桂林成效外语培训学校
新概念英语第二册教学大纲
一、 知识要点
I. 关键句型 1. 语序
(1) Word order in simple statements简单陈述句的语序 (Unit 1)
陈述句用来叙述一件事情。凡是叙述一件事情的陈述句都市简单陈述句。
常见的有以下几种基本句型：
1) 主语＋系动词＋表语（＋状语）
例如：Tom is very happy today.
2) 主语＋谓语（不及物动词）（＋状语）
例如：We didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.
3) 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语（＋状语）
例如：He wrote a book in senior high school.
4) 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（＋状语）
例如：My father bought me a very good bike on my birthday.
5) 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语（＋状语）
例如：I don’t want you to work too hard.
6) There be＋主语＋状语
例如：There are many story books in his schoolbag.
(2) Word order in compound statements并列句中的语序 (Unit 2) 并列句由两个或两个以上相互不依从的句子构成。
并列句的各个分句之前通常用并列连词连接，并列连词前可用逗号，也可不用。 其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。主要并列连词有: and, but, so, or, both…and, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also… (as well)等。 主要并列连词的用法：
1) and: 意为“和，而且”，表示同等关系或递进关系。 例如：I went there by train and she went there by plane. 2) but: 意为“但是”，表示转折关系。 例如：He is poor, but he is happy. 3) so: 意为“因此”，表示因果关系。
例如：We studied very hard, so we passed the exam.
4) or: 意为“或者，否则”，表示选择关系。
例如：Are you going with us or will you stay at home?
5) both…and…: 意为“两者都”，表示并列关系。
例如：Both Tom and Peter are good at playing football.
6) either...or…: 意为“不是……就是……，或者……或者……”，表示选择关系。
例如：Either the teacher didn't explain the sentence clearly, or I didn't understand it.
7) neither ...nor…: 意为“既不……也不……”，表示选择关系。
例如：Neither she nor I speak German.
8) not only...but also… (as well): 意为“不但……而且”，表示同等关系。
例如：He was not only a good father, but he was also a good husband. (3) Word order in complex statements复合句的语序 (Unit 3)
复合句也称主从句，即主句和从句。从句须有引导词或叫连词引出，否则复合句不
成立。连词既起连接主句和从句的作用，表明主从句之间的关系，还在从句中充当一定的成份，有一定的意义。
本册中主要讨论状语从句和定语从句。
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桂林成效外语培训学校
1) 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。 ① 时间状语从句
常用的从属连词有：when, while, as, till, until, after, before, as soon as等。 例如：Don’t get excited when you talk.
It will be five years before we meet again.
② 地点状语从句
常用的从属连词有：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等。 例如：Please keep sitting where you are.
Everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current US champion.
③ 条件状语从句
常用的从属连词有：if, unless等。 例如：I must leave if that’s the case.
I won’t write unless he writes first.
④ 原因状语从句
常用的从属连词有：because, since, as, now that等。
例如：He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter from her.
As David had a passion for walking, we started off on foot.
⑤ 目的状语从句
常用的从属连词有：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that等。 例如：Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.
He left early in order that his children would not be alone in the house.
⑥ 结果状语从句
常用的从属连词有：so… that…, such… that…等。 例如：He was so fat that he couldn’t get though the door.
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
⑦ 让步状语从句
常用的从属连词有：although, though, even if, even though等。 例如：He’s very lovable although not at all tidy.
I wouldn’t do it, even if you paid me a thousand pounds.
⑧ 方式状语从句
常用的从属连词有：as, like, as if, as though, however等。 例如：When at Rome, do as the Romans do.
When she had finished she waited as though for a reply.
⑨ 比较状语从句
常用的从属连词有：as… as…, not as/so… as, than…等。 例如：That’s not so simple as it sounds.
They work harder than we do.
2) 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先
行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。
① 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
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桂林成效外语培训学校
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
② 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 例如：There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
2. 时态
(1) 现在进行时 (Unit 1)
1) 现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。 例如：They are playing basketball now. Listen! She is singing an English song.
We are making model planes these days. It's 6:30 now. I am getting up.
2) 句型构成：be + 动词的现在分词 ① be的变化：在现在进行时中，be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同而分别使用am / is / are，即：I用am，he/she/it包括单数名词和不可数名词用is，you / we / they包括复数名词用are。
② 现在分词是在动词后加上ing 构成的。现在分词加ing的规则：
a. 直接在谓语动词后加ing。例如：go - going, start - starting, work - working。 b. 去掉词尾不发音的e，再加ing。例如：leave - leaving, dine - dining。 注意：如果单词结尾的e发音，则不能去掉，也直接加ing。例如：see - seeing, agree - agreeing。另外，有少数动词比较特殊，例如：lie – lying / die – dying / tie – tying / picnic – picnicking。 c. 对于重读闭音节词，双写末尾字母再加ing。例如：sit - sitting, begin - beginning, run - running, stop - stopping, cut - cutting, control – controlling。
3) 可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语有：now, this week, at this moment 等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look, listen提醒听者注意正在发生的事。
4) 句型分析：
① 一般疑问句是将be移到主语前面，句末加问号，读升调。
例如：Is he showing a foreign guest round the city? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. ② 否定句式是在be动词后加not。
例如：I am not working. The students aren't playing football.
5) 特殊情况：
① 有些动词从结构来看是现在进行时，但却是表示将要发生的事。
这些动词往往是一些表示位置移动变化的动词，如：go, come, leave, fly, move, start, begin, arrive, stay, return等。
例如：Next month my family is moving to Beijing.
My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven o'clock tomorrow morning.
② 并不是所有动词都有进行时，一些动词一般在句中不能用现在进行时态，而应用一般现在时。这些动词往往是等表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词。例如：see（明白）, know, want, like, hear, have(有), think, hope, hate等。
(2) 一般现在时 (Unit 1, 2, 3)
1) 定义：一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。
2) 构成：一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-s。（一般的动词词尾 +s；以sh / ch / s / x结尾的词 + es；以辅音字母y结尾的把y变成i + es；辅音字母 +o结尾的 + es。） 3) 一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式：
① be型：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are）： a．肯定句中，只出现be，如： I am a student．
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新概念英语二册教学大纲
