【教学目标】
1. 掌握并使用被动语态。
2. 熟悉并理解使用被动语态的语境。 3. 熟悉用来引出动作执行者的单词by.
【教学难点】
被动语态的构成和表达方式 【教学过程】
一、重点词汇：online, television, channel, design(er), program, education(al), traveller, character, role, knowledge,
screen, mark, pass, set, store, movable, machine, control, print, appear, daily, exciting, include, cover, order, introduction, goal, produce(r); 二、词组短语：turn on, at the same time, main character, a thirteen-year-old boy, fall asleep, earn a point, play the
role of…, find out, sell out, a set of, daily English, ask for help 三、结构句型：What do you use your computer for?
A new educational CD-ROM called ‘Around the World in Eight Hours’. It is designed by Nancy Jackson. None of them is good.
I’m not sure if you will like the name of the main character. Do you mind telling me how to use this function? In which countries is the game sold? 四、重点语法：被动语态 （一）被动语态变成被动语态步骤
1、找到动作的承受者（常为主动句的宾语）作为被动句的主语； 2、找到谓语变成“be+过去分词”的结构；
3、找到动作的执行者（常为主动句的主语）作by的宾语。若不必指出动作执行者，可省去by的短语； 4、主语和宾语中的人称代词在转换时也应作相应的变化；
5、动词形式和主语的人称与数配合，动词时态也要和主动语态里的配合；
6、如果谓语动词是短语动词的话，就要把其当成一个整体处理，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。 如：
We have turned on the TV for hours. (主动语态) The TV have been turned on for hours. (被动语态) （二）用被动语态的时态变化
a) 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词 b) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 c) 一般将来时：will/be going to+be+过去分词 d) 现在进行时：is/am/are+being+过去分词 e) 过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词 f) 现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词 （三）被动语态中常见的注意点
a) 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
b) 主动语态中有些动词，如make/see/hear/watch/feel sb. do sth.的结构，这些动词后面跟的是动词的
原形，但变成被动语态后原形要变成to do的不定式结构。如：
He made the boy work for him. (主动语态) The boy was made to work for him. (被动语态)
c) 常见的不用被动语态的动词：系动词, appear, belong, die, fall, happen, last, become, cost, fit, have等 d) 常见的一些词组
get dressed(穿衣) get hurt(受伤) get lost(迷路) get washed(洗脸) get married(结婚) be covered with (被…覆盖)
be made of （由…制成）（看得出原材料） be made by （由某人制造） be made from （由…制成）（看不出原材料） be made in （由某地制造） be used for （被用于…） be used as （被当作…使用） it is said that…（据说…） it is hoped that…（希望…） it is well known that…（众所周知…）
五、例题解析
1、误：This is a book was written by Lu Xun. 正：This is a book written by Lu Xun.
解析：此处的written只是作为一个形容词来用，整个 ‘a book written by Lu Xun’意为‘一本鲁迅写的书’。注意区别：This book was written by Lu Xun. 2、误：I will find out if he comes tomorrow. 正：Iwill find out if he will come tomorrow.
解析：此处的if意为‘是否’，引导的是一个宾语从句，由于有tomorrow所以用将来时。而只有当if当解释为‘如果’时，它才引导条件状语从句，要体现主将从现的特点。
【课堂测试】
1. People use knives for cutting things.
Knives _______ _________ for cutting things. 2. He gave me ten dollars yesterday.
Ten dollars ______ _______ to me by him yesterday. 3. They speak English widely in the world. English _______ _________widely in the world.
4. They grow rice in South China. Rice ______ _________ in South China. 5. The policeman caught the thief in a lonely room.
The thief _____ ______ ________ the policeman in a lonely room.
【课后作业】
Ⅰ.根据句意及所给的提示完成单词
1. Can’t you see these _________(简报) on the board?
2. Jackson is one of the best___________ in the world who designed the Giant Tower in 1984. 3. I sent you an e-mail. Have you r_________ it?
4. They’re visiting the Summer Palace. Let’s go and greet these t_____. 5. Don’t make too much noise. My baby has just fallen a__________. 6. Daniel wants to write about his favourite e ___________ CD-ROM.
7. This CD-ROM helps you learn English by testing your____________(知识) of English grammar and ___________(词汇). Ⅱ.单项选择
( )1. These words _______on the blackboard.
A. write B. writes C. is written D. are written ( )2. The new computer game________“Travel in Space”.
A. called B. calls C. is called D. is calling ( )3. His new novel(小说) will________ in two weeks.
A. come in B. come out C. come up D. come down ( )4. ____I see the photos, I’ll remember the days I spent in Beijing. A. This time B. That time C. One time D. Every time
( )5. Although she is an____ girl, she has been skilled in using computers. A.11-year-old B. 11-years-old C. 11 year old D.11-years old ( )6. Her _____of geography is very poor.
A. known B. knowing C. know D. knowledge
初二英语8BUnit3Grammar
