专题21 阅读理解（文化教育类）
1.B【2019·全国I】
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.” 24. What made Chris nervous？ A. Telling a story. C. Taking a test.
B. Making a speech. D. Answering a question.
25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Improper pauses.
B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes.
D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________. A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students’ public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? A. Humorous.
B. Ambitious.
C. Caring.
D. Demanding.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。为了帮助学生学英语以及树立他们的信心，Thomas Whaley专门开展了一个演讲课程。
24. B 推理判断题。根据首段首句中“today is speech day”以及第二段首句中“But he’s nervous.”可知，Chris紧张的原因是他要进行公开的演讲。故选B。
25. A 词意猜测题。由第二段中Chris所说话中“I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers”以及下文“except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well”可知, Chris 发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选A。 26. A 推理判断题。文章在最后两段提到Whaley想到这个主意是因为看到孩子们害怕在说英语时出错，缺少自信，由此推断他的目的是为了让孩子们意识到自己的长处，增强自信心。而且文章末段首句也是提示信息。故选A。
27．C推理判断题。文章介绍了当Whaley看到孩子们缺少自信时，非常痛心，于是创立了这个课程，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous幽默的；ambitious雄心壮志的；caring关爱的，体贴的；demanding要求高的。故选C。 2.B【2019·全国III】
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. \It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers,\creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
\that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. \China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.\
Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales,\
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. \famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,\another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.\
24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York? A. It promoted the sales of artworks. C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. 25. What does Hill say about Chinese women? A. They are setting the fashion. C. They admire super models.
B. They start many fashion campaigns. D. They do business all over the world. B. It attracted a large number of visitors. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
26. What do the underlined words \A. learning from
B. looking down on
C. working with
D. competing against
27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。本文分析了A+E Networks公司的CCO（首席文化官）Amanda Hil1对近期纽约举办的中国元素服装设计展举世瞩目这一事件的评论，以此展现出中国流行文化在设计领域引领世界潮流的现状。
24. B 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.”可知，这次展览的观众规模空前。故选B。
25.A推理判断题。由第四段Hill的第一句话“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion - they are central to its movement.”可知，Hill认为中国的女性已经占领时尚运动的中心地位，她们正在定义时尚。故选A。
26. D词意猜测题。从本句的后半句and beating them hands down in design and sales可知，Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu正作为中国的时尚设计师代表同Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs这些时尚设计品牌交锋并占据优势，因此句中的take on意为“与……抗衡”。故选D。
27. D主旨大意题。从整篇文章来看，本文是通过A+E Networks公司的CCO（首席文化官）Amanda Hil1对近期在纽约举办的中国元素时尚服装展览盛况空前的评论，得到中国的时尚设计力量正在引起世界注意并逐渐成为主力的结论。故选D。 3.C【2019·全国III】
Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the \It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase \fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for \企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling. 28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? A. Academic.
B. Unattractive.
C. Inexpensive.
D. Confidential.
29. What did street sales mean to newspapers? A. They would be priced higher. C. They could have more readers.
B. They would disappear from cities. D. They could regain public trust.
30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A. Local politicians. C. Young publishers.
31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper? A. It was a difficult process. C. It was a robbery of the poor.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
B. Common people. D. Rich businessmen.
B. It was a temporary success. D. It was a disaster for printers.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。十九世纪三十年代之前报纸由于只能以年为单位订购，几乎仅仅是有钱人的专有物，后来一些有胆略的年轻商人打破现状，逐渐让街上以份售卖成为报纸销售的主流。这就是报纸行业的一场大的变革。
28. B 细节理解题。由第一段第四句“In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.”可知，在19世纪30年代之前大部份报纸都没有什么吸引大众的内容，故选B。
29. C细节理解题。由第二段第二句“It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.”可知，街上按单份卖的报纸相比之前只能以年为单位订购的报纸，更容易让普通大众消费，也就是有了更多的读者群，故选C。
30. B细节理解题。从第二段第二句The trend, then, was toward the \made widely available to the public.可知报纸售卖的新潮流目的是向普通大众销售报纸，故选B。
31. A细节理解题。最后一段第一句“This new trend of newspapers for \well.”就谈到了开始得不顺利，再结合下文的“failure”以及“had little desire to change the tradition”可知，\这一新潮流并不顺利，许多成功报纸商不愿改变传统，只是有一些年轻的有胆识的商人努力才促使改革成功。整个过程非常辛苦，故选A。
4.C【2018·全国II】
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a
2020年高考英语精选考点专项突破21 阅读理解(文化教育类)(含解析)
