2014年12月南京师范大学翻译硕士专业 英语翻译基础试卷（满分150分）
一、 词语解释：15个英译汉，15个中译英（共30分） 1. NATO 2. GPS 3. IMF 4. PBOC 5. GMT 6. CBD 7. APEC 8. IPO 9. UNESCO
10. break a butterfly on the wheel 11. corporate income tax 12. opportunity cost
13. There is no smoke without fire 14. talk of the devil and he comes 15. OPEC
16. 国内机场 17. 以人为本 18. 土豆泥 19. 清洁能源 20. 老龄化人口 21. 与时俱进 22. 军备竞赛 23. 国际援助
24. 物以类聚，人以群分 25. 有其父必有其子 26. AA制 27. 航站楼
28. 凡人皆有得意时 29. 五环路
30. 一个中国原则
二、 翻译英译中（60分）
（博主搜索后发现，考试的文章节选自A.A.Milne《Golden Fruit - The Orange》,如下方段落，另附上刘士聪、靳梅琳的翻译供参考）
Of the fruits of the year I give my vote to the orange.
In the first place it is a perennial—if not in actual fact, at least in the greengrocer's shop. On the days when
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dessert is a name given to a handful of chocolates and a little preserved ginger, when macedoine de fruits is the title bestowed on two prunes and a piece of rhubarbs, then the orange, however sour, comes nobly to the rescue; and on those other days of plenty when cherries and strawberries and raspberries, and gooseberries riot together upon the table, the orange, sweeter than ever, is still there to hold its own. Bread and butter, beef and mutton, eggs and bacon, are not more necessary to an order existence than the orange.
It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues of the orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, for whoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellent substitute with the young for a cricket ball. The pip can be flicked at your enemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide for an old gentleman.
But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of the taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on....
一年四季的水果里，我最推崇柑橘。
首先，柑橘常年都有——即使不是在树上，至少是在水果店里。有的时候，只用几块巧克力和一点蜜饯生姜充当餐后的甜点，两块李子干加一片大黄便被冠以蔬果什锦美名时，这是仍带酸味的柑橘便前来慷慨救驾；其他时候，水果丰盈，樱桃、草莓、木莓、醋栗在餐桌上相互争艳时，此时比往日更加甜美的柑橘依然能坚守自己的岗位。对于人们的日常生活，面包和黄油、牛肉和羊肉、鸡蛋和咸肉，都未必像柑橘那样不可或缺。
很幸运，这种最普遍的水果恰恰是最好的水果。论其优点，难尽其详。柑橘有益于健康，比如，可以治疗流感，滋养皮肤。柑橘清洁干净，不管是谁把它端上桌子，也只触到它的表皮，亦即它的外衣，吃完后橘皮便被留在餐厅里。柑橘是圆的，给孩子当板球玩是再好不过了。柑橘核可用来弹射你的敌人，一小片橘皮也能让一个老者滑个趔趄。
但是，如若不是柑橘的味道甜美可口，上述的一切便都不足取。我真不敢纵谈柑橘的美味。我为它的美味所倾倒。每当有人结婚我便心生怨意，因为那就意味着一束鲜橘花——未来金黄果实的夭折。然而，人类总得继续繁衍。 三、 翻译中译英（60分）
（考试文章节选自朱自清《哀互生》，另附上参考译文）
互生最叫我们纪念的是他做人的态度。他本来是一副铜筋铁骨，黑皮肤衬着那一套大布之衣，看去像个乡下人。他什么苦都吃得，从不晓得享用，也像乡下人。他心里那一团火，也像乡下人。那一团火是热，是力，是光。他不爱多说话，但常常微笑；那微笑是自然的，温暖的。在他看，人是可以互相爱着的，除了一些成见已深，不愿打开窗户说亮话的。他对这些人却有些憎恶，不肯假借一点颜色。世界上只有能憎的人才能爱；爱憎没有定见，只是毫无作为
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的脚色。互生觉得青年成见还少，希望最多；所以愿意将自己的生命一滴不剩而献给他们，让爱的宗教在他们中间发荣滋长，让他们都走向新世界去。互生不好发议论，只埋着头干，是儒家的真正精神。我和他并没有深谈过，但从他的行事看来，相信我是认识他的。
What was most memorable about Husheng was his attitude toward life. He was as strong as a man of steel, his dark complexion set off by clothes of coarse cloth, looking like someone from the countryside. He could withstand any hardship and never sought ease and comfort. In this respect he was like a countryman, too. Again like a countryman, he had a heart as warm as fire radiating warmth, power and light. He was a man of few words, but of all smiles. His smile was natural and friendly. In his view, people could love each other, except those with deep prejudices and those who could not bring themselves out in the open. He hated these people, and to them he wouldn't show anything like gentleness. In this world, only those who could hate could love. Those who did not know what to love and what to hate were useless people. Husheng thought that young people had little prejudice but lots of future promise, so he was willing to devote his life to them without reservation, letting the religion of love grow and flourish among them so that they could all go to a new world. Husheng was not fond of talking too much, instead, he put his mind on work, and work, and nothing but work—an embodiment of the Confucian spirit. Though I never had a chance to talk with him very closely, I was convinced that I understood him from the way he carried himself and conducted matters.
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2014年12月28日南京师范大学翻译硕士专业--英语翻译基础试卷
