2018年职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)真题及答案

2012年职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）真题及答案 2012年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）试题

第一部分：词汇选项(第1-15题, 每题1分, 共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线.请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项. 1 All the flats in the building had the same layout. A. color B. arrangement C. size D. function

2 The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. A. fresh B. hot C. heavy D. windy

3 The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks. A. big B. long C. new D. empty

4 Our aim was to update a service and we succeeded. A. modernize B. offer C. provide D. fund

5 Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightly B. partly C. completely D. faintly

6 Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sports personal. A. success B. description C. evidence D. plan 7 He has been granted asylum in France. A. power B. relief C. protection D. license

8 When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist having a peep. A. look B. chance C. visit D. try

9 She moves from one exotic location to another. A. familiar B. similar C. proper D.unusual

10 We almost ran into a rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling. A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found

11 He was weary of the constant battle between them. A. fond B. proud C. tired D. afraid

12 Noting would induce me to vote for him again. A. attract B. teach C. help D. discourage

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13 He shifted his position a little in order to alleviate the pain in his leg. A. control B. ease C. experience D. suffer

14 The photograph evoked strong memories of our holidays in France. A. refreshed B. stored C. blocked D. erased

15 Newborn babies can discriminate between a man’s and woman’s voices. A. treat B. express C. analyze D. distinguish 第2部分：阅读判断(第16-22题.每题l分, 共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子, 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息.请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息, 请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及, 请选择C.

In Sports, Red is the Winning Color

When opponents of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win, according to a new study.

British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman-wresting, and freestyle-wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

In each event Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When otherwise equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, athletes wearing red were more likely to win the bout.

\—presumably because one contestant was far superior to the other—color had no effect on the outcome,\difference, the effect of color was sufficient to tip the balance.\

In equally matched bouts, the preponderance of red wins was great enough that it could not be attributed to chance, the anthropologists say. Hill and Barton found similar results in a review of the colors worn at the Euro 2004 international soccer tournament. Their report will be published in tomorrow's issue of the journal Nature.

Joanna Setchell, a primate researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating.

The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting events does not surprise her, adding that \

Hill and Barton got the idea for their study out of a mutual interest in the evolution of sexual signals in primates—\testosterone levels,\

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For example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps. Another study by other scientists shows that red plastic rings experimentally placed on the legs of male zebra finches increase the birds' dominance.

Barton said he and Hill speculated some speculated that \humans. And if so, it could be apparent in sporting contests.\

The pair say their results indicate that sexual selection may have influenced the evolution of humans' response to color.

Setchell, the primatologist, agrees. \and pale when we're scared. These are very important signals to other individuals,\ The advantage of red may be intuitively known, judging from the prevalence of red uniforms in sports—\said.

He adds that the finding of red's advantage might have implications for regulations that govern sporting attire. In the Olympic matches he surveyed for the new study, for example, it is possible some medal winners may have reached the pedestal with an unintended advantage.

\case,\

Meanwhile, Setchell noted—tongue-in-cheek—that a red advantage may not be limited to sports. \ 16. Both Hill and Barton wanted to find out if color affects the outcome of sports matched. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

17. Hill and Barton are both interested in primates. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18. Male mandrills use yellow coloration to attract a mate. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

19. Red is not an advantage for zebra finches. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20. The red plastic rings were left on the finches permanently. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

21. Hill and Barton believe athletes in red are more likely to win. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

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22. Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sports uniforms. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题, 每题1分, 共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

How technology pushes down price

Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distribution technology. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and more food with less and less capital. Good is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food compared with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues to drop.

Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower.

Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33,000 to 245,000 and dropped lots of its minor brands as part of its “path to growth” strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 per cent of its 133 factories and cut 10 per cent of its 55,000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs down, and the price of food stays low.

Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat more. Good companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 8oz (225g) cans in the past, then 12oz (350g), and now come in 20oz (550g) cans. If a company can sell you an 8oz portion for $7, they can sell you a 12oz portion for $8. The only extra cost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents.

Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it is hard to change the trend. 23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4

A. Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices

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B. Chain stores provide better service C. Technology helps reduce food prices

D. Huge retailers force producers to cut costs E. Consumers like supermarkets

F. Food comes cheaper in larger portions

27. Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy in___ 28. Some food producers have reduced___

29. Besides cutting its workforce, Unilever also abandoned its___ 30. Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got___ A. minor brands B. a good barging C. large quantities D. their workforce E. huge portions F. their money

第四部分：阅读理解(第31~45题, 每题3分, 共45分)

下面有3篇短文, 每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容, 为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇 Gross National Happiness

In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions. King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).

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