Catti英语二级笔译真题与精校翻译答案
2019年6月+2019年11月
专家精校版
目录
2019年6月Catti英语二级笔译真题与精校翻译答案 ..... 2 2019年11月Catti英语二级笔译真题和精校翻译答案 ... 11
2019年6月Catti英语二级笔译真题与精校翻译答案
一、 英译汉首篇文章
In 2009, Time magazine hailed an online math program piloted at three New York City public schools, as one of the year’s 50 best innovations. Each day, the software generated individualized math “playlists” for students who then chose the “modality” in which they wished to learn — software, a virtual teacher or a flesh-and-blood one. A different algorithm sorted teachers’ specialties and schedules to match a student’s needs. “It generates the lessons, the tests and it grades the tests,” one veteran instructor marveled. 2009年，美国《时代》周刊对三所位于纽约市的公立学校所试行的一项在线数学课程盛赞不已，并将其称为是该年度的50大最佳创新成果之一。该数学课程软件每天都会为学生量身定制个性化的数学课“播放列表”，而后，学生便可根据自身想要学习的内容选择适合的“模式”。 该软件因此也就成为了一名虚拟的老师，但却又展现出有血有肉的真情实感。借助一种不同寻常的算法，该课程软件可对所有老师的专业课程与排课日程进行分门别类，以迎合每位学生的个体需求。一名资深的老师曾为此惊叹不已并称道：“该软件不但能为学生生成课程，还能出具测验内容，更可对测验结果进行打分”。
Although the program made only modest improvements in students’ math scores and was adopted by only a handful of New York schools (not the 50 for which it was slated), it serves as a notable example of a pattern that Andrea Gabor charts in “After the Education Wars.” For more than three decades, an unlikely coalition of corporate philanthropists, educational technology entrepreneurs and public education bureaucrats has spearheaded a brand of
school reform characterized by the overvaluing of technology and standardized testing and a devaluing of teachers and communities. The trend can be traced back to a hyperbolic 1983 report, “A Nation at Risk,” issued by President Ronald Reagan’s National Commission on Excellence in Education. Against the backdrop of an ascendant Japanese economy and consistent with President Reagan’s disdain for public education (and teachers’ unions), “A Nation at Risk” blamed America’s ineffectual schools for a “rising tide of mediocrity” that was diminishing America’s global role in a new high-tech world.
尽管该课程并未在大幅提升学生的数学成绩方面起到立竿见影的效果，而且也只有少数几所纽约的学校采用了（并非预期的50所学校）该课程，然而，这却是安德烈埃加博尔在《教育战争》一书中所描绘的有关教学改革模式的一个典型实例。三十多年以来，一股看似不大可能结成统一战线的、由众多企业慈善家、教育技术企业家与公共教育官员们率先发起的学校教学改革风潮，其特征就在于极其重视技术和标准化测验，同时，弱化教师与社会的职能。而这一风气甚至可以追溯至罗纳德里根政府执政时期的“国家教育卓越委员会”于1983年所发布的一份言辞浮夸的报告即：《处于危险中的美国》。在日本经济腾飞的大背景下，里根总统曾对美国的公共教育（与教师工会）尽显不屑之情。与此遥相呼应地是《处于危险中的美国》也将美国“平庸之辈层出不穷”归咎于美国学校教育的无能，斥责庸人正在不断地削弱美国在全球高新科技领域里的影响力。
Policymakers turned their focus to public education as a matter of national security, one too important (and potentially too profitable) to entrust to educators. The notion that top-down decisions by politicians, not teachers, should determine what children need was a thread running through the bipartisan 2001 No Child Left Behind Act, the Obama administration’s Race to the Top and state-initiated Common Core standards, and the current charter-driven agenda of Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos. “Accountability”
became synonymous with standardized tests, resulting in a testing juggernaut with large profits going to commercial publishing giants like Pearson.
决策者随后放眼公共教育领域。在决策者们看来，公共教育已上升至国家安全的高度。教育如此事关重大（或潜在的高盈利性）已完全无法让决策者安心地将发展公共教育的任务托付于教育部门。甚至有观点认为，儿童教育的需求应当由政治人物（而不是教师群体）进行自上而下的政策来加以决断。自2001年美国两党支持通过的“有教无类法案”，到奥巴马政府时期的“力争上游”计划与州政府发起的通用核心课程标准，再到现任美国教育部长贝琪德沃斯所推行的特许学校议程，这一观念始终无出左右。“责任制”已成为标准化测验的代名词，这也导致了皮尔逊等教育测试领域里的大体量、高利润机构进驻转型为商业出版巨头。 The education wars have been demoralizing for teachers, over 17 percent of whom drop out within their first five years. No one believes that teaching to the test is good pedagogy, but what are the options when students’ future educational choices, teachers’ salaries and retention and, in some states, the fate of entire schools rest on student test scores? In meticulous detail, Gabor documents reform’s institutional failings. She describes the turns in New York City’s testing-obsessed policies, the undermining of Michigan’s once fine public schools and the heartbreaking failure of New Orleans to remake its schools after Hurricane Katrina.
教育引发的战争使教员队伍士气低落，有超过17%的老师在其入职不到五年的时间里选择了离职。尽管人们都认为应试教育不是一种行之有效的教学模式，然而，当学生在为自己的继续教育做决定时，当决定老师的薪资与留任与否时；乃至美国某些州整所学校的前途与命运都被学生的测验成绩所左右时，师生们真可谓是别无选择。加博尔在书中极为详尽地赘述了教育改革的制度缺陷：纽约市教育测验的狂热政策引发了诸多转变；密歇根州公立学校的昔日优势难以为续。卡特里娜飓风肆虐过后，新奥尔良市在改造学校中亦遭遇着令人揪心的困境。 英译汉 第二篇文章
Angkor is one of the most important archaeological sites in Southeast Asia. For several centuries, Angkor was the centre of the Khmer Kingdom. With impressive monuments, several different ancient urban plans and large water reservoirs, the site is a unique concentration of features testifying to an exceptional civilization. Temples, exemplars of Khmer architecture, are closely linked to their geographical context as well as being imbued with symbolic significance. The architecture and layout of the successive capitals bear witness to a high level of social order and ranking within the Khmer Empire. Angkor is therefore a major site exemplifying cultural, religious and symbolic values, as well as containing high architectural, archaeological and artistic significance.
吴哥乃东南亚最为重要的考古遗址之一。几个世纪以来，吴哥一直都是高棉王国的都城。吴哥，历史遗迹令人印象尤为深刻，众多古城池与大型水库遗址一道留存至今。如此甚众的稀世遗迹汇聚于此，昭示着吴哥曾经存在过的高度文明。寺庙，作为高棉的典型建筑，与其所处的周遭地理环境不仅息息相关，更意义非凡。吴哥历代的都城建筑与布局风格，无不见证着高棉帝国的社会秩序与等级。吴哥，作为一处意义重大的历史遗迹，不仅建筑密布，考古与艺术内涵丰富，而且彰显出高度的文化、宗教与象征价值。
The Angkor complex encompasses all major architectural buildings and hydrological engineering systems from the Khmer period. All the individual aspects illustrate the intactness of the site very much reflecting the splendor of the cities that once were. The site integrity however, is put under dual pressures: endogenous: exerted by more than 100,000 inhabitants distributed over 112 historic settlements scattered over the site, who constantly try to expand their dwelling areas; exogenous: related to the proximity of the town of Siem Reap, the seat of the province and a tourism hub.
吴哥建筑群落囊括了高棉时期所有重大建筑与水文工程系统，全方位地展现了该地遗址的完整性，同时，亦全然呈现出历代城池的辉煌与历史。然而，遗址的完整性目前正面临着双重压力。压力之一源自遗迹本身：遗址区域内散布着112个历史聚居点，居住着超过10万人的居民，而居民们也无不都在处心积虑地扩大自身的地盘；压力之二源自外部：吴哥毗邻暹粒镇。而暹粒镇不仅是暹粒省首府，更是一处旅游中心。
Angkor is one of the largest archaeological sites in operation in the world. Tourism represents an enormous economic potential but it can also generate irreparable destructions of the tangible as well as intangible cultural heritage. Many research projects have been undertaken, since the international safeguarding program was first launched in 1993. The scientific objectives of the research (e.g. anthropological studies on socio-economic conditions) result in a better knowledge and understanding of the history of the site, and its inhabitants that constitute a rich exceptional legacy of the intangible heritage. The purpose is to associate the “intangible culture” to the enhancement of the monuments in order to sensitize the local population to the importance and necessity of its protection and preservation and assist in the development of the site as Angkor is a living heritage site where Khmer people in general, but especially the local population, are known to be particularly conservative with respect to ancestral traditions and where they adhere to a great number of archaic cultural practices that have disappeared elsewhere.
吴哥为世界上最大的处于经营性质的考古遗址之一。旅游业的蓬勃预示着巨大的经济潜力，但同时，旅游业也可能会对物质和非物质文化遗产造成难以弥补的破坏。自1993年启动有关实施吴哥遗迹的国际保护计划以来，数年间，已就吴哥开展了名目繁多的研究项目。科学的研究目标（如社会经济条件下的人类学研究）使人们得以更好地认识与了解吴哥遗址的历史以及那些缔造诸此璀璨非物质文化遗产的当地居民。吴哥堪称历史文化的活化石，这里的高棉人（尤其是当地人）在继承先祖传统方面表现地尤为守旧，而他们所坚守的大量古老文化习俗在其他
地方早已消亡殆尽，因此，开展这些旨在将“非物质文化”与历史遗迹的保护结合起来的研究，方能使当地居民意识到吴哥遗迹保护的重要性与必要性，从而为当地遗址的开发工作助一臂之力。
Moreover, the Angkor Archaeological Park is very rich in medicinal plants, used by the local population for treatment of diseases. The Preah Khan temple is considered to have been a university of medicine and the NeakPoan an ancient hospital.
此外，吴哥考古公园药用植被遍布，种类繁多。当地人就地取材，治疗疾病。圣剑寺曾为一所医药学府，而尼克潘则是一家古老的医院。 中译英 首篇文章
预计到2020年，全国60岁以上老年人口将增加到2.55亿人左右，占总人口比重提升到17.8%左右；高龄老年人将增加到2900万人左右，独居和空巢老年人将增加到1.18亿人左右。涉老法规政策系统性、协调性、针对性、可操作性有待增强；城乡、区域老龄事业发展和养老体系建设不均衡问题突出；养老服务有效供给不足，质量效益不高，人才队伍短缺；老龄工作体制机制不健全，社会参与不充分，基层基础比较薄弱。
The China’s population of elderly people aged over 60 years will be increased to 255 million by 2020 as the expected that accounts for raised 17.8% of the total population; the oldest population will be increased to approximate 29 million, and the number of seniors living alone and empty-nested elderly people will rise to about 118 million, so that the systematicness, coordination, pertinence and operability of regulations and policies on the elderly people must be further enhanced. Nevertheless, because of the prominent imbalance between the regional development of the aging cause and the construction of the pension system in urban and rural areas, service for the aged is faced with insufficiency of the effective supply, low quality and effectiveness, manpower
shortage, imperfect system and mechanism of aging work, inadequate social participation and relatively weak foundation of grass-roots unit.
规划提出目标，到2020年，老龄事业发展整体水平明显提升，养老体系更加健全完善，及时应对、科学应对、综合应对人口老龄化的社会基础更加牢固。 According to goals proposed in the planning, by 2020, the overall level of the development of the cause of ageing will be significantly improved and the pension system will be more sound and perfect, so the social foundation for timely, scientific and comprehensive responses to the aging of the population will be more solid.
城镇职工和城乡居民基本养老保险参保率达到90%，基本医疗保险参保率稳定在95%以上，社会保险、社会福利、社会救助等社会保障制度和公益慈善事业有效衔接，老年人的基本生活、基本医疗、基本照护等需求得到切实保障。 The coverage rate of participating in basic pension insurance of urban workers and rural residents has reached 90% and the rate of basic medical insurance is stable over 95%, the social security system such as social insurance and social welfare as well as social assistance and so on are effectively linked with public welfare charities, in this way, the elderly people’s needs like basic life and basic medical care, etc can be effectively guaranteed.
老龄事业发展和养老体系建设的法治化、信息化、标准化、规范化程度明显提高。市场活力和社会创造力得到充分激发，养老服务和产品供给主体更加多元、内容更加丰富、质量更加优良，以信用为核心的新型市场监管机制建立完善。 Not
only
the
legalization,
informationization,
standardization
and
standardization of the development of the cause of aging and the construction of the old-age pension system have been significantly improved, but also market vigor and social creativity have been fully stimulated. In a word, the
main body of pension service and product supply is more diversified, the content is richer and the quality is better. A new market supervision mechanism with credit as the core has been established and perfected. 全社会积极应对人口老龄化、自觉支持老龄事业发展和养老体系建设的意识意愿显著增强，敬老养老助老社会风尚更加浓厚，安全绿色便利舒适的老年宜居环境建设扎实推进，老年文化体育教育事业更加繁荣发展，老年人合法权益得到有效保护，老年人参与社会发展的条件持续改善。
Under the background that the consciousness and willingness of the whole society have been significantly enhanced to actively respond to the aging of population, consciously support the development of the cause of aging and the construction of the pension system, social morality of respecting and supporting the elderly has become stronger, the construction of a safe, green, convenient and comfortable living environment for the elderly has been steadily advanced and the cultural and physical education of the elderly has therefore become more prosperous and developed. With effective protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly, conditions for participating in social development of the elderly will be improved continuously. 中翻英部分 第二篇文章
中国的改革发端于农村，目的在于调节农民和土地之间的关系。1978年之前，数亿中国人还在为温饱问题发愁，如今，经过40年的发展,中国有7亿多农村贫困人口实现脱贫。从1978年至1985年，农村经济体制的深刻变革，为农村经济的增长和贫困人口的大幅减少提供了强劲动力。按当时标准，有50%未解决温饱的农村人口在这期间解决了温饱问题。按现在的扶贫标准，有超过1亿农村人口在这期间摆脱了贫困。这不仅为全面建设小康社会打下了坚实的基础，而且为全人类的扶贫和发展做出了巨大贡献。
Originated from rural areas, China’s reform is to adjust the relationship between farmer and land. Before 1978, hundreds of millions of Chinese people were still struggling to meet their basic and daily needs. After 40 years of development, more than 700 million people living in China’s rural areas have gotten out of poverty. From 1978 to 1985, the profound reform of China’s rural economic system provided a strong impetus to economic growth and dramatic reduction of the poverty-stricken population. In accordance with the standards at that time, 50% rural population in poverty met their basic needs during that period. Even according to the current standards for poverty alleviation, more than 100 million of rural people got out of poverty during the period, which not only laid a solid foundation for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, but also made huge contributions to poverty alleviation and development of all mankind.
1978年，安徽凤阳县小岗村的18户农民走出了中国农村改革的第一步。破除了计划经济体制的诸多束缚，实行以家庭联产承包责任制为基础的家庭经营，获得了可以自由耕种的承包土地，极大调动了生产积极性,使他们以巨大的热情投入到农业生产之中。
In 1978, farmers from 18 households in Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, took their first stride of China’s rural reform and they eradicated many constraints on the planned economic system and then implemented family management on the basis of the household contract responsibility system to receive contracted land where they could freely cultivate, which greatly mobilized their enthusiasm for agricultural production.
2019年11月Catti英语二级笔译真题和精校翻译答案
英译汉 第一篇
Where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In modern world, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion.
金融关联所及之处，人们的生活质量便会得以迅速的提升。现代世界，有着多种异乎重要的渠道，可实现这种更大程度上的金融连通性。今天，我要强调其中两个渠道即：提升资本流动性与增强金融的包容性。
First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs.
第一个渠道是促使资本以更为自由的姿态进行流动。允许资本跨境流动，有助于推动资本包容性的增长。目前，发展中国家的外国直接投资仅占国内生产总值的1.9％。而在全球金融危机爆发之前，这个数字是2.5％。要在大型基础设施需求方面取得进展，就必须让资本的流动再度活跃起来，并对资本流动进行安全管制。增进资本流动的开放性可降低金融成本，改善金融部门效率，让资本支持生产性投资，创造新的就业机会。
Second, we also need increased financial inclusion. Challenges come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income
Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand, the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011.
第二个渠道是增进金融的包容性。开放资本市场会带来了一系列挑战。所幸地是我们从经验中了解到了成功应对挑战的必备要素，包括健全的金融监管、透明的投资规则以及对财政可持续性地关注。我们来看一组数字：在中低等收入的亚太国家，有将近一半的成年人是没有开立银行账户的，不到10％的人有着向金融机构借贷的经历。但我们深知，缩小金融鸿沟是21世纪实现国家繁荣发展的“不可或缺的经济举措”。国际货币基金组织的分析就显示，如果金融包容性最差的亚洲各国能够缩小金融鸿沟，并能达到泰国的水平，那么，这些国家的贫困率将缩减近4％。而如何才能做到这一点呢？部分可通过各种政策让女性和农村人口获得金融服务。发展中国家女性的金融性别缺口约为9％，这种情况自2011年以来，就基本维持不变。
There is no quick fix, but we know that Fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new
borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. 解决该问题，不可能一蹴而就，然而，我们深知金融科技可以发挥催化剂的作用。就好比在柬埔寨，为支持移动金融的发展，该国推出了多项强有力的公私合营项目，因此，微型金融机构数量，自2011年以来，就增长了两倍之多。这些机构为200多万公民提供贷款服务，这
一人数几乎占到了柬埔寨成年人口的20％。诸多公民之前从未开立过银行账户。而现在，他们不仅可以攒钱，为未来未雨绸缪，甚至还可以自主创业。 These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. The IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda last October. The agenda lays out key principles - from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity - that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion.
这些想法在哪都是适用的。但是，世界各国必须相互协作，且相互学习。去年十月，国际货币基金组织和世界银行联合发布了《巴厘岛金融科技纲领》 ，该纲领制定了若干重要原则，从发展金融市场到维护金融的健全性，不一而足，可助力每个国家争取更大程度的金融包容性。
英译汉第二篇文章
NASA is going to pretend a deadly asteroid is on its way, to practise for a real one.
美国宇航局打算开展一场旨在模拟小行星来袭的灾难应急演习。
The “tabletop exercise” will allow the space agency and the other government organizations that will be tasked with responding to such an event to simulate their response, ahead of the possibility of a real example.
在这次“桌面演习”中，航空局与其他政府机关将进行一场模拟应急演习，其任务是对类似事件做出响应，以做到有备无患，防微杜渐。
The scenario will see a very realistic but nonetheless fictional disaster, in which an asteroid will be headed for Earth. The scenario has been developed by one of the NASA organisations tasked with studying such near-earth objects, or NEOs. 虽然是模拟演习，但虚构的小行星撞击地球的灾难性场景却异常逼真。该场景由美国宇航局管辖的一家专门研究近地物体的机构进行开发。
It will bring together not just NASA but other international organisations to test out their response. Such exercises are used across the disaster response sector to ensure that the real responses are as fast and effective as possible.
接受应急演习考验的不止是美国宇航局，还有其他国际机构。如此的演习将普遍用于抗灾部门，确保真枪实弹的应急措施能尽可能迅疾而有效地落到实处。 “These exercises have really helped us in the planetary defense community to understand what our colleagues on the disaster management side need to know,” said Lindley Johnson, NASA’s Planetary Defense Officer. “This exercise will help us develop more effective communications with each other and with our governments.”
美国宇航局的行星防御官林德利.约翰逊则表示：“在行星防御领域，这样的演习能够切实有效地帮助负责灾难管理的同事们了解他们想要掌握的内容，有助于我们在彼此之间以及与政府部门之间进行更加有效地沟通。”
NASA and other organisations have spent more than 20 years scanning the skies for NEOs, looking for asteroids and comets that come within 30 million miles of Earth s orbit. Groups such as NASA s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) as well as the European Space Agency s Space Situational
Awareness-NEO Segment and the International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) have been working to better communicate the danger that such objects pose to Earth.
二十多年以来，美国宇航局与其他众多机构，一直在扫描天宇中的近地天体，搜寻距离地球轨道3,000万英里范围之内的小行星与彗星。美国宇航局的行星防御协调办公室、欧洲航天局空间态势感知近地天体部门、国际小行星预警网正携手一道努力地改进沟通方式，宣传此类物体对地球造成的危险。
There is no strict script in such an exercise. Instead, it will be used to test out how NEO observers, space agency officials, emergency managers, decision makers and citizens would respond to the threat of an impact.
在这类演习中，没有严格的脚本，初衷就是考验观测人员、航空局官员、应急管理人员、决策人员与广大市民对天体撞击威胁的应对方式。
Those taking part will discuss possible preparations: how they would explore the asteroid, work out the best ways of deflecting it and dealing with its impact effects.
参与人员将共同地探讨可能的防备要务：如何探知小行星，找到使其偏离航向与应对撞击影响的最优方案。
NASA has already participated in such exercises, working on some with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Those exercises brought representatives from a variety of different federal agencies, including the departments of Defense and State.
美国宇航局曾参与过此类演习，与联邦应急管理局也举行过合作演习。包括美国国防部与美国国务院部门在内的各个联邦机构均派出代表参与了此类演习。 Previous exercises showed that the focus of emergency management officials was not on scientific details. Instead, they just want to know when, where and how an asteroid will hit the Earth, as well as what sort of damage is done, according to FEMA.
联邦应急管理局表示，之前的演习表明，应急管理官员的关注重点并非科学细节，相反，只是想了解小行星在何时、何地以及以何种方式撞击地球，以及会产生何等的破坏影响。
NASA continues to work on that science, however, in an attempt to better improve humanity s ability to predict the exact location and effects of any impact. 不过，美国宇航局将继续开展有关这方面的科研，试图跟好地提高人类精确预知撞击的确切位置与撞击影响的能力。
“NASA and FEMA will continue to conduct periodic exercises with a continually widening community of US government agencies and international partners,” said Leviticus Lewis of the Response Operations Division for FEMA. “They are a great way for us to learn how to work together and meet each other s needs and the objectives laid out in the White House National NEO Preparedness Action Plan.”
联邦应急管理局响应行动部的工作人员勒维提克斯.刘易斯表示：“美国宇航局与联邦应急管理局将继续群策群力，与越来越多的美国政府机构和国际伙伴定期展开演习。这是我们学习如何协作，并满足彼此需求，实现白宫国家近地天体防备行动计划目标的最佳手段。”
汉译英首篇文章
新中国成立70年来，中国的人权事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago, the China’s cause of human rights has made remarkable achievements.
1949年新中国成立前，中国的人均GDP仅达27美元，人均预期寿命35岁，人均受教育年限不到一年，约90%的中国人民是文盲；战乱仍频，人民生活在苦难之中。
Before the founding of the New China in 1949, China’s per capita GDP was only 27 US Dollars and people’s average life expectancy was 35 years. The Chinese people received less than one-year schooling on average, with about 90% being illiterate. Moreover, people suffered of frequent wars and lived in misery. 现在，中国已成为世界第二大经济体，人民安居乐业，人均预期寿命由35岁增长到77岁。中国已基本建立起保障公民权利的法律和政策体系。
At present, China has become the world’s second largest economy, where people live and work in peace and contentment, and the Chinese people’s average life expectancy has increased from 35 to 77 years. In China, a legal and policy system has also been established to protect its citizens’ rights.
中国把“尊重和保障人权”写进了宪法，社会和谐发展的水平得到了显著提升。中国支持保障公民生存权和发展权，反对忽视经济、社会、文化权利的趋势，主张促进这两种权利的平衡保障，以发展促人权、消除贫困，中国的人权原则已得到国际的广泛支持。
“Respect and protection of human rights” have been included into the Constitution of China, which significantly promoted the harmonious development of the Chinese society. The Chinese government supports the protection of citizen’s rights to subsistence and development, opposes the trend to ignore economic, social and cultural rights, advocates the balanced protection between both rights and promotes human rights as well as eliminates poverty through development. In other words, China’s principle of human rights has received extensive support from the international community.
中国认真履行国际人权义务，加入了包括6项核心人权公约在内的26项国际人权公约。中国广泛开展国际人权交流合作，同20多个国家开展人权对话和磋商，同联合国人权机制保持建设性交流。
China has conscientiously fulfilled its international obligations of human rights by acceding to 26 international conventions on human rights, including 6 core treaties. China has carried out extensive exchanges and cooperation in term of human rights internationally by conducting dialogues and consultations with more than 20 countries in the world and maintaining constructive exchanges with United Nations human rights mechanisms.
汉译英第二篇文章
中国幅员辽阔，在漫长的历史发展进程中，逐步形成了各地丰富多彩、极具特色的传统民居建筑形式。
Various and colorful traditional residential building styles with their distinctive local characteristics have been gradually formed within China’s vast territory during the long process of historical development.
2005年，建筑专业的毛葛开始进行传统民居的研究工作，在见识过各种各样的传统民居后，她感受到传统民居具有鲜明的地域特色，每座都是工匠们忘我劳动的结果。从中，她也看到了中国人对自己生活的深深热爱。
In 2005, Mao Ge majoring in architecture began the research work on traditional dwellings. After visiting a lot of a variety of traditional dwelling houses, she felt that these houses had distinct geographical characteristics and each of them is the fruit of the craftsmen’s selfless work, from which, she also experienced the deep love of the Chinese people for their lives.
80年代城镇化进程加快以来，中国的传统民居建筑正在大量消失，伴随而来的还有对传统建筑技艺、传统建筑工具以及相关建筑知识的冷落。 Since the acceleration of the urbanization in the 1980s, traditional Chinese residential buildings have disappeared in a large number accompanied by the neglect of traditional architectural techniques and traditional construction tools as well as relevant architectural knowledge.
作为看漫画长大的80后一代，热爱传统民居建筑的毛葛想到了通过漫画形式向人们介绍传统民居，希望让更多人看到传统民居建筑的美并加入到保护传统民居的行列，引起更多人尤其是年轻人对这一学科的兴趣。
As one of the post-80s generation who has grown up with comics, Mao Ge who loves traditional residential buildings wants to introduce them to the public through the comics, moreover, she hopes to show the aesthetics of traditional residential buildings to more people and then attract them to protect these dwellings, so as to arouse the interests of more people in the subject, in particular to those young people.
她以简单有趣的漫画形式、通俗易懂的文字创作了面向年轻大众的漫画。 With simple and fun cartoons and words easy to be understood, she has created comics for young people.
2019年6月+11月Catti英语二级笔译真题与精编翻译答案 唯一版2019年全年CATTI真题与答案
