2019届高三英语二模汇编——阅读A篇
1、2019黄浦二模
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In 1888 an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near the village of Istabl Antar uncovered a mass grave. The bodies weren’t human. They were feline — ancient cats that had been mummified(木乃伊化的) and buried in holes in astonishing numbers. “Not one or two here and there”, reported English Illustrated Magazine, “but dozens, hundreds, hundreds of thousands, a layer of them, a layer thicker than most coal joints, ten to twenty cats deep. ” Some of the linen-wrapped cats still looked presentable, and a few even had golden faces. Village children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer. One ship transported about 180,000, weighing some 38, 000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on the fields of England.
Those were the days of generously funded explorations—that dragged through acres of desert in their quest for royal tombs, and for splendid gold and painted masks to decorate the estates and museums of Europe and America. The many thousands of mummified animals that turned up at religious sites throughout Egypt were just things to be cleared away to get at the good stuff. Few people studied them, and their importance was generally unrecognized.
In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. Archaeologists now realize that much of their sites’ wealth lies in the majority of details about ordinary folks—what they did, what they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies are a big part of that.
“They’re really displays of daily life,” says Egyptologist Salima Ikram. After peering beneath bandages with x-rays and cataloguing her findings, she created a gallery for the collection — a bridge between people today and those of long ago. “You look at these mummified animals, and suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.”
56. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “peddled”(paragraph 1)? A. modernized B. displayed C. illustrated D. demonstrated 57. Why was archaeology once referred to as a“treasure hunt ”(paragraph 3)? A. In the royal tombs, there were many treasures made of silver and gold. B. Animal mummies could be made into fertilizer which is very valuable. C. It was hard to find animal mummies since they were buried under dirt. D. People sought the remains of ancient Egypt merely for their material value. 58. Which of the following is TRUE about Salima Ikram?
A. She wishes to establish the continuity of pets over history.
B. She believes that studying the remains can help modern society relate to the past. C. She wants to identify the King’s personal belongings and classify them.
D. She doubts if current society will understand the significance of Egyptian remains. 59. This article probably encourages the readers to _____________. A. value the past by studying the remains left behind by our ancestors B. make full use of the remains our ancestors have left behind
C. understand that animal mummies are more important than gold and masks D. become more sensitive to the ancient lifestyle of our ancestors
2、2019普陀二模
(A)
Don’t Drop the Ball
Drop prevention risk assessment is really important. Everyone knows objects get dropped on work sites – there’s nothing radical about that. In Australia, mining has the third highest fatality rate of any industry (4.4 fatalities per 100,000 workers in 2015), and in less well-documented areas like India the fatality rate is even higher. A lot of these fatalities come from dropped objects. It’s worth trying to address this and work out just how big the risk is and where it comes from. At the end of the day, safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies. It doesn’t look good for a mining company if people are getting injured and equipment damaged from falling objects.
The risks from dropped objects come from all sorts of areas; it’s not just a matter of dropped tools. We’re talking about sites characterized by a lot of activities, where all sorts of things can come loose or fall, whether its light fittings or objects like rocks falling off transporting belts. The risks are largely personal but are also financial: if a piece of equipment gets damaged it will need replacing. That’s a pretty strong inspiration for companies to address these risks. In terms of frequency, here in Australia we’re looking at around 18% of compensation claims coming from workers being hit by moving objects, but those are just the claims – the frequency is likely higher. Around 28% of deaths and injuries come from such incidents, too. As I said earlier, that’s just Australia; some industries don’t keep statistics, but I wouldn’t be surprised to find other countries report comparable rates. That’s a lot of accidents that could be prevented with adequate safety measures.
It’s important to take an active approach. It’s a lot easier and cheaper to address these risks during the installation or maintenance phases by adding barriers to the inside of guard railings on walkways and transporting systems and adding nets to fixed devices. There are safety mechanisms available, but it’s up to the companies to install them. It is a lot more efficient to add barriers right from the start rather than waiting for an accident and then thinking, “Should we be safer?”, when they should have reduced these risks from the start.
56. Why is drop prevention risk assessment important?
A. People seldom knows the extent of risk. B. Many bosses consider their reputation. C. Many deaths are caused by falling objects. D. Companies need to save a lot of money.
57. What sorts of risks from dropped objects are there in the mining industry?
A. Light devices on the transporting belt. B. Personal injury and equipment damage. C. Safety issues and corporate development. D. Compensation claims and statistics.
58. Which of the following statistical statements is true?
A. The frequency is higher though some industries do not have statistics. B. Some 46 percent of deaths and injuries resulted from such incidents. C. Four out of ten people died in incidents like this every year. D. There have been more incidents in Australia than anywhere else. 59. What is suggested by the author to reduce the risks? A. To find a security mechanism. B. To reduce the use of tools. C. To replace the damaged equipment. D. To install some security equipment.
3、2019徐汇二模
(A)
Being able to land safely is a critically important skill for all flying animals. Whereas terrestrial animals face no particular challenge when they need to stop running or crawling, flying animals move at much higher speeds,
and they must be careful about how they land. Hitting the ground, or even water, at full flight speed would be quite dangerous. Before touching down, they must decrease their speed in order to land safely. Both bats and birds have mastered the skill of landing, but these two types of flyers go about it quite differently.
In the past it was believed that, in terms of flying mechanics, there was little difference between bats and birds. This belief was based only on assumption, however, because for years nobody had actually studied in detail how bats move their wings. In recent years, though, researchers have discovered a number of interesting facts about bat flight. Bats are built differently from birds, and their wings incorporate（结合） both their front and hind limbs （后肢）. This makes their limbs working together more difficult for bats and, as a result, they are not very good at flying over longer distances. However, a bat can quickly change its direction of flight or completely reverse it, something a bird cannot easily do.
Another interesting characteristic of bat flight is the way in which bats land—upside down! Unlike birds, which touch down on the ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed flying around and then suddenly hanging upside down from an object overhead. How do they do it? A group of researchers recently used video cameras to film bats landing on nets suspended from the ceiling of their laboratory and studied the recordings in slow motion. They painted spots on the bats’ wings to see in detail what happens to the wings in flight and during touchdown. It turns out that the bats flew in a straight line up to the net and then quickly flipped over and attached themselves to it upside down. One disadvantage to this landing routine is that the bats often slam into their landing spot with some force, which probably causes pain. However, not all bats hit their landing spots with the same speed and force; these will vary depending on the area where a bat species makes its home. For example, a cave bat, which regularly rests on a hard stone ceiling, is more careful about its landing preparation than a bat more accustomed to landing in leafy treetops.
56. In line 1, the word terrestrial is closest in meaning to _______.
A. high-flying
B. fast-moving
C. tree-climbing
D. ground-living
57. According to the passage, what skill is crucial for flying animals?
A. Diving underwater. B. Slowing down to land. C. Flying over great distances. D. Balancing on high branches.
58. According to the passage, what is an advantage that bats have over birds?
A. Bats can land on a greater variety of surfaces. B. Bats can turn in the air more quickly. C. Bats can eat while flying. D. Bats are lighter.
59. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Places where flying animals choose to land. B. Why scientists have difficulty observing bats. C. Differences in the eating habits of bats and birds. D. Ways in which bats move differently from birds.
4、2019杨浦二模
(A)
2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--阅读A篇(学生版)
