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2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档:第二部分重难增分篇第四讲含答案

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凡读书......须要读得字字响亮,不可误一字,不可少一字,不可多一字,不可倒一字,不可牵强暗记,只是要多诵数遍,自然上口,久远不忘。古人云,读书百遍,其义自见。谓读得熟,则不待解说,自晓其义也。余尝谓,读书有三到,谓心到,眼到,口到。

2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档:第二

部分重难增分篇第四讲含答案

第一课时 知识过关课

1.在限制性定语从句中which,who,whom常可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常被省略。

2.在非限制性定语从句中,或者当先行词是指人的those,anyone,everyone,people,he,all,few,one(s)等时,不能用that引导。 3.以下情况下一般用that:

(1)当先行词是指物的all,little,few,much,any,anything,everything,nothing,none,the one时,或先行词被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时。

(2)先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时,或者先行词被序数词(包括last,next)、形容词最高级及the only,the very等修饰时。 (3)先行词包括人和物时。

4.当先行词是表示时间、地点、原因(且只能是reason)等,且这些先行词在定语从句中作状语时,就分别用when、where、why来引导定语从句。另外,when,where,why一般可用“介词+which”替代,其中reason后的why通常用for which替代。

邴原少孤,数岁时,过书舍而泣。师曰:童子何泣?原曰:孤者易伤,贫者易感。夫书者,凡得学者,有亲也。一则愿其不孤,二则羡其得学,中心伤感,故泣耳。师恻然曰:欲书可耳原曰:无钱资。师曰:童子苟有志吾徒相教不求资也。1 / 16

凡读书......须要读得字字响亮,不可误一字,不可少一字,不可多一字,不可倒一字,不可牵强暗记,只是要多诵数遍,自然上口,久远不忘。古人云,读书百遍,其义自见。谓读得熟,则不待解说,自晓其义也。余尝谓,读书有三到,谓心到,眼到,口到。

[注意] 当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词语时,不一定填关系副词when,where,why,只有当这些词在定语从句中作状语时,才用关系副词,否则要用关系代词。

5.当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时,这类非限制性定语从句只能由which或as来引导。两者的区别在于:

(1)which引导的定语从句只能位于主句后,而as引导的定语从句可位于主句前、中、后。

(2)which常译作“这”;而as常译作“正如”,且多与see,expect,imagine,know,hope等动词连用。

(3)在定语从句中作主语时,若用as,其谓语部分一般有be;若谓语是不含be的行为动词时,要用which。

(4)as引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事,而which不受此限制。

(5)as常用于固定搭配中:as is often the case(这是常有的事);as we expected(不出所料);as often happens(正如经常发生的那样);as is known to all(众所周知);as has been said before(如上所述);as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等等。 读语篇,悟语法。反复朗读下列短文,领悟画线和黑体部分。思考:引导定语从句的关系词是如何确定。

It was the summer of 2012, when[1] I came to Guangning No.1 Senior High School.Our school is a wonderful place, where[2] I can see a lot of beautiful buildings and a large square.Our

邴原少孤,数岁时,过书舍而泣。师曰:童子何泣?原曰:孤者易伤,贫者易感。夫书者,凡得学者,有亲也。一则愿其不孤,二则羡其得学,中心伤感,故泣耳。师恻然曰:欲书可耳原曰:无钱资。师曰:童子苟有志吾徒相教不求资也。

2 / 16

凡读书......须要读得字字响亮,不可误一字,不可少一字,不可多一字,不可倒一字,不可牵强暗记,只是要多诵数遍,自然上口,久远不忘。古人云,读书百遍,其义自见。谓读得熟,则不待解说,自晓其义也。余尝谓,读书有三到,谓心到,眼到,口到。

classroom, the roof of which[3] looks like a rocket in the distance, is located in the center of our school.The main reason why[4] I like our school is that I can make many friends.I can get along with my classmates here, two of whom[5] are my best friends.Jack,who[6] comes from Tanbu Junior High School, is very active.He likes various sports,among which[7] he likes running very much.He will run 5 kilometers every day,which[8] makes him look strong.Nick,whose[9] father is a teacher in Lianhe Junior High School, studies very hard.We often talk about the people and the things that[10] we see in our school.Nick prefers the food that[11] is made in our canteen.The teacher whom[12] he likes is Mr.Zhang, our math teacher, while my beloved teacher is my English teacher, Miss Chen.To be honest, I gradually fall in love with our school. 1.先行词是the summer of 2012,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when (=in which,during which)引导定语从句。

2.先行词是a wonderful place,在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where (=at which)引导定语从句。

3.先行词是Our classroom,直接在介词of后作其宾语,先行词是物时,只能用which。the roof of which中的of表所属关系,意为“我们教室的屋顶”。

4.先行词是the main reason,在定语从句中作原因状语,只能用why

邴原少孤,数岁时,过书舍而泣。师曰:童子何泣?原曰:孤者易伤,贫者易感。夫书者,凡得学者,有亲也。一则愿其不孤,二则羡其得学,中心伤感,故泣耳。师恻然曰:欲书可耳原曰:无钱资。师曰:童子苟有志吾徒相教不求资也。

3 / 16

2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档:第二部分重难增分篇第四讲含答案

凡读书......须要读得字字响亮,不可误一字,不可少一字,不可多一字,不可倒一字,不可牵强暗记,只是要多诵数遍,自然上口,久远不忘。古人云,读书百遍,其义自见。谓读得熟,则不待解说,自晓其义也。余尝谓,读书有三到,谓心到,眼到,口到。2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档:第二部分重难增分篇第四讲含答案第一课时知识
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