Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is thathe robot begand A.该法律规范属于义务性规范 B.该法律规范属于禁止性规范
C.该法律规范属于授权性规范 D.该法律规范属于强制性规范 参考答案：AD 答案解析：本题考核法律规范的种类。本题所述情况应该是属于义务性规范和强制性规范。本题采用排除法就可以选出。
44.根据《行政复议法》的规定，行政复议机关在受理行政复议时，对被申请人的下列具体行政行为，经行政复议机关审查应当予以撤销、变更或者确认其违法的有（ ）。
A.主要事实不清、证据不足 B.适用依据错误
C.违反法定程序 D.超越或者滥用职权 参考答案：ABCD
答案解析：本题考核具体行政行为的撤销、变更和确认违法。以上四项行政行为均属于应当由行政复议机关予以撤销、变更或者确认其违法的情况。
45.下列法律责任形式中，属于民事责任的有（ ）。 A.罚款 B.赔偿损失
C.赔礼道歉 D.没收财产 参考答案：BC
答案解析：本题考核民事责任的种类。选项A属于行政责任、选项D属于刑事责任。
三、判断题（本类题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。请将判断结果用2B铅笔填涂答题卡中题号61至70信息点。表述正确的，填涂答题卡中信息点[√]；表述错误的，则填涂答题卡中信息点[×]。每小题判断结果正确得1分，判断结果错误的扣0.5分，不判断的不得分也不扣分。本类题最低得分为零分） 61.纳税人在纳税年度发生的经营亏损，可以用下一年度的所得弥补；下一纳税年度的年所得不足弥补的，可以逐年延续弥补，但是延续弥补期最长不得超过5年。（ ） 参考答案：√
答案解析：本题考核税法中的亏损弥补。以上的表述是正确的。
62.甲企业以价值300万元的办公用房与乙企业互换一处厂房，并向乙企业支付差价款100万元。在这次互换中，乙企业不需缴纳契税，应由甲企业缴纳。（ ） 参考答案：√
答案解析：本题考核互换房屋中契税的缴纳。根据规定，房屋互换中，互换价格不相等的，由多交付货币的一方缴纳契税。本题中，多交付货币的一方是甲方，因此应该由甲方缴纳契税。
manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand 63.税务机关对外省、自治区、直辖市来本辖区从事临时经营活动的单位和个人申请领购发票的，可以要求其提供保证人或者根据所领购发票的票面限额及数量交纳不超过1万元的保证金，并限期缴销发票。（ ） 参考答案：√
答案解析：本题考核发票的管理制度。以上的表述是正确的。见07年教材p306页最后一段。
64.商业汇票未按照规定期限提示承兑的，持票人丧失对其前手的追索权。（ ） 参考答案：√
答案解析：本题考核商业汇票超过提示承兑期限的法律后果。根据规定，汇票未按照规定期限提示承兑的，持票人丧失对其前手的追索权。
65.我国国内信用证开具后，在有效期内，非经信用证各有关当事人的同意，开证银行不得修改或者撤销。（ ） 参考答案：√
答案解析：本题考核我国信用证的概念。以上的表述是正确的，见教材p403页。 66.一般存款账户既可办理现金缴存，也可办量现金支取。（ ） 参考答案：×
答案解析：本题考核一般存款账户的使用范围。根据规定，一般存款账户只能办理现金缴存，不得办理现金支取。
67.有效的仲裁协议可排除法院的管辖权。（ ） 参考答案：√
答案解析：本题考核仲裁协议的效力。仲裁协议具有排除诉讼管辖权的效力，因此本题的表述是正确的。但教材对于该考点体现的不是很具体，在教材p21页最后一段有所涉及。
68.在委托代理记账的情况下，委托单位对会计资料的真实性、完整性不再承担责任。（ ） 参考答案：×
答案解析：本题考核代理记账关系中责任的承担。根据规定，委托人与代理记账机构应该在相互协商的基础上签订书面委托合同，并在合同中约定委托人、受托人对会计资料真实性、完整性应承担的责任。本题所说的委托单位对会计资料的真实性、完整性不再承担责任是不正确的。
69.纳税人委托其他纳税人代销货物的，其增值税纳税义务的发生时间为发出代销货物的当天。（ ） 参考答案：×
答案解析：本题考核增值税纳税义务的发生时间。根据规定，纳税人委托其他纳税人代销货物的，其增值税纳税义务的发生时间为收到代销单位销售的代销清单的当天。
manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is thathe robot begand 70.包装物已作价随同应税消费品销售，又另外收取押金并在规定期限内未予退还的押金，不应并入应税消费品的销售额计征消费税。（ ） 参考答案：×
答案解析：本题考核销售应税消费品包装物押金的计税。根据规定，对包装物既作价随同应税消费品销售，又另外收取押金并在规定期限内未予退还的押金，应并入应税消费品的销售额计征消费税。
主观试题部分
（主观试题要求用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸中的指定位置答题，否则按无效答题处理）
四、计算分析题（本类题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分。凡要求计算的项目，均须列出计算过程；计算结果出现小数的，均保留小数点后两位小数）
1.某服装公司为增值税一般纳税人。2006年10月份从国外进口一批服装面料，海关审定的完税价格为50万元，该批服装布料分别按5%和17%的税率向海关缴纳了关税和进口环节增值税，并取得了相关完税凭证。 该批服装布料当月加工成服装后全部在国内销售，取得销售收入100万元（不含增值税），同时支付运输费3万元（取得运费发票）。 已知：该公司适用的增值税税率为17%。 要求：
（1）计算该公司当月进口服装布料应缴纳的增值税税额。 （2）计算该公司当月允许抵扣的增值税进项税额。 （3）计算该公司当月销售服装应缴纳的增值税税额。 参考答案：
（1）增值税组成计税价格＝（50+50×5％）＝52.5（万元） 进口环节应缴纳增值税＝52.5×17％＝8.93（万元）
（2）当月允许抵扣的增值税进项税额＝8.93+3×7％＝9.14（万元） （3）销项税额＝100×17％＝17（万元）
应缴纳的增值税额＝17－9.14＝7.86（万元）
2.甲建筑工程公司2006年1月份承建一项住宅工程，全部工程于2006年12月份竣工并通过验收，取得工程总价款7860万元。另外，由于工程保质保量提前完工，获得建设单位额外奖励10万元。在施工期间，甲公司将建筑工程的装饰装修部分转包给乙公司来完成，按合同支付给乙公司1800万元的装饰装修工程款。甲公司承建住宅工程期间，支付工程原料价款3782万元，支付员工劳动保护费、工资和过节补助费等173万元，建筑储料场、员工宿舍、食堂等临时设施支出28万元，发放优秀员工奖金4万元，支付业务招待费24万元，支出水、电、暖和施工现场管理费64万元。
已知：建筑业适用的营业税税率为5%，甲公司承建住宅工程已预缴营业税273万元。 要求：
（1）计算甲公司承建住宅工程的营业额；
（2）计算甲公司承建住宅工程应缴纳的营业税税额； （3）计算甲公司应代扣代缴乙公司的营业税税额； （4）计算甲公司承建住宅工程应补缴的营业税税额。
manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand 参考答案：
（1）甲公司的营业额＝7860+10－1800＝6070（万元）（根据规定，建筑业的总承包人将工程分包或者转包给他人的，以工程的全部承包额减去付给分包人或者转包人的价款后的余额为营业额）
（2）甲公司承建住宅工程应缴纳的营业税税额＝6070×5％＝303.5（万元） （3）甲公司应代扣代缴乙公司的营业税税额＝1800×5％＝90（万元）
（4）甲公司承建住宅工程应补缴的营业税税额＝303.5－273＝30.5（万元） 3.某国有机电设备制造企业在汇算清缴企业所得税时向税务机关申报：2006年度应纳税所得额为950.4万元，已累计预缴企业所得税285万元，应补缴企业所得税28.63万元。
在对该企业纳税申报表进行审核时，税务机关发现如下问题，要求该企业纠正后重新办理纳税申报：
（1）税前扣除的工资总额比计税工资总额超支43万元；
（2）缴纳的房产税、城镇土地使用税、车船税、印花税等税金62万元已在管理费用中列支，但在计算应纳税所得额时又重复扣除；
（3）将违法经营罚款20万元、税收滞纳金0.2万元列入营业外支出中，在计算应纳税所得额时予以扣除；
（4）9月1日以经营租赁方式租入1台机器设备，合同约定租赁期10个月，租赁费10万元，该企业未分期摊销这笔租赁费，而是一次性列入2006年度管理费用中扣除；
（5）从境外取得税后利润20万元（境外缴纳所得税时适用的税率为20%），未补缴企业所得税。
已知：该企业适用的企业所得税税率为33%。 要求：
（1）计算该企业2006年度境内所得应缴纳的所得税税额；
（2）按分国不分项抵扣法计算该企业2006年度境外所得税应补缴的所得税税额；
（3）计算该企业2006年度境内、境外所得应补缴的所得税总额。 参考答案：
（1）调整后的应纳税所得额（不含境外所得）＝950.4+43+62+20+0.2+（10－10÷10×4）＝1081.6（万元）
2006年度境内所得应缴纳的所得税税额＝1081.6×33％＝356.93（万元） （2）境外收入应纳税所得额＝20÷（1－20％）＝25（万元）
境外收入按照我国税法规定应缴纳的所得税＝25×33％＝8.25（万元）
境外所得税税款抵扣限额＝（356.93+8.25）×[25÷（1081.6+25）]＝8.25（万元）
境外所得已缴纳的所得税额＝20÷（1－20％）×20％＝5（万元） 境外所得应补缴所得税额＝8.25－5＝3.25（万元）
（本问的简便算法：20÷（1－20％）×（33％－20％）＝3.25（万元） （3）境内、境外所得应缴纳的所得税总额＝356.93+3.25＝360.18（万元） 2006年度境内、境外所得应补缴的所得税总额＝360.18－285＝75.18（万元） 试题点评： 本题很多人认为三项经费也应该进行调整，其实题目并没有提示三项经费出现了问题，说明三项经费是按照税法的规定记入了原先的应纳税所得额
manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that isManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is thathe robot begand 950.4万元中，不用进行调整，仅仅调整工资超支额就可以。这一点在叶青老师考前串讲中特意强调过。
五、综合题（本类题共1题，共10分）
某市甲公司于2006年3月1日丢失一本普通发票。该公司于3月10日到主管税务机关递交了发票遗失书面报告，并在该市报纸上公开声明作废。同年4月5日，市税务机关在对甲公司进行检查时，发现该公司存在如下问题： （1）未按规定建立发票保管制度；
（2）将2002年度开具的发票存根联销毁； （3）有两张已作账务处理的发票票物不符。
税务机关在对相关发票进行拍照和复印时，该公司以商业机密为由拒绝。
经税务机关核实，甲公司通过销毁发票存根联、开具票物不符发票等手段，共计少缴税款30万元（占应纳税额的20%）。
根据以上情况，市税务机关除责令其限期补缴少缴的税款30万元外，还依法对其进行了相应的处罚。 甲公司一直拖延缴纳税款，市税务机关在多次催缴无效的情况下，经局长批准于6月18日查封了甲公司的一处房产，准备以拍卖所得抵缴税款。
甲公司认为该房产已于4月22日抵押给乙公司作为合同担保，并依法办理了抵押物登记，税务机关无权查封该房产。据此，甲公司向上级税务机关提出行政复议。 要求：
根据税收征收管理法律制度的规定，回答下列问题：
（1）甲公司丢失发票的补救措施是否有不符合法律规定之处？说明理由。 （2）甲公司拒绝税务机关对相关发票进行拍照和复印是否符合法律规定？说明理由。
（3）甲公司少缴税款30万元属于何种行为？是否构成犯罪？
（4）税务机关在甲公司拖延纳税款，经多次催缴无效的情况下，是否可以查封其财产，以拍卖所得抵缴税款？说明理由。
（5）甲公司认为其房产已抵押，税务机关无权查封其房产的观点是否符合法律规定？说明理由。 参考答案：
（1）该公司于3月10日才到主管税务机关递交发票遗失书面报告不符合规定。根据规定，发票丢失，应于丢失“当日”书面报告主管税务机关，并在报刊和电视等传播媒介上公告声明作废。本题中，丢失发票的时间是2006年3月1日，因此在3月10日才到主管税务机关递交发票遗失书面报告是不符合规定的。（2007年教材p308页）
（2）甲公司拒绝税务机关对相关发票进行拍照和复印不符合法律规定。根据规定，税务机关在查处发票案件时，对与案件有关的情况和资料，可以记录、录音、录像、照相和复制。（2007年教材p308页）
（3）甲公司少缴税款30万元属于偷税行为。已经构成了犯罪。
（根据《刑法》的相关规定，偷税数额占应纳税额的10％以上不满30％并且偷税数额在1万元以上不满10万元的，应该给予相应的刑事处罚。本题中，偷税数额为30万元，占应纳税额比例为20％，“数额”标准和“比例”标准均达到了犯罪的界限，因此甲公司的偷税构成了犯罪。）
manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic controltechnology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can stillsuccessfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of \hen the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand （4）税务机关在甲公司拖延纳税款，经多次催缴无效的情况下，可以查封其财产，以拍卖所得抵缴税款。根据规定，从事生产、经营的纳税人未按照规定的期限缴纳税款，由税务机关责令限期缴纳，逾期仍未缴纳的，经“县以上”税务局（分局）局长批准，税务机关可以查封其价值相当于应纳税款的商品、货物或者其他财产，以拍卖或者变卖所得抵缴税款。本题中，市税务机关已经责令其限期补缴少缴的税款，但甲公司仍未缴纳，那么经多次催缴无效的情况下可以查封其财产，以拍卖所得抵缴税款。
（5）甲公司的观点不符合法律规定。根据规定，纳税人欠缴的税款发生在纳税人以其财产设定抵押、质押或者纳税人的财产被留置之前的，税收应当先于抵押权、质权和留置权执行。本题中，市税务机关在同年4月5日进行纳税检查时发现的甲欠税行为，而甲公司在4月22日将该房产抵押给乙公司作为合同担保，说明欠税的行为发生在该房产设定抵押之前，因此，税务机关有权查封其房产并以其拍卖所得抵缴税款。
manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of China's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) theofficial designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is
2007年初级会计职称考试《经济法基础》试题及答案
