专题练习七 动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
A
(2019·哈六中高三月考)
A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. Its function varies widely __1__ (depend) on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place __2__ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It __3__ (consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people's leisure lives.
Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea stands in the Western Jin Dynasty, __4__ (take) shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed __5__ (gradual) in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties and became booming in modern times.
In the Song Dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages, __6__ a rate comparable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses with paintings of celebrities and rare and precious plants __7__ (attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more __8__ (popular) and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation of Western culture forces traditional Chinese teahouses to take on __9__ new look. After reform and opening-up, with the rapid development of the economy and __10__ (evidence) improvement of people's living standards, teahouses flowered in China.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了代表中国茶文化的茶馆的作用及其发展历史。 1．depending 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：茶馆的功能根据文化的不同而有很大的变化。depend与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故应用动词的-ing形式作状语。答案为depending。
2．where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：茶馆是人们聚集在一起喝茶、聊天和进行社交的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
3．is_considered 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：它被看作是中国茶文化和人们的闲暇生活的象征。此处描述一般的客观事实，应用一般现在时态；it与consider之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填is considered。
4．took 解析：考查时态。句意：它们从西晋茶摊发展而来，形成于唐代，逐渐发展到宋、元、明、清，并在近代蓬勃发展。此处是并列的表示过去的谓语动词，故答案为took。
5．gradually 解析：考查副词。句意：它们从西晋茶摊发展而来，形成于唐代，逐渐发展到宋、元、明、清，并在近代蓬勃发展。此处副词修饰动词，故答案为gradually。
6．at 解析：考查介词。句意：宋代，茶馆遍布城乡，其发展速度与餐馆相当。a rate多与介词at连用，表示“以……速度”，故填at。
7．to_attract 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引顾客，茶馆的主人们更喜欢用名画和珍稀植物来装饰茶馆。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为to attract。
8．popularity 解析：考查名词。句意：明清时期，茶馆的数量已经超越了餐馆的数量，越来越受欢迎，也越来越出名。结合句意可知此处用名词作及物动词gain的宾语，故答案为popularity。
9．a 解析：考查不定冠词。句意：后来，西方文化的适应迫使中国传统茶馆呈现出一个新的面貌。结合句意可知此处填不定冠词a。
10．evident 解析：考查形容词。句意：改革开放后，随着经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的明显提高，茶馆在中国遍地开花。此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为evident。
B
(2019·眉山市高中第一次诊断性考试)
Chinese super star Fan Bingbing __1__ (fine) around 883 million yuan for tax nonpayment and other offences, authorities said Wednesday. The star, __2__ (disappear) in July, posted a long apology on social media. Ms Fan, one of China's highest paid __3__ (actor), will escape criminal charges __4__ the fines are paid on time, said state news agency Xinhua.
The actress had been concerned __5__ a government investigation (调查) of how stars reported income in their contracts (合同). Some film stars were charged to have used so-called “yin-yang contracts”—a practice where one contract sets out an actor's real income, and another lists a __6__ (low) figure, with the latter submitted to the tax authorities. Authorities have now ordered Ms Fan and the companies she controls __7__ (pay) the huge sum in taxes and fines.
On Wednesday, the star posted an open apology to her tens of millions of fans on her Weibo account saying: “I've been suffering great pain recently...I'm so ashamed of __8__ I've done. Here, I sincerely __9__ (apology) to everyone. I __10__ (complete) accept all the decisions made according to law, after the investigation done by tax authorities. I will follow the order, try my best to overcome difficulties, raise money and pay taxes and fines.”
本文是一则新闻，介绍中国超级巨星范冰冰因逃税被罚巨款的故事。
1．has_been_fined/was_fined 解析：考查动词时态。句意：周三，官方结果公布，
中国超级巨星范冰冰因逃税和其他违法行为被罚款8.83亿人民币。表示结果，用现在完成时。根据句意，这里应该用现在完成时的被动语态。was fined也可以接受。
2．disappearing 解析：考查现在分词。句意：七月份消失的范冰冰，在社交媒体上发布了一封很长的道歉信。分析句子可知，disappear作非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式disappearing。
3．actors 解析：考查名词单复数。句意：据国家新闻机构新华社报道，范冰冰——中国收入最高的演员之一，如果能按期缴纳全部罚款就不会被追究刑事责任。one of后面的名词用复数形式，故用actors。
4．if 解析：考查连词。句意：据国家新闻机构新华社报道，范冰冰——中国收入最高的演员之一，如果能按期缴纳全部罚款就不会被追究刑事责任。前后句为条件关系，故用if。
5．with/in 解析：考查动词词组中的介词。句意：这位女演员因政府对明星在合同中申报的收入展开了调查而受牵连。be concerned with/in与……有关，故用with或者in。
6．lower 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：一些演员被起诉签订阴阳合同，一份合同是演员真实的收入，而另一份合同的金额低得多，用于上报税务机关。表示比较用比较级，故用lower。
7．to_pay 解析：考查不定式的用法。句意：现在税务机关命令范冰冰及其公司缴纳巨额的税务和罚款。order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事，故用to pay。
8．what/all 解析：考查代词用作宾语。句意：我为我的所作所为感到不齿。分析句子可知，I've done作of的宾语，从句缺乏宾语，故用what；也可以用all，隐藏了关系词that。
9．apologize 解析：考查动词用作谓语。句意：在这里，我真诚地向大家道歉。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，陈述现在的事情，故用一般现在时，故用apologize。
10．completely 解析：考查副词用作状语。句意：我完全接受根据法律所做出的决定。修饰动词用副词，故用completely。
C
(2019·攀枝花市高三第二次统考)
Since the beginning of the 21st century, artificial intelligence (AI) __1__ (find) its way in different areas in the entertainment industry. Disney, which is one of the world's leading entertainment __2__ (company), has decided to make use __3__ the technology in its theme parks, where robot cartoon characters will soon walk among guests. Disney has also its robot Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck to communicate with tourists.
“I think AI is going to be __4__ (great) important for what we do，” said Jon
Snoddy, an official of the entertainment company. “Robot characters that can move around among our guests need to understand where they're going and know __5__ to behave in a world with humans.”
However, the company also __6__ (know) some of the fears surrounding AI. __7__ (scare) kids won't be part of what we do, said Mr Snoddy. “We will go and do tests in our parks to find out what kids find __8__ (interest) about these things. We will carry out tests __9__ (make) sure the robot characters make a positive __10__ (impress) on kids.”
本文是一篇说明文。进入21世纪以来，人工智能(AI)已经在娱乐产业的不同领域找到了自己的发展方向。文章介绍了人工智能在娱乐领域的发展方向。
1．has_found 解析：考查时态。句意：进入21世纪以来，人工智能(AI)已经在娱乐产业的不同领域找到了自己的发展方向。根据Since“自从……以来”可知，句子用现在完成时态，且主语artificial intelligence (AI)是单数第三人称形式，故答案为has found。
2．companies 解析：考查名词复数。句意：作为世界领先的娱乐公司之一，迪士尼决定在其主题公园中使用这项技术，在那里，机器人卡通人物将很快地在游客中行走。根据one of可知后面用名词复数，故答案为companies。
3．of 解析：考查固定词组。句意：作为世界领先的娱乐公司之一，迪士尼决定在其主题公园中使用这项技术，在那里，机器人卡通人物将很快地在游客中行走。固定词组：make use of“利用”。故答案为of。
4．greatly 解析：考查词性转换。此处important是形容词，副词修饰形容词，故答案为greatly。
5．how 解析：考查疑问词＋动词不定式。句意：能够在我们的客人之间移动的机器人角色需要了解他们要去哪里，并且知道在一个有人类的世界中如何表现。此处是连接词“how＋动词不定式”作宾语，意思是“如何表现”，在这里表示一种方式。故答案为how。
6．knows 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，该公司也知道围绕人工智能的一些担忧。句子用一般现在时态，且主语是the company，单数第三人称，故答案为knows。
7．Scaring 解析：考查动名词。句意：斯诺迪表示：吓唬孩子不会是我们工作的一部分。此处是动名词作主语，故答案为Scaring。
8．interesting 解析：考查形容词作宾语补足语。句意：我们会去公园里做测试，看看孩子们对这些东西有什么兴趣。此处是形容词作宾语补足语，故答案为interesting。
9．to_make 解析：考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：我们将进行测试，确保机器人角色给孩子留下积极的印象。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to make。
10．impression 解析：考查名词。句意：我们将进行测试，确保机器人角色给孩子留下积极的印象。固定词组：make/leave an impression on“给……留下印象”。故答案为
impression。
D
(2019·哈六中高三月考)
Recently campus safety has become public concern since a series of violent attacks happened, which causes serious damage. It makes us aware of the fact that safety should always come firstly in our daily life.
In this case, we should take effective measure which can solve this problem. Firstly, our students should realize we must follow our school or traffic rules, and pay attention to food safety, because many incidents happen just because of we are too careless. Secondly, you should take training of security so that we can keep calm if faced with conflicts. Thirdly, our government and schools should provide surroundings that our students can be buried in studying.
As far as I am concerned, improving campus safety is very important that we all should try our best to make anyone on campus safe and sound.
答案
Recently campus safety has become ∧ public concern since a series of violent
a
attacks happened, which causes serious damage. It makes us aware of the fact that
caused
safety should always come firstly in our daily life.
first
In this case, we should take effective measure which can solve this problem.
measures
Firstly, our students should realize we must follow our school or traffic rules,
and
and pay attention to food safety, because many incidents happen just because of＼ we are too careless. Secondly, you should take training of security so that we can keep
we
calm if faced with conflicts. Thirdly, our government and schools should provide surroundings that our students can be buried in studying.
where
As far as I am concerned, improving campus safety is very important that we all
so
should try our best to make anyone on campus safe and sound.
everyone
E
(2019·哈三中高三期中)
It is a pity that you don't want to take part in the speech contest. As far as I am concern, the speech contest can benefit from you in different ways. To begin
(新课标)2020高考英语二轮复习专题练习7动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
