上海市高级口译笔试
汉译英题型
五年真题解析（2003-2007） 李鹏 编写
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译道探微博客：
http://blog.hjenglish.com/lipeng http://catti.blog.tianya.cn
序言
编写这本小书，纯属偶然。
前几天，有网友就上海市高级口译考试笔试汉译英试题向我询问了一些问题。对高口考试我本不陌生，我在备考专业八级考试和人事部翻译资格考试时均曾选用高口真题作为参考资料。借答疑之机，我将高口笔试历年的汉译英试题梳理了一遍，幵对近五年的试题略作评析，整理成这份资料，愿对备考上海高口的网友有所帮助。1997年至2002年的真题的内容和近年真题有一定距离，参考价值有限，但我还是将原文和参考译文整理好，作为附录收入。
考生普遍反映汉译英试题较难，得高分不易。纵观十年真题，总的趋势是难度越来越大，题材越来越广，考生叫难自然在情理之中。但这确实又是考生必须要越过的高峰。汉译英水平提高必然意味着英语整体水平上升。在备考过程中，考生还是要把提高英语质量作为第一要务。平时要多动笔、勤思考，切莫抱有侥并心理，更不要猜题押题。
“勤能补拙是良训，一分辛劳一分才。”愿与各位读者共勉。
李鹏 谨识
二〇〇八年七月六日
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2007年9月
李鹏按：试题原文根据网文《上海男人与上海女人》改编而成。 【原文】据说，上海男人是最好丈夫。他们总是知道该如何讨妻子的欢心，从而避免了矛盾，一家人其乐融融。所以从某种程度上讲，上海男人是社会安定和谐的象征。当妻子快乐时，他也快乐，因而整个城市也充满了快乐气氛。
虽然上海男人被戏谑为“妻管严”，但他并不屈从于妻子。在与妻子有争议时，他要么保持沉默，要么一笑置之。有时候他会发火，但事后不久，他也会毫不迟疑地道歉。最终他妻子发现，她还是按照他的想法行事。
上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。最令人印象深刻的是，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。 【参考译文】Shanghai men are said to be the best of husbands. They know how to win the favor of their wives and avoid conflicts so that happiness pervades their families. Shanghai men can be regarded as the symbol of social security and harmony. They are joyful whenever their wives are, thus filling the whole city of Shanghai with happiness.
Shanghai men are jokingly called hen-pecked husbands. However, they will never yield to their wives but remain silent or smile away the quarrels. And they will apologize without hesitation shortly after they lose their temper, which is a rarity. Finally, their wives find themselves complying with what their husbands say.
Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but what impresses most is that they are aggressive in their career and responsible to their families and respectful to females.
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【评析】
1. 首句可以用It is said that?译出。
2. 前两句可以合并译为一句，即Shanghai men，who are said to be the best of husbands，know how to win the favor of their wives and avoid conflicts so that happiness pervades their families. 3. “讨??的欢心”亦可译为win sb.?s heart。 4. “社会安定”宜译为social stability。 5. “快乐气氛”亦可译为felicity。
6. 用smile away翻译“一笑置之”很妥当，另举两例：
smile away one?s embarrassment 以微笑解除窘态 Smile your tears away. 笑笑吧，别哭了。
此外还可换用dismiss sth. with a laugh/smile或laugh off（to pretend that sth. is less serious than it really is by laughing or joking about it）。 7. “发火”的表达方式有多种，除lose temper之外，还有get angry、flare up、hit the ceiling、fly into a rage和go through the roof等多种。 8. “毫不迟疑地”除可用without hesitation之外，亦可用unhesitatingly。 9.“务实”宜译为pragmatic（dealing with problems in a sensible, practical way instead of strictly following a set of ideas）。
10. “圆滑”亦可译为smooth and wily、slick and sly或tactful。 11. “有进取心”亦可译为enterprising（Someone who is enterprising shows the ability to think of new things to do and has an eagerness to do them）。 12. “女性”亦可译为the fair sex。
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2007年3月
李鹏按：试题原文选自《中国的环境保护（1996－2005）》白皮书。 【原文】中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，领先科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。 经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。 【参考译文1】The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a bearing on the overall situation of China?s modernization drive and its long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also bring benefit to their children and grand children. The Chinese government has established environmental protection as a basic national policy. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a series of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chinese government has made great efforts to solve those outstanding environmental problems that threaten people?s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law in environmental protection and brought into
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高级口译真题解析完整版
