高考二轮复习 强调句、省略句、插入语
【专题要点】强调句、省略句、插入语要点概览：1.强调句型“It is/was----that----”的用法。强调句型的特殊疑问句；2.it强调句型与定语从句、状语从句的区别；3.动词不定式的省略；4.状语从句中的省略，“连词+分词”的省略现象；5.常用插入语：by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。
【考纲要求】按照考纲要求，考生应能够恰当地使用词语和强调句式对表达的内容进行强调，近几年的高考试题主要考查考生对谓语动词的强调的理解和强调句型的灵活使用，考查复合句中的强调句式；按照考试大纲的要求，考生应掌握英语省略的一些基本原则，在行文中正确地使用省略；而近几年的高考试题主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、简单句中和交际语境中的省略；按照考纲要求依据不同语境能正确使用插入语，分析近几年的高考题多以考查短语的形式，在交际用语中或句中进行辨析。
【教法指引】仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句、省略句、插入语倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句、省略句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求教师在平时引导考生在复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握，深入研究。
具体说把握强调句以下四大考点： （1）考查强调句式的基本结构
（2）考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式 （3）考查强调句式的疑问句 （4）考查强调句式的正确判断
省略是高考英语考试大纲要求掌握的的语法项目之一，虽然不是每年必考项目，但不少省份有所涉及省略这一语法项目。从命题的趋势来看，更侧重考查省略在交际中的功能，考查语法知识间的交叉使用。因此教师在引导考生复习备考中要注意以下几个方面：
1. 状语从句中的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be的任何形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。常见的连词有：as，if, as if, once, though, whether, when, while, unless等等。
2. 有关to的省略。
（1）在can’t but，can’t not help but, can not choose but之后的动词不定式一般不带to，but之前有实义动词do的某种形式do，does，did，done时，也不带to； （2）当主语或修饰主语的定语从句中有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略。如：All I did is（to）give him a lesson.
（3）由why，why not引导的特殊疑问句，后跟省略to的动词不定式。
（4）have，make，see，hear， notice，observe等后接不带to的动词不定式 ；
（5）为避免句子重复，承前省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to，但是有助动词be或have时，则要保留be或have。
3. 在if引导的虚拟条件句中
在if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首且省略if。 4.在限制性定语从句中的省略
在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that、which、whom可以省略；在以the same ... as和such ... as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that或in which。 教师在引导考生复习备考中按照大纲中要求熟练掌握的常用作插入语的词语
在英语学习中，插入语是一个比较重要的知识点。由于插入语是一种独立成分，通常与句中其他成分没有
语法上的关系，许多同学在学习过程中会有一定的困难。其实，插入语大都是对一句话进行附加说明或解释，通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成，常置于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开，按照大纲要求熟练记忆一下常用短语和用法如： by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。
【知识网络】 强调句的用法 （一）强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。 强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday. 强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。 （二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 （三）谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。 Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
省略句用法
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况： （一）简单句中的省略
1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。 (I) Thank you for your help.（括号内为省略的词语，下同） (I) see you tomorrow. (It) Doesn’t matter. 2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。
(There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him? 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。
---- Are you going there? ---- I’d like to (go there).
He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance). 注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。 ---- Are you an engineer? ---- No, but I want to be.
---- He hasn’t finished the task yet. ---- Well, he ought to have. 4、省略表语。
---- Are you thirsty? ---- Yes, I am (thirsty). 5、同时省略几个成分。
Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.
---- Have you finished your work? ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet. （二）并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school. （三）主从复合句中的省略 1、主句中有一些成分被省略。 (I’m) Sorry to hear that you are ill.
(It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.
2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。 ---- Is he coming back tonight? ---- I think so. ---- Is he feeling better today? ---- I’m afraid not.
这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so 及I suppose not. I believed not. I hope not等。（但I don’t think so比I think not更常用）。 （四）其它省略
1、连词that的省略：
①、宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看“名词性从句”等有关部分）。 ②、在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。
③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。 2、不定式符号to的省略
①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
②、某些使役动词（如let, make, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。
---- I saw the boy fall from the tree. ---- The boy was seen to fall from the tree. ③、介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。 The boy did nothing but play.
3、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可省去“主语 + be”部分。（参看“状语从句”有关部分）
4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见“倒装句”有关部分） 5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。
The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be). 插入语的用法
英语句子中（尤其在口语中）常插入一些单词、短语或者句子，用来补充某些含义。语法上称他们为“插入语”。
（一）插入语的类型： 1、单词（多是副词），如：besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。 She is looking fit, though. 他看起来倒是健康。 I can, however, discuss this when I see you. 2、短语
China and India, for example, are neighbours. By the way, where are you from? 3、句子
He is an honest man, I believe. Jack, as far as I know, isn’t clever. （二）插入语的位置
通常插入语位于句中，并用逗号隔开。但有时，也可位于句首或句末（见上面例句）。也有时，并不用逗号隔开。
You know that I think you are wrong. 我认为，你明白你错了。 What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思？ （三）插入语在句中的作用
一般来说，插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去，句子的含义不大受影响。但是，有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。
He got the news from nobody knows where. 他这消息谁也不知道是从哪儿得来的。 （四）插入语的特殊用法
下面这种复杂的特殊疑问句，也可认为包含有“插入语”。这种疑问句（有的语法书也称为“混合疑问句”或“连锁疑问句”）常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现频率极高。常用动词有say, suppose, guess, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。 How long did you say she would stay here? When do you suppose they’ll be back? How old did you think she was （五）插入语的几种典型用法
1.许多分词短语可以用作插入语，这样的分词短语有：strictly speaking（严格地说），generally considering（一般认为）， judging from……（根据……判断）等。 2.常用作插入语的副词或副词短语有：indeed（的确），surely（无疑），however（然而），frankly（坦率地说），obviously（显然），naturally（天然地），luckily （happily） for sb.（算某人幸运），fortunately（幸好），strangely（奇怪），briefly（简单地说）等。 3.常用作插入语的介词短语有：in conclusion（总之），in a word（简而言之），in short（简而言之），in general（一般说来），in a sense（在某种意义上），in my view（在我看来），in his opinion（按照他的看法），in fact（事实上），at first（首先）， in addition（此外），of course（当然），to my surprise（使我惊奇的），to her regret（使她遗憾的），for example（例如）等。 4.用简短的句子结构作插入语，它们常置于句中或句末。这类简短的句子有：I am sure（我可以肯定地说），I believe（我相信），do you know（你知道吗），you see（你明白），I’m afraid（恐怕），it is said（据说），I suppose（我想），what’s more（而且），what’s worse（更糟糕的是），that is（也就是说），what is important（重要的是）等。
常用作插入语的不定式短语有：to be sure（无疑地），to sum up（概括地说），to tell the truth（老实说）等。 5.常用作插入语的形容词或其短语有：true（真的），funny（真可笑），needless to say（不用说），most important of all（最为重要），worse still（更糟糕的），even better（更好）等。
三年高考英语试题单项选择分类汇总—
特殊句式（倒装句、强调句、祈使句、反义疑问句等）
2006年组
1.Mary，_____ here一everybody else，stay where you are．（06全国卷Ⅰ）
A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming
2.We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,________. （06全国卷Ⅱ） A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we
3.It was not until she got home ________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. （06全国卷Ⅱ） A. when B. that C. where D. before
4.We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall , ________, in fact, there were 40. （06全国卷Ⅱ） A. while B. whether C. what D. which
5. Only then _______how much damage had been caused. （06陕西卷） A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize 6.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, ______ she? （06 广东卷） A. had B. did C. hadn’t D. didn’t 7. ______ this cake, you’ll need2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. （06 广东卷） A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making
8. So difficult _________ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. （06广东卷） A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found
9.Never in my wildest dreams these people are living in such poor conditions．（06安徽卷） A．I could imagine B．could I imagine C．I couldn’t imagine D．couldn’t I imagine
10.He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.（06北京卷） A. and B. for C. but D. or
11.I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus,_______? （06福建卷）
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t D. didn’t she
12._______homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. （06福建卷） A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little 13.—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it? （06福建卷） —Yes. ________yesterday.
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
14.AIDS is said＿the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. （06湖北卷）
A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been
25. A man cannot smile like a child, ________a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. （06湖南卷）
A. so B. but C. and D. for
26.—I reminded you not to forget the appointment. （06江西卷） — .
A．So you did B．So I do not C．So did you D．So do I
27.I grew up in Africa , _________ at least I should say that I spent much of the first years of my life there . （06辽宁卷）
A. and B. or C. so D. but
28. It was after he got he had desired _______ he realized it was not so important. （06辽宁卷） A. that B. when C. since D. as 29. Engines are to machines hearts are to animals. （06山东卷） A．as B．that C．what D．which 30. I just wonder that makes him so excited. （06山东卷） A．why it does B．what he does C．how it is D．what it is 31. Start out right away, you’ll miss the first train. （06四川卷） A. and B. but C. or D. while 32.At the foot of the mountain . （06四川卷）
A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 33.－Did Linda see the traffic accident? （06天津卷） －No, no sooner ______ than it happened. A．had she gone B．she had gone C．has she gone D．she has gone
34. _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. （06浙江卷）
A. As B. That C. This D. It
35. ____ by keeping down cost will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.（06浙江卷） A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet 36. ________and I’ll get the work finished. （06重庆卷） A. Have one more hour B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour 2007年组
1.Little _______ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. （07安徽卷）
A. he realized B. he didn't realize C. didn't he realize D. did he realize
2.You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ____you won’t pass the course. （07北京卷）
A. and B. so C. but D. or
3.When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back one the shelf,____? （07北京卷） A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you
4.Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _________ the way they actually are.（07湖南卷）
A. as B. or C. but D. and
5.You may not have played very well today, but at least you’ve got through to the next round and ______.（07江苏卷）
A. tomorrow never comes B. tomorrow is another day
C. never put off till tomorrow D. there is no tomorrow 6.—My room gets very cold at night. （07江苏卷） — ___________.
A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does 7.—Have you heard the latest news?（07全国卷Ⅰ） —No, What ________?
A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those
8.—It’s a long time since I saw my sister. （07全国卷Ⅰ） —_______________ her this weekend?
A. Why not visit B. why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit 9.We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. （07全国卷Ⅰ） A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
10.Between the two generations, it is often not their age,______ their education that causes misunderstanding.（07全国卷Ⅰ）
A. like B. as C. or D. but
11.If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ____.（07全国卷Ⅱ）
A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will
12. that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. （07陕西卷） A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business 13.—How was the televised debate last night? （07上海卷） —Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention. A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate
14. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was! （07上海卷） A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene 15.—Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day（07浙江卷） —___? That’s his third one in just one month.
A. Had he B. Did he C. Does he D. Has he
16.It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. （07浙江卷）
A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that 17. —Now let’s move on to another topic. Do you follow me? （07重庆卷） —______, Professor.
A. No, I am not B. Yes, I will C. No, I haven’t D. Yes, perfectly
18.Leonardo da Vinci （1452 - 1519） ________ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. （07重庆卷）
A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. . had said to buy D. has said to have bought
19. —When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone. Where______.（07重庆卷） A. did you go B. have you gone C. were you D. had you been
20. _______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. （07重庆卷） A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound
21.I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ so lonely as now.（07辽宁卷） A. have I felt B. I had felt C. I have felt D. had I felt
22.Help others whenever you can ______ you will make the world a nicer place to live in.（07辽宁卷） A. and B. or C. unless D. but
23.I’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefer geography.（07四川卷） A. though B. as C. while D. for 2008组
1. Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleaning it. （2008陕西卷.） A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop
2. Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them. （2008重庆） A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
3. ____ you eat the correct foods _____ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏卷） A. Only if … will you B. Only if … you will C. Unless … will you D. Unless … you will 4. Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.（2008辽宁卷） A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I
5. It was announced that only when the fire was under control ___ to return to their homes. （2008江西卷） A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted
6. You didn’t use to like him much when we were at school, ___________? （2008上海春招） A. were we B. weren’t we C. did you D. didn’t you
7. It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. （2008重庆） A. that B. when C. while D. as
8. It is often said that the joy of traveling is _______ in arriving at your destination ________ in the journey itself. （2008江苏卷）
A. / … but B. / … or C. not … or D. not … but
9. Stand over there ___ you’ll be able to see the oil painting better. （全国卷II） A. but B. till C. and D. or
10. So much of interest _____ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. （2008年上海卷）
A. offers Being B. Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer
2006年组1—5 ACBAD 6—10 DBBBB 11—15 DAADD 16—20 ABACD 21—25 CBADA 26B
2007年组1—5 DDCCB 6—10CAABD 11—15BBBAB 16—20DDBCD
21—23AAC 2008年组1—5 DDABC 6—10CADCC
【专题考案】
1. My bike is missing. I can’t find ____ anywhere. A. one B. ones C. it D. that 2. ---- Who’s that? ---- ____ Professor Li. A. That’s B. It’s C. He’s D. This’s 3. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning. A. It B. He C. She D. That
4. ---- Have you ever seen a whale alive? ---- Yes, I’ve seen ____. A. that B. it C. such D. one
5. The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours. A. this B. that C. it D. one
6. ____ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It B. There C. Those D. You
7. We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. it
8. The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing. A. that B. it C. which D. what 9. ____ four years since I joined the Army.
A. There was B. There is C. It was D. It is 10. How long ____ to finish the work?
A. you’ll take B. you’ll take it C. will it take you D. will take you 11. It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang. A. who B. whom C. how D. that
12. It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting. A. where B. that C. in which D. on which 13. It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded. A. which B. when C. as D. that 14. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave? A. and B. that C. that’s D. so
15. Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying. A. it B. that C. so D. she 16. It was ____ I met Mr. Green in Shanghai.
A. many years that B. many years before C. many years ago that D. many years when 17. ____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.
A. It, all B. It, that C. There, who D. There, that 18. So ____ that no fish can live in it.
A. shallow is the lake B. the lake is shallow C. shallow the lake is D. is the lake shallow 19. ---- Won’t you have another try? ---- ____.
A. Yes, I will B. Yes, I won’t C. Yes, I will have D. Yes, I won’t have 20. ---- I won’t do it any more.
---- ____?
A. Why don’t B. Why don’t do it any more C. Why not D. Why not do 21. ---- Do you think it will snow tomorrow? ---- ____.
A. No, I don’t think B. I don’t think C. No, I don’t so D. I don’t think so 22. ---- Will he fail in the exam? ---- ____.
A. Don’t hope to B. Let’s hope not C. Not hope so D. Let’s hope not to 23. ____ usual, I have forgotten something.
A. As B. As it is C. It’s D. That is 24. ____ she a man, she might be elected president. A. If B. Unless C. Was D. Were 25. ____ I had time, I would have played it again.
A. If B. Unless C. Had D. When 26. ____ it rain tomorrow, I’d stay at home.
A. Should B. Would C. When D. If 27. I like sports and ____ my brother.
A. so B. so does C. so is D. so likes
28. Francis, ____ born in Kentucky, lived and practised law in Missouri. A. was B. He was C. who is D. although 29. ---- Aren’t you the manager? ---- No, and I ____. A. don’t want B. don’t want to C. don’t want to be D. don’t 30. ---- Have you fed the dog? ---- No, but ____.
A. I am B. I’m just going to C. I’m D. I’m just going 31. Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard — ____, you failed.
A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time 32. How long ____ she would stay here?
A. did she say B. she said C. did D. / 33. ____ could do such thing?
A. Whom do you think B. Who do you think C. Do you think whom D. Did you think who 34. John was ill. Have you heard about ____?
A. this B. he C. it D. the one 35. Hurry up! ____ getting darker and darker.
A. The sky is B. It’s C. Weather is D. Time is 36. It’s the third time ____ I have been here.
A. that B. when C. after D. who
37. It was simply for that reason ____ I wouldn’t tell him the truth. A. why B. which C. so D. that
高考二轮复习英语教案专题十四强调句省略句插入语
