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关于中国教育体系的英文介绍
Primary education in China is mandatory and free of charge for all children between age 6 to age 12.
The courses offered in primary schools are Chinese, math, foreign language (usually English), arts, natural sciences, history, P.E. Upon graduation, students will receive a Primary School Certificate of Completion.
Most of the primary schools are public schools.
All students are required to attend three years junior high schools after graduating from primary schools. Students at junior high schools learn a series subjects. It is mandatory and free for all students between age 13 to age 15.
The subjects include taught in middle school include Chinese, mathematics, foreign language (the majority of students take three years of English), physics, chemistry, history, politics and geography, etc. The graduate of middle school receives a Junior Middle School Certificate of Completion
Upon graduation, junior secondary school students are required to take a formal examination. This examination is called “Zhongkao”. It serves as the graduation examination for middle schools. Meanwhile, it measures students potential to success at a higher level of education. Performance at this examination is the single most important criteria for senior high school’s admission. With only a few exceptions, this examination is administered at provincial level or municipal level (in cities Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing and Tianjin). These examination subjects include: Chinese, mathematics, English, chemistry, physics, history, etc.
High school education is not mandatory in China. Based on students’ performance at “Zhongkao” and their academic goals and other factors, qualified students who enter this level of education will either study in regular high schools for three years or vocational higher schools for two or three years. Both types of schools enroll about 50% students. Regular high Schools
Most regular high schools adopt Chinese national curriculum. The curriculum is very academic orientated. It is meant to provide the foundation for students to study at universities or colleges. Courses taught at regular high schools include Chinese, mathematics, foreign language (usually English), chemistry, physics, history, geography, biology, etc. There are some schools (mainly in big cities) offer international curriculum (e.g. A-Level) for students who aim to study abroad after completing high school in China
So far the majority of the regions across China have implemented a regular high school graduation examination (called “Huikao”) system. The exceptions include Guangdong province, Shanghai, Hunan province and Hubei province. Students are required to take the examination course by course in subjects of Chinese, mathematics biology, geography, physics, chemistry, history, politics, foreign language (usually English). Students must pass all of these exams to be able to graduate from high schools. Upon passing all these exams, students can get an official score report from educational authorities and be issued a graduation diploma. Vocational high schools
There are three types of vocational high schools: regular specialized secondary schools, adult
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specialized senior secondary schools，vocational high schools and skilled worker schools. Students in vocational high schools study general courses for high school students. In addition, they receive vocational trainings to prepare them for jobs in a specific field.
Upon graduation, some graduates will go directly to work places while others will continue their study at tertiary vocational schools.
National College Entrance Examination
In order to get into college, students need to take National College Entrance Examination which is known as “Gaokao”. Students’ score at “Gaokao” determines whether they are qualified to go to colleges/universities and which college they can go.
Ever since 2003, in most provinces, Gaokao takes place on June 6, 7 , 8(in Shanghai, Shandong, Hainan and Jiangsu, the testing dates are June 6, 7, 8, and 9). Starting from 2000, there has been Spring Gaokao in Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin and Shandong province, but it is not as popular as summer Gaokao. Gaokao is administered by the Ministry of Education (MOE). MOE determines the its outline, dates and format, etc.
The testing subjects and questions various among different provinces. Math and Chinese are two subjects included in Gaokao nationwide. English, Physics, Chemistry, Geography, Politics, History, Biology are selective subjects which are decided by provinces.
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中国教育体系英文介绍
