专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气
[模拟题组一]
1.—How about your trip to Hawaii?
—Wonderful! I________have enjoyed myself more. A.shouldn’t C.couldn’t
B.needn’t D.wouldn’t
解析:选C。考查情态动词。根据“Wonderful”可知,此处意为“我不可能过得比那更愉快了”,暗指当时过得最愉快。“can’t/couldn’t...+比较级”可表达最高级含义,故选C项。
2.(2020·浙江金丽衢十二校联考)But for the encouraging cheers from the audience,our team________such an important match.
A.shouldn’t have won B.mustn’t have won C.needn’t have won
D.couldn’t have won
解析:选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是观众们鼓励性的欢呼,我们队不可能赢得这么重要的比赛。根据该句中的“But for”可知,此处应用虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反,再结合句意可知,应用couldn’t have won。
3.(2020·浙江名校联盟联考)You________so much cash with you,you know—that shop accepted checks.
A.couldn’t have taken B.wouldn’t have taken C.shouldn’t have taken D.needn’t have taken
解析:选D。考查情态动词。句意:你本没必要带这么多现金的,你知道那家店接受支票。needn’t have done表示“本没必要做某事”,符合句意。故答案为D项。
4.Sometimes smiles around the world________be false,hiding other
feelings like anger,fear or worry.
A.can C.should
B.would D.must
解析:选A。考查情态动词。句意:世界各地的微笑有时候未必都是真的,它可能隐藏着其他诸如愤怒、恐惧或担心之类的情感。情态动词can可以表示理论上的可能性,意为“有时候会”。
5.—Who________ it be that left the door unlocked? —It might be Mike.He is always forgetting things. A.would C.must
B.should D.could
解析:选D。句意:——会是谁没锁门呢?——可能是迈克,因为他总是忘事。could表示推测时,常用于否定句或疑问句中,故选D。
6.But for those interruptions,the meeting ________ half an hour ago. A.was finished C.would finish
B.would have finished D.had been finished
解析:选B。考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意:要不是那些中断,这场会议在半小时前就结束了。根据句意及时间状语half an hour ago可知设空处与过去事实相反,故选B。
7.The upset mother thought to herself,“If only I ________ what’s going on in my little boy’s head right now.”
A.had known C.knew
B.know D.have known
解析:选C。考查虚拟语气。if only 表示“要是……就好了”,谓语动词应使用虚拟语气,根据right now可知,此处表示对现在的虚拟,故谓语动词用一般过去时。
8.If you had listened to me,we________at the party.Move over.I’ll drive.
A.are C.would be
B.were
D.would have been
解析:选C。考查虚拟语气。句意:要是当初你听我的,那么我们现在就在聚会现场了。你挪过去,我来开车。if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,而本空表示与现在的实际情况相反的假设,说话人此时还在路上,因此选C项。
9.—Well,I missed the early train to Suzhou. —But had you hurried,you________. A.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t
B.hadn’t had D.wouldn’t have
解析:选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:——哎呀,我错过了去苏州的早班火车。——可你若抓紧时间的话,你就不会误车了。had you hurried等于if you had hurried,表示对过去的虚拟,故主句用would have done形式,所以选D。
10.—Tell me your secret.
—I ________.It wouldn’t be a secret if I told you. A.won’t C.mightn’t
B.needn’t D.couldn’t
解析:选A。考查情态动词。句意:——把你的秘密告诉我吧。——我不会告诉你的。如果告诉你了,这就不是秘密了。这里表示说话人的意愿,故用won’t。
[模拟题组二]
1.(2020·浙江省高三第二次五校联考)—Can I go now,sir? —If you________leave,do it quietly. A.will C.shall
B.may D.must
解析:选D。考查情态动词的用法。句意:——先生,我可以走吗?——如果你必须离开,悄悄地走。will愿意,将要;may可能;shall将要;must必须,一定。故选D。
2.(2020·浙江省高三第二次五校联考)That night,trapped alone in the
mountain,she felt cold,hungry and scared.She________.
A.should have cried C.would cry
B.might cry D.could have cried
解析:选D。考查情态动词与完成时连用的用法。句意:那夜,被单独困在山中,她感到又冷又饿又害怕。她本来能够哭出来。根据语境是过去时,应用情态动词与完成时连用。should have cried没有做应该做的事情;could have done没有做本来能够做的事情。故选D。
3.When he was there,he________go to that coffee shop at the street corner after work every day.
A.would C.had better
B.should D.might
解析:选A。would可用来表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。句意:当他在那儿时,他每天下班后都经常到街道拐角处的咖啡店。故选A。
4. —Why didn’t you put your cellphone in your overcoat pocket? —I________,but I was afraid it would be stolen. A.had put C.would have
B.put D.could have
解析:选C。由语境可知,答话人本来想把手机放在大衣口袋里,但害怕被偷,所以未放。would have done表示本想做,但未做。故选C。
5.If he________that he________to work there,everything would be OK now. A.insisted;be sent B.insisted;was sent C.had insisted;be sent D.had insisted;was sent
解析:选C。考查虚拟语气在insist从句中的用法。若insist表示“坚持要求做某事”从句中应用should+v.,should可省略;若insist表示“坚持说,坚持认为”则从句需根据句意选择合适的时态。本句句意为:如果他坚持要求被派往
那儿的话,现在一切都好了。事实上并非如此。故选C。
6.—Without your help,we________this task on time. —My pleasure. A.don’t finish B.will not finish C.didn’t finish
D.would not have finished
解析:选D。without,but for;要没有……,相当于if从句。本句可改为if you hadn’t helped us,we________this task on time。这是与过去事实相反的句子。选D。
7.—Has your friend passed the test?
—Sorry,I’m not sure.He ________.I haven’t heard from him for two weeks.
A.must have C.would have
B.can’t have D.might have
解析:选D。根据句中的“I’m not sure”可知,答话人对这件事情没有很大的把握,且问句用的是完成时,这说明pass这一动作可能已经发生,故用might have done表示对已经发生的事情的推测。done在答句中被省略。
8.I would rather ________ to work after my graduation,but my father would rather I ________ abroad for further education.
A.go;had gone C.went;went
B.go;went D.went;will go
解析:选B。句意:我愿意毕业后参加工作,但我父亲却愿意我出国进修。“would rather+动词原形”表示:愿意现在或将来做某事,故第一空用动词原形;在“would rather+ that从句”句型中,that从句的谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在或将来的假设;用过去完成时表示过去的假设,故选B。
9.—The deadline is drawing,but I failed to challenge the task a third