caution

86. a. little b. small c. large d. big

87. a. free b. freedom c. money d. something

88. a. before b. on c. in d. at

89. a. much b. very much c. no more d. no less

90. a. to be taken b. to take c. taking d. being taken

paper two 试卷二

（60 minutes）

part i error detection and correction (10 minutes, 10 points)

directions: each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked a, b, c and d. identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect. then, write down the corresponding letter and, without altering the meaning of the sentence, put the correction on the answer sheet.

1. the warm winter helped dry out alive trees and bushes, as well as the dead needles, a b c

leaves and limbs on the ground beneath the trees. d

2. researchers believe one way to minimizing the damage is to get better at predicting the a b c d

risk of fire.

3. indications that the moon underwent a heavy bombardment（撞击）date back the early a b c d 1970s.

4. alongside these technical skills we need to extend and refine our social skills. the basis a b

of this is to avoid any sense of be a special category of person. c d

5. there is never any need to feel shameless or even childish in wanting to move on to new a b c d

experiences.

6. only oasionally one could take a break out of season, getting the best bargains— a b c

though not necessarily the best weather. d

7. some people choose to go on cruises as a way of rewarding themselves. certainly if you a

have plenty of money this can be a good idea, though it may not turn off quite as expected. b c d

8. overseas travel sounds excited and sometimes exotic but not everyone can afford it. a b c d

9. many of the ships went down with valuable treasure; but none of them has made a b

great treasure tales. as a good wine, treasure is improved by age. c d

10. a lot of urban people e into the country and suddenly bee terrible a b c

concerned about its appearance and what the farmer is doing.

d

part ii translation (20 minutes, 10 points)

directions: translate the following passage into english. write your translation on the answer sheet.

过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900年到1950年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。

part iii writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

directions: for this part, you are to write a position of 120~150 words on the following topic:

the greatest invention in the past century

in your position, you should clearly state your opinion and give reasons to support your argument. write your position on the answer sheet.

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