full play the initiative of various sectors of the society. Thanks to these efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river basins has achieved some initial success, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people?s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased further.（考试主办机构提供）
【参考译文2】The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection will have a direct impact on the overall situation of China's modernization drive and its long-term development, and considers environmental protection an undertaking that will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also their children and grandchildren. Years ago, the Chinese government established environmental protection as a basic national policy and sustainable development as an important strategy, and has adhered to the road of a new type of industrialization. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a whole array of measures to strengthen environmental protection. Especially in recent years, the Chinese government has adhered to focusing on preventive measures, comprehensive control and overall progress with breakthroughs at some key points, and worked hard to solve conspicuous environmental problems threatening people's health. At the same time, it has continued its efforts for institutional innovation, relied on scientific and technological advances, strengthened the legal system of environmental protection, and brought into full play the initiative of people of all walks of life. Thanks to these efforts, although the amount of resource consumption and pollutants is increasing greatly, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological
4
更多请进大家学习网http://club.topsage.com
destruction is slowing down; especially, environmental pollution control in some river valleys has seen some positive results, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved, and the people's awareness of the importance of environmental protection has enhanced.（白皮书译文） 【评析】
1.“高度重视”除可译为attach great importance to?外，亦可译为set（或put/lay） great/high store by/on?、lay（或put/place） stress on/upon?、give prominence to?和think highly of?。
2. have a bearing on?需牢记，该短语的含义是to have an effect or influence on sth.。
3.“基本国策”的译法basic national/state policy需牢记。 4.“突出（的）”也可以译为salient。
5. “社会各方面”两种译文处理方法不同，均可参考。people of all walks of life系固定搭配。
6. bring sth. into full play系固定搭配，用来翻译“发挥??的积极性”很妥帖。
7. “经过努力”切不可字对字死译，否则必是中式英语。译为Thanks to these efforts,?才是准确的译文。
8. “进一步增强”译为??has increased further不如译为?has enhanced简洁、地道。
5
更多请进大家学习网http://club.topsage.com
2006年9月
李鹏按：试题原文选自胡锦涛主席在耶鲁大学的演讲。
【原文】中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。中国人在对外关系中始终秉承“强不凌弱”、“富不侮贫”的精神，主张“协和万邦”。中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。今天，中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，既通过维护世界和平来发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。中国坚持实施互利共赢的对外开放战略，真诚愿意同各国广泛开展合作，真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长，以合作谋和平、以合作促发展，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
【参考译文】The Chinese civilization has always given prominence to good neighborliness. The Chinese nation cherishes peace. In foreign relations, the Chinese have always believed that \weak, and the rich should not bully the poor\and advocated that \nations live side by side in perfect harmony\should be as inclusive as the ocean which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers\Today, China commits itself firmly to peaceful development. It seeks to accelerate its development by upholding world peace. The world peace is, in turn, enhanced by China's development. China firmly pursues a strategy of opening-up for mutual benefit and win-win outcomes. It genuinely wishes to enter into extensive cooperation with other countries. It is inclusive and is eager to draw on the strength of other civilizations to pursue peace and development through cooperation, and play its part in
6
更多请进大家学习网http://club.topsage.com
building a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity. 【评析】
1. “中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。”是一句话，但译文拆为两句，原因在于The Chinese civilization可以和 has always given prominence to good neighborliness搭配使用，但不宜和cherishes peace搭配，所以必须另选主语The Chinese nation再起一句。中文中可以说“中华文明讲求??”但英语中却不能照搬。初学者往往不注意这点，总认为原文是一句，译文自然也是一句。我们既要学会合并的技巧，也要掌握拆分的技巧，目的就是使译文符合英语习惯。此例有代表性。
2.“the＋形容词”表示具有一类性质的人或物，做名词使用。原文中“强”、“弱”、“富”、“贫”四词皆照此规则翻译而成。
3. “协和万邦”译为all nations live side by side in perfect harmony，这是吃透原文含义后的佳译。
4. 牢记“海纳百川，有容乃大”的译法one should be as inclusive as the ocean which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers。
5. “吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义”文字极雅，初学者往往不知如何下手，其实这十二个字说的就是“吸取别国的长处”，据此译为draw upon the strength of others。处理下文的“兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长”也是一个道理。此后遇到此类问题均可先转化为自己的语言再翻译。另请联想记忆“取长补短”的几种译法：
①draw on/upon the strong points to make up for one?s own weak points ②learn from each other?s strong points to offset one?s weakness ③overcome one?s own shortcomings by learning from others? strong points
6. 牢记“互利共赢”的译法mutual benefit and win-win outcomes。 7. “以合作谋和平、以合作促发展”就是“通过合作来谋求和平和发展”，
7
更多请进大家学习网http://club.topsage.com
据此译为pursue peace and development through cooperation，特别注意pursue（to continue doing an activity or trying to achieve sth. over a long period of time）的用法。
8.“推动”无法照搬词典译文，必须思考原文内涵后再动笔，此处用play one?s part in doing sth.结构译出较为合理，该短语的释义是：if sth. or sb. plays a part in sth. else, they are involved in it。
8
更多请进大家学习网http://club.topsage.com
高级口译真题解析完整版
