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常用医学英语词根一之欧阳体创编

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欧阳体创编 2021.02.03 欧阳美创编 2021.02.03

常用医学英语词根词缀

1.

时间:2021.02.03 创作:欧阳体 2. 人体主要器官前缀

名称 通用名 前(后)缀 常用形容词 示例

心 heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology

脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology 肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology 肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology 胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology 胆

gallbladder

chole-

biliary

holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy

肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology 脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology 胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy 肾 kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology

3. 与人体系统、器官有关的前(后)缀

名称 通用名 前(后)缀 示例

血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma 血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular 静脉 vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction 动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis

欧阳体创编 2021.02.03 欧阳美创编 2021.02.03

欧阳体创编 2021.02.03 欧阳美创编 2021.02.03

肌 muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis 髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron 细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte 尿urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital

体 body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome

4. 与数字有关的前缀

数字 前缀 示例 一

mono-/uni-

monomer/monoclone/carbon

monoxide/unidirectional

二 bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide 三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve 四tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia 五penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride 六

hexa-

hexachromic/benzene

hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund

七hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent 八octa- octahedral/octal system 九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon 十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter

注:十位数的表示一般为:个位数前缀+deca,如:hexadecanol(十六烷醇),tetradecapeptide gastrin(十四肽胃泌素),

欧阳体创编 2021.02.03 欧阳美创编 2021.02.03

欧阳体创编 2021.02.03 欧阳美创编 2021.02.03

octadecanoic acid(十八烷酸)

5. 颜色及与颜色有关的前缀

颜色 通用名 前缀 示例

色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer 红 red erythro- erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer 白 white leuko- leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira 黑 black melano- melena/melanoma/melanoderma 黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma 蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia 紫 violet/purple 绿 green

棕 brown brown mixture/brown ring

橙 orange Victoria orange/ethyl orange/orange G 粉红 pink oink frothy sputum 绯红 crimson

青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes

注:有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义,其前缀都为“cyano-”.

6. 与疾病和疾患有关的前(后)缀(1)

含义 前(后)缀 形容词 示例

病 patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis

/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy

欧阳体创编 2021.02.03 欧阳美创编 2021.02.03

常用医学英语词根一之欧阳体创编

欧阳体创编2021.02.03欧阳美创编2021.02.03常用医学英语词根词缀1.时间:2021.02.03创作:欧阳体2.人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前(后)缀常用形容词示例心heartcardiao-cardialcar
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