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? 自稳平衡的保持
? 消除对机体有害的癌细胞及病毒感染细胞 ? 抵御外界各种因素的干扰
凋亡
死亡因子介导的细胞凋亡信号通路
Bcl-2、线粒体与细胞凋亡信号转导通路 P53 介导的细胞凋亡信号通路
p53 激活 Bax 释放 Cyto c 激活 caspase
Apoptosis
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（九）Tumor Cell
Tumor is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. If the spread is not controlled, it can result in death.
Two Types of Genes in Carcinogenesis
Proto-oncogene are normal “growth genes” in human genome that promote normal cell growth, differentiation, or mitotic activity.
In normal condition, the expression of these genes are under-controlled exactly and coordinated. Tumor suppressor gene
A protective gene that normally limits the growth of tumors. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated (altered), it may fail to keep a cancer from growing
Tumor markers
The substances produced by tumor cells or by other cells of the body in response to cancer. These substances can be found in the blood, in the urine, in the tumor tissue, or in other tissues. Its measurement or identification is useful in patient diagnosis or clinical management.
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医学细胞生物学重点
