2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析

grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as \of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.

[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. InOliver Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from theworkhouse to the criminal slums of London. NicholasNickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of thesenovels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.

41.【答案】F

【解析】排序题关键是收尾相接，要紧紧牢记大纲的考点“一致性和衔接性”。也就是要想选出下一题首先要确定上段的尾句在说什么，做到上一段的尾句和要选择的段落首句衔接。41题取决于给出的首段D选线。D选项起到统领全文的作用，主要对狄更斯进以及他的作品进行了总体的评价和概括：狄更斯对于大多数人来说是英国知名的、伟大的小说家，他是一名道德家、讽刺家以及社会先驱者，他的小说情节曲折、人物性格鲜明，捕捉到了英国社会的全景。那么对于这类人物自传式的文章，后面会先减少其生平。纵观各选项，不难发现F选项首句出现Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast，各位考生要把握was born出生这个关键词。因此，41题选择F选项。

42.【答案】E

【解析】要想做出42题，关键是理解41题F选项，尤其是F选项的后面一部分。我们认真研读F选项的后半段一直在介绍狄更斯童年经历中他父亲所起到的作用，介绍他的父亲由于债务被关进了监狱，这给狄更斯带了羞耻感以及后面他在黑工厂做工的经历对他性格的行程都起到了很大的作用。于是我们浏览各选项首句，发现E选项开头Soon after his father's release from prison，出现了很关键的线索词，即他的父亲被释放后，因此E可以接在4题F选项的后面。所以，42题选择E选项。

43.【答案】A 【解析】43题取决于42题E选型的尾句，E选项的前半句说狄更斯找到了一份文职的工作，最后一句是At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines，大概意思说他开始用语言记录周围的人和生活，尤其是幽默的和奇怪的，形成了一些杂志magazine 中基本的素材梗概sketches，浏览各选项的首句，很容易发现A选项的首句The first published sketch, \Dinner at Polar Walk\brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine From then on his sketches,考生会发现复现词magazine 和sketches。因此，42题选择A选项。

44.【答案】C

【解析】44题取决于43题A选项的尾句，A选项的尾句说道狄更斯用\这个笔名开始

发表文章，并且小有名气，浏览各选项首句，会发现C选项的首句出现了Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared，这里我们会发现他的笔名，原词复现，因此，44题选择C选项。

45.【答案】G

【解析】45题还剩最后一个选项G，我们要验证一下G选项是否适合放在最后一段，用什么来验证呢？利用给定的上一段B选项。取决于B选项的尾句，看其是否能与G选项的首句衔接。B选项的尾句在讲狄更斯说的成功，以及他的小说中的人物匹克威多带来的影响和效应。而不难发现G选项的首句复现了Pickwick，而且还有一个时间线索词after。因此，45题选择G选项。

Section III Translation

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.

(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol

(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.

(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of

international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.

The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it. (46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

参考译文：但是，尽管使用英语者的人数在不断增加/说英语的人越来越多，却仍然有迹象表明，英语语言的全球主导地位在不久的将来/可预见的未来也许会慢慢衰退。

句子解析：本句很简单，主句是there be 结构，主句前是让步状语，signs后面是that引导的同位语从句，对signs进行进一步的补充说明。同位语从句中是主谓结构，the global predominance of the language 是主语，may fade 是谓语，within结构是时间状语。expands的词义不应该选择常用的“扩展”意思，而应该结合前面和它搭配的number，而选择“增加”的意思。

(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

参考译文：因此，大卫格兰多的分析可能会终结某些人的自满态度，这些人认为，英语在全世界的地位十分稳固，英国的年轻一代人根本不需要学习其他的语言。 句子解析：此句为复合句，who之前是主句，结构是主谓宾，His analysis是主语，he指代的是前面的大卫，end是核心谓语动词，any self-contentedness是宾语，among those是状语，who引导定语从句修饰those，定语从句中who做主语，believe是谓语，that引导宾语从句做believe的宾语，宾语从句中global position of English是主语，后面是系表结构，that引导结果状语从句，结果状从中是主谓宾结构。词汇部分，self-contentedness可能是难点，意思是“自满，自大”，因为contend是满意的意思，additional在考研英语翻译中常用的译法是“新的，另外的”，此处翻译可采用词性转换。还有who引导的定语从句的处理方法，可以重复先行词“那些人”，采用后置法。

(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

参考译文：很多国家正在把英语列入小学课程范围，但是英国的中小学生似乎并没有受到更多的鼓励去流利地掌握其他语言。

句子解析：此句是but连接的并列复合句，前半句是主谓宾加状语的结构，很简单，后半句也是主谓宾结构，British schoolchildren and students是主语，do not

appear to be gaining是复合谓语，greater encouragement是宾语，to achieve fluency in other languages是不定式短语做encouragement的后置定语。Curriculum是课程的意思，fluency是流利，流畅的意思。

(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.

参考译文：大卫.格兰多指出的这些变化给英国的英语教学工作者提出了明确的和巨大的挑战，这些英语教学工作是面向其他国家的人和更为广泛的商业教育机构的。

句子解析：此句是简单句，修饰成分较多，稍有些复杂，The changes是主语，identified by David Graddol是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰changes，identified可以理解为“发现，指出”， present是谓语动词， 是“体现，表现”的意思，clear and major challenges是宾语，to UK`s providers of English language teaching是介词短语做后置定语修饰challenges，providers 本意是供应商，此处可以理解为“英语教学工作者”，to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.是后置定语修饰English language teaching。

50． It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.

参考译文：这一研究为所有试图促进英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个依据，这一依据是为了满足可能会出现不同操作情况/运行环境的可能性的。

句子解析：主句是主谓宾加状语结构，it是代词指代，指代前文的study，basis应该理解为“依据”，which引导定语从句修饰organizations，翻译时可以采用前置法，定语从句中which做主语，seek to promote是谓语动词，the learning and use of English是宾语，a basis是前面主句宾语basis的同位语，for planning to meet the possibilities介词短语做后置定语修饰basis，of what could be a very different operating environment介词短语做后置定语修饰possibilities。

Section Ⅳ Writing

51 directions

You are to write an email to James Cook, a newly-arrived Australia professor, recommending some tourist attraction in your city. Please give reasons for your recommendation.

You should write neatly on the answer sheet.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the email. Use ―Li Ming‖ instead. Do not write the address。（10 points）

参考范文：

Dear Prof. James Cook,

Welcome to China. I know you love traveling, so I’m writing this letter to recommend to you one of my favorite scenic spots—Harbin, which is an old northern city of China.

I think you must like it for the reasons as follows. To begin with, there are an amount of beautiful scenic spots, such as the Ice and Snow Kingdom in winter, the Sun Island, the Central Street and so on. In addition, you could taste a great number of snacks on the average street. Last but not least, the people of Harbin are overwhelmingly hospitable and enthusiastic, which is famous all over China. Owing to the reasons discussed above, I won’t hesitate to recommend this scenic spot to you. I am sure you will enjoy it. Best wishes for you!

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

真题解析

今年英语一的小作文不出预料，再一次考查到了推荐信。在英语一的考试当中，推荐信已经考查过两年了。例如我们英语一在2011年就考查过向你的朋友推荐一部电影。具体题目要求是Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and；2) give reasons for your recommendation. 2015年考察的是you are going to hold a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members. You should state reasons for your recommendation. 而今年的作文题目要求给新来的澳大利亚国籍教授James Cook介绍你城市的tourist attraction。因此，考生不用惊慌只要把2011年或2015年的小作文，主要是推荐原因部分，稍作修改即可成文。这就启发我们2018届的同学们要高度重视历年真题，因为考过的话题或是书信类型会反复考查。 那么今年的作文具体该如何来写呢？今年考题的Direction要求向新来的James Cook教授推荐旅游景点。根据题目的要求，我们可以判断本文为公务信函，语域为正式语域，即不能出现缩写、省略问句和和口语表达。

称呼： Dear Prof. James Cook, 注意称呼中，Prof后面的句点不能丢，称呼最后的逗号号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。当然如果称呼不写Prof. 写成Mr. James Cook 也是可以的。

正文

第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：1：欢迎Cook 教授来中国；2：写信目的，表明推荐。 用到了这样的表达Welcome to China. I know you love traveling, so I’m writing this letter to recommend to you one of my favorite scenic spot- Harbin, which is an old northern city of China.

第二段： 写作内容为推荐原因。可以从三个角度来考虑：美景、美食和热情的人们。