初中英语作文有效教学课堂初探
作文在初中英语教学中一直是项很具有挑战性的任务,因为它不仅涉及到学生的想象力水平,还和学生的语言运用水平密切相关。要促进这两方面能力的提高,探索有效的培养策略是我们初中英语老师面临的现实而又艰巨的任务。我以人物描写为例,进行作文有效教学的研究,在反复的实践中探索并总结行之有效的方法。 一、第一次摸索的设计与实践
为了提高学生的运用语言的能力,我设计了话题导入和语言热身两个环节:话题倒入和语言热身阶段我展示了某个明星的几张照片,并和学生对话,导入描写人物的话题,并指导学生用英语描述这个明星。 从互动的效果来看,学生的回答的信息量有限,热身并没有热起来。从他们描述的语言来看,运用语言的能力还处于较低水平。 [分析和诊断]
(1)教师给学生的输入信息不够。(更侧重于外表的输入) (2)学生参与的热情不够,教师的鼓动性语言较少。 (3)学生对所给信息挖掘的还不够。
(4)教师在热身时只强调语言的正确性,忽视了语言的丰富性。以至于学生在描述人物时也只是三言两语。 [学生习作1]
He is Xiao Shenyang .He was born in Liaoning. He is an actor. He is tall, He has short hair and He has big eyes. He likes smiling. His hair is black. He looks friendly. He likes playing jokes. He
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is famous all over China. I love him very much. [建议和改进]
(1)充实人物的性格和品质,讲讲这些人物背后的故事,引发学生对他们的兴趣。比如呈现某人不为人知的一面等。
(3)提问时交叉使用一些问句,或追加提问,帮助学生挖掘更多的信息。
二、第二次改进的设计与实践 [学生习作2]
Xiao Shenyang was born in a poor village in 1981.He is tall with a big smile on his face. Sometimes he looks quiet,but most of time he is funny. After he left school, he began to learn Errenzhuan from 1995 to 1998. He is talented in performing.In 1999 he had his first performance. Then he did very well in the first Benshan Cup Contest. Five years later,he won the first prize in another important contest――Liu Laogen Stage. Because of his perfect performances,he became Benshan’s student. From then on,he did better and better. He hoped to perform on CCTV one day. But he didn’t achieve his dream until 2009. It was the Spring Festival Gala that made him well-known all over China. He is my favourite star. [分析和诊断]
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(1)介绍小沈阳时,教师要引导学生运用并激活他们几年积累的旧知。
(2)制定合乎实际的评价标准,细则中要渗透写作策略和技巧。 (3)教学活动不仅设计学生的活动,而且也应该设计教师的活动。 (4)开头和结尾略显粗糙。句子间的衔接有待进一步加强。 [建议和改进]
(1)写作前教师可以给学生列举一些具体有关于怎样写好作文开头结尾和一些细节描述。
(2)学生不仅仅要关注语言准确性问题;而且要重视语言的丰富性。 (3)老师要注意评价细则的分类,即要分对优等生、中等生和差生的评价细则。
三、第三次形成的设计与实践 这次我设计了以下环节:
(1)小组口头讨论之后,每小组派代表向同学们做口头描述。 (2)学生独立写作文,选择两位同学板书作文。
(3)按照老师提示的要求,对同学们板书的内容进行修改,包括开头大小写,标点,时态,名词单复数,冠词等。
(4)学生交换批改精加工所写的作文,标记好词好句,好的开头结尾,句子之间的连接等亮点。 [分析和总结]
(1)以说促写,提高表达能力。
(2)小组合作讨论使学生畅所欲言,课堂气氛活跃。小组代表向全
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