.
Text 2
An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to research into what the call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.
We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem, we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.
Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves’ from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image- which must did- they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that, those who self-enhance the must (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact those who thought that the images h
.
.
igher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher self-esteem. “I don’t think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion”, says Epley. “It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves’. If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing. Knowing the results of Epley ‘s study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level, they don’t even recognise the person in the picture as themselves, Facebook therefore ,is a self-enhancer’s paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit ,style ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle it’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest,sayscatalinatoma of Wiscon—Madison university ,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves. 26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______.
[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high
[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect
[C] our need for leadership is unnatural
[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective
、【答案】A our self-ratings are unrealistically high
【解析】题目问 \根据第一段，社会心理学家发现了什么?\对应于文章第一 段第三句\社会心理学家对所谓的‘高于均数效应’或者‘虚幻的优越感’进行大量的研究，发现我们中70%的人认为自己的领导力在平均水平之上……—这些数
.
.
据明显都是不可能的。\由此可知，我们对自己评价过高。故答案为[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high。
27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______
[A] rapid watching
[B] conscious choice [C] intuitive response
[D] automaticself-defence
【答案】C intuitive response
【解析】题目问\视觉识别被认为是人们的什么?\对应于文章第三段第三句\视觉识别是自动的心理过程，这个过程依靠直觉快速发生，且并不是故意的。\由此可知，视觉识别被认为是人们的直觉反应。故答案为[C] intuitive response。
28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______
[A] underestimate their insecurities
[B] believe in their attractiveness
[C] cover up their depressions
[D] oversimplify their illusions
.
.
【答案】B believe in their attractiveness
【解析】题目问\发现有更高自尊的人倾向于怎样\。对应到第四段，第二句讲到\没有证据显示那些自我提升最多的人这样做是为了掩饰自 己的不安全，接着讲到：事实上，那些认为自己的形象高于吸引力标准的人就是那些表现出更高自尊的人，故答案为[B] believe in their attractiveness。
29.The word “Viscerally”(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.
[A]instinctively
[B]occasionally [C]particularly
[D]aggressively
【答案】[A] instinctively
【解析】题目问\最接近viscerally的意思的是?\。对应到第五段，viscerally所在句讲到\许多人讨厌照片中的自己，从某种 层面上说，他们甚至不承认照片中的人是他们自己。\而下文又讲到facebook是自我拔高者的天堂，在那里人们可以分享最满意的的照片。\由此可 知，viscerally在本句中是\本质上地\意思，故答案为[A] instinctively。
30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.
[A]present their dishonest profiles
.
.
[B]define their traditional life styles
[C]share their intellectual pursuits
[D]withhold their unflattering sides
【答案】[D]withhold their unflattering sides
【解析】题干问\我们可以推理出脸书(facebook)之所以是一个自我拔高者的天堂，是因为人们可以做什么?\对应于文章最后一段的第二 句，该句讲到\在脸书(facebook)中，人们可以分享最满意的照片。\下文接着讲到\不是人们不诚实，而是人们展示了自己最理想的形象。\故答案为 [D]withhold their unflattering sides。
Text 3
Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, on joy, typically make Americans feel uncomforuble and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating (毁灭性的) tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. But judging form recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.
Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological responset, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.
.
2014年考研英语二全文翻译答案超详解析
