2020-2021中考英语英语阅读理解精选含答案
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读下面四篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
B
Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce back.
But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of these, it will be broken and never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance in your life. How ?
Don't look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different and each of us is special.
Don't let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself. Don't give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.
Don't be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave.
Don't shut love out of your life by saying it's impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to give it; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; the best way to keep love is to give it wings.
Don't run through life so fast that you forget not only where you've been, but also where you are going.
Don't be afraid to learn. Knowledge is weightless. It's a treasure you can always carry easily. Don't use time or words carelessly. You can't get them back. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery*, and today is a gift; that's why we call it “the present”. Life is not a competition, but a trip, step by step.
（1）According to the passage, the best way to keep love is to ________.
A. say it's impossible B. give it C. give it wings D. hold it tightly （2）The underlined phrase “bounce back”means that__________.
A. reuse B. recall C. review D. return （3）According to the passage,which of the following is true?
A. Comparing yourself with others can make you different and special. B. Running through life fast may let us achieve our goals one day. C. To learn knowledge and face the difficulties will make us careful. D. Time will never return so we need to make good use of time. （4）According to the passage, which is the best title ?
A. Treat Your Life in a Right Way B. Glass Balls Are Easy to Be Broken C. Things You Can't Do D. Nothing Is Impossible 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）D （4）A
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要是向我们讲述如何对待自己的生活，并提出了许多具体的建议。
⑴细节理解。根据第7段the best way to keep love is to give it wings可知留住爱的最好的办法就是给他翅膀。故选C。
⑵词义猜测。reuse重新使用；recall回忆；review复习；return返回。根据第一段You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce back.可知工作是一个橡皮球，如果你丢下它，它就会弹回来。故选D。
⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知必要与别人相比而小瞧了自己的价值，每个人都是不一样的，故A错误；根据倒数第三段可知在生活中不要跑这么快，否则你会忘掉自己去过哪儿，要去哪儿，故B错误；根据第六段可知不要害怕困难，通过冒险我们可以学会勇敢。根据最后一段可知时间一去不复返，所以我们要慎用时间。故选D。
⑷主旨大意。本文主要是向我们讲述如何对待自己的生活，并提出了许多具体的建议。故选A。
【点评】这是一篇议论文，谈论如何正确对待生活。阅读首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
2．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。 Dear Dr. Green, Dear Jim, My relationship with my mother is I know how you feel. It's not easy being your age. worse and worse now. It seems she's And it's not easy being a mother, either. never tired of talking. She talks here and It's common for kids to have trouble talking with there, day and night. More seriously, I parents, and talkative mothers are not new to feel like we don't have much in common. teenagers. But remember, she's nagging (唠叨) you She doesn't always understand what I'm because she just wants what's best for you. Talking trying to say. What should I do? is her way to show love and care. And she also wants Yours, to know more about you. After a day's work, she's Jim tired, too. But she will never be tired of caring about you. Kids should learn to understand and care about parents. In my opinion, it's helpful to share school life with her. Then, you talk and she listens. Doing some housework together with her is another good way for you two to know each other better. And if possible, often tell her your feelings about the things around you. Always keep in mind: be polite and patient. Yours, Dr. Green （1）Jim wrote to Dr. Green because he had trouble getting on with his friends. （2）In Jim's eyes, his mother doesn't always understand what he's trying to say. （3）Dr. Green thinks it's common for kids to have trouble talking with their parents. （4）In Dr. Green's opinion, talking is a way for mothers to relax after a day's work. （5）Dr. Green explains three reasons for mom's nagging and offers three suggestions. 【答案】 （1）0 （2）1 （3）1 （4）0 （5）1
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Jim给格林先生介绍自己的问题是与妈妈的关系越来越糟，格林先生给Jim回复告诉他解决办法。
（1）细节题。根据My relationship with my mother is worse and worse now.可知Jim和妈妈的关系越来越糟，而不是朋友，故选错误。
（2）细节题。根据She doesn't always understand what I'm trying to say.可知Jim认为妈妈不理解Jim说的，故选正确。
（3）细节题。根据It's common for kids to have trouble talking with parents可知对于孩子们来说和父母交流有困难是普遍的，故选正确。
（4）细节题。根据After a day's work, she's tired, too. But she will never be tired of caring about you.可知文章没说交流是放松的一种方法，故选错误。
（5）细节题。根据第二段可知讲了三个原因：父母想给孩子最好的，展示爱和关心，想更多了解你。第三段讲了三个方法：分享学校生活，做家务，告诉父母自己的情感，故选正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.
About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there. The city was very dirty and many people were poor. There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their houses as much as possible.
In 1749, Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people for stopping thieves. They were like policemen and were called \ Fifty years later, there were about 120\and needed more policemen. So in 1829, the first Metropolitan (or London) Police Service was started with about 3, 000 officers. Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses. Today, London police are quite well—paid and for the few police officers who still ride horses, the pay is even higher than for the others.
（1）In 1700, the men who protected the streets in London were paid _______. A. a few B. nothing C. a little D. a lot （2）About 300 years ago, many people _______.
A. wanted to leave London B. had big houses in London C. became policemen D. came to live in London （3）People didn't leave their houses because _______.
A. they had no money B. they were afraid of losing money C. the city was not clean D. they liked homes （4）The \
A. stopped people from stealing B. stole money
C. paid people for stealing D. stopped people riding horses 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了伦敦警察的发展史，起初伦敦没有警察，但随着越来越多的人来到伦敦居住，小偷变得多了起来。Henry就花钱雇佣一些人来防止小偷，伦敦的警察就产生了。后来警察的数量越来越多了，报酬也越来越高了。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.可知，在1700年，伦敦根本没有警察，少数的老人来保护城市的街道，而且题目没有报酬。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there.可知，在大约300年前，伦敦变得越来越大，越来越多的人来到伦敦居住。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as possible.可知，在300年前，伦敦的街道上有很多的小偷，所以人们都尽可能的呆在自己的家里。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句In 1750,Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to
stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called “Bow Street Runners” because they worked near Bow Street.可知，在1750年，Henry Fielding开始付钱请一些人来防止小偷。他们就像今天的警察一样，他们被叫做Bow Street Runners，因为他们在Bow Street 这个街道附近工作。故这些人是来防止小偷的。故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Everyone faces challenges in their life, but some are more important than others. Daniel Kish had serious problems with his eyes when he was born. And doctors took away both of his eyes before he was fourteen months old.
Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking(咔嗒) sounds with his tongue(舌头) to help him move around. Much like a bat(蝙蝠), he now moves about using sonar(声呐). He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how the process works. How does sonar work?
\反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then processes the sounds into images(图像). It's like having a conversation with the environment When you click, what do you see in your mind?
\feet in every direction
What is it like riding a bike using sonar?
\more than I usually do.\
Is it dangerous to move around the world in this way?
\anything and everything, but I never broke a bone (骨头) as a kid.” How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar?
\students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes, it's in the mind.\
（1）What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Kish explains how sonar works. B. Kish teaches people how to use sonar. C. Kish started to move around using sonar. D. Kish is good at riding a bicycle in traffic. （2）How does sonar work? Choose the right order. a. The sound waves reflect off surfaces. b. The person makes a clicking sound. c. The brain makes images with the sounds. d. The sound waves reach the persons ears.
A. b-a-c-d B. b-d-a-c C. a-b-d-c D. b-a-d-c
（3）What can we know about Kish from the passage? A. He always challenges himself bravely. B. He lives in fear of things that he imagines. C. He became blind when he was 14 years old. D. He broke his bone when climbing as a child.
（4）What would be the best title for the passage?
A. How Sonar Works. B. Riding a Bike Using Sonar. C. Seeing with the Mind. D. How the Blind Move Around. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述一个能面对生活挑战的人Daniel Kish十四个月打之前由于出生时眼睛有严重问题，双眼都被摘掉了。但是他现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。当问到教人们使用声纳有多困难，许多学生都惊讶于结果来得如此之快。眼见不在眼里，它在心里。
（1）段落大意题。由 he now moves about using sonar(声呐). He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how the process works. 可知本段主要说明Daniel Kish现在开始使用声呐来帮助他四处走动。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。由a：When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. b：These waves reflect off surfaces all around and d：return to my ears. c：My brain then processes the sounds into images It's like having a conversation with the environment。可知正确的顺序b-a-d-c，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。由Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking sounds with his tongue to help him move around. Much like a bat, he now moves about using sonar. He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar.然而，不久之后，他开始做一件了不起的事情。他开始用舌头发出咔哒声来帮助他四处走动。就像蝙蝠一样，他现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。可知他能够开始使用声纳到处走动，并擅长骑自行车同时教会盲人使用声纳。能像正常人一样生活，已经勇敢地战胜了自我。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。由最后段How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar? \students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes, it's in the mind.\可知使用声纳不是用眼睛看，而是在用心。只有选项C才能揭示文章的内容，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
5．阅读理解
Corky was a brave young man and he dreamed of becoming the best fighter in the world. To become stronger and get better fighting skills, he went to many schools. One day, he went to the best school in the world. Before entering the gate, he was made to hand in all his weapons (武器).
\weapons to him. A serious old teacher took Corky to his room. Before he left, he said to Corky, \a hundred days the training will start.\he soon realized the old teacher had been serious. Corky felt nervous during the first days and he tried many ways to try to get the teacher to start the training. However, it didn't work. At last Corky waited patiently and enjoyed each day in the school.
\—patience,\could hardly believe it, but he really understood that the teacher was right. Finally, the lesson began. \to Corky until he found himself tied hand and foot. Many villagers tried to hit him because they were told that Corky was a dangerous man. The same thing was repeated for days, and Corky knew he had to do something. He realized that the only way would be to deal with the villagers' anger (怒气). In the following days, Corky kept talking to them until he managed to make them believe that he was not an enemy. In the end, the villagers made friends with Corky.
Finally, Corky knew what the most powerful weapon was. He said thanks to the teacher and left.
（1）Why did the old teacher tell Corky that the training would start in a hundred days? A. Because he didn't feel well. B. Because he wanted Corky to leave. C. Because he wanted Corky to be patient. D. Because he thought Corky needed a good rest.
（2）Which of the following is the RIGHT order according to the story? ①Corky was hit by the villagers. ②Corky handed his weapons to the guard.
③Corky tried to get the teacher to start the training.
A. ③①② B. ②③① C. ③②① D. ②①③
（3）What can we infer(推断) from the story? A. Corky went to the school to kill his enemy. B. Corky stayed at the school for over 100 days.
C. Corky was tied hand and foot because he was dangerous. D. In the end, Corky killed the villagers.
（4）According to the passage, what was the most powerful weapon?
A. Strength. B. Fighting skills. C. Patience. D. Words. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了库尔奇如何想成为世界上最勇敢的战士的故事，从而告诉我们最强大的武器是我们自己和耐心。
（1）细节理解题 根据第三段的意思，可知老师为的是让他有耐心。故选C。
（2）细节理解题 ①Corky was hit by the villagers.通过村民库尔奇成功了。②Corky handed his weapons to the guard.库尔奇递给门卫武器。③Corky tried to get the teacher to start the training. 库尔奇试图让老师开始了训练。根据故事发展的顺序看应是231，故选B。 （3）推理判断题。根据第三段中描述“In a hundred days the training will start.” 可知答案B的描述是正确的。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据老师给库尔奇的两次考验，主要是考验的的耐心还有遇到问题靠自己。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题主要是在文章中找到答案的依据。推理判断题是根据上下文推断出需要的信息。
6．阅读理解
Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (代沟).
Don't argue (争辩) with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go someplace to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.
Try to reach a compromise (和解). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days.
Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect (尊敬) to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.
Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.
A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try!
（1）According to the passage who have a communication problem? A. parents and other people B. only school kids and their parents C. teachers and their students D. parents and children of all ages
（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. （3）The underlined word \ A. 建立 B. 消除 C. 通过 D. 到达 （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better ___________. A. argue with them B. keep away from them
C. agree with them all the time D. tell your parents what you care about （5）The best title for the passage is ___________.
A. How to bridge the generation gap B. How to deal with family problems C. How to be good parents D. How to be a good child 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D （5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文讲了家长和孩子之间有代沟，主要原因就是缺少沟通，当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后，就能很容易的理解对方，从而消除代沟。 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages，对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说，交流是个问题，可知交流是父母与孩子的问题。故选D。
（2）细节归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第三段第一句Don't argue （争辩） with your parents。不要和你的父母争论。第四段句子Try to reach a compromise （和解）。试图达成妥协。第六段句子Talk about your values。谈论你的价值观。可知一共说了三点建议。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上下文If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents，don't worry about it。Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）\如果你很难和你的父母沟通，不要担心，这里有一些建议可以帮助你…代沟。可知作者提供的是如何消除代沟的建议，结合选项，即这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟，所以bridge意为消除。故选B。
（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段句子\values of your parents are probably different from those of your own。Tell your parents what you care about，and why。\你父母的价值观可能与你自己的价值观不同。告诉你的父母你关心什么，为什么。可知让父母了解你的价
值观，可以帮助父母更加的了解你，故选D。
（5）标题归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages。If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents，don't worry about it。Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）。对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说，交流是个问题，如果你很难和你的父母沟通，不要担心，这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟。可知本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议，对消除代沟提出一些建议，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
7．阅读理解
Denies Walme in Texas, USA, now 14 years old, published his best-seller Unbending Gisula eight years ago. The book is about a little whale named Gisul.
One day, Gisula did not take his mother's words and went up the beach. Then he got lost and had to learn to live by himself. The colour pictures were drawn by Denies himself. Denies published the books at the age of six He is said to be the youngest writer and picture artist. Another surprising thing about the book is that it became a best seller immediately after it was published and brought him a lot of money. Because he spent much time writing the books, his study was not very good and he had to learn the year's work again but his gift of writing is highly praised by the teachers and student. And he was even invited to give talks on writing.
But Denies does not want to be a writer. He said, 'I like planes most. I dream of becoming a pilot someday.'
（1）From the story we can learn that Denies__________. A. published his Unbending Gisula at the age of 14 B. wants to be a writer when he grows up C. drew the pictures for his own book D. does not go to school anymore
（2）What Denies liked most is________.
A. writing stories B. drawing pictures C. whales D. planes （3）When did Denies publish the books?
A. At the age of six B. At the age of eight C. At the age of sixteen D. I don't know. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍作者丹尼斯个人的一些基本情况以及他的最畅销的书，他虽然学习怎么好，但是他善于写作，他梦想将来能成为一名飞行员，他的书主要介绍一只小鲸鱼，有一天小鲸鱼Gisula不听妈妈的话，爬上了海滩。然后迷路不得不独自生活的故事。
（1）细节题。根据The colour pictures were drawn by Denies himself.可知，通过这个故事我们知道丹尼斯为自己的书画画，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据I like planes most.可知，丹尼斯最喜欢飞机，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据now 14 years old, published his best-seller Unbending Gisula eight years ago. 丹尼斯现在14岁，他的最畅销的书是8年前出版的，可知，他那是才6岁，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案。
8．阅读理解
Grace Murray was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.
In 1930, Grace Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They were happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy(海军)to help her country during World War Ⅱ.Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where she worked on the Mark series of computers.
In 1945, she began to do research in Applied(应用)Physics at Harvard's Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 but continued teaching for the computer development. Brewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro. She passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her death, her workmate Elenor Briggs has been going on with her work.
Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words\ （1）How many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar?
A. About 2 years. B. About 6 years. C. About 12 years. D. About 18 years. （2）Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University? A. She studied Maths. B. She researched Applied Physics.
C. She developed computer languages. D. She worked on the Mark series of computers. （3）Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free? A. Because the lab was built with her help. B. Because she once spent some time there. C. Because Wolfeboro was her home town. D. Because she once taught there. （4）The underlined phrase \ A. worked B. died C. waited D. dreamed 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Grace Murray的一生。
（1）细节题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University 从1931年起，她一直在瓦萨任教，She taught at Vassar College
2020-2021中考英语英语阅读理解精选含答案
