名词性从句学案(I)
I．简单句五种基本句型
1、 主语+系动词+表语： e.g. Henry is a businessman. 2、 主语+不及物动词： e.g. We arrive.
3、 主语+及物动词+宾语： e.g. Henry received a million pound bank note. 4、 主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. Oliver gave Henry a letter. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：
e.g. Henry found himself carried out by the strong wind.
注：其他各种句子都可由这五种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。
II． 名词
1.什么叫名词: 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?
Henry（主语） is a businessman（表语）.
Henry, a businessman（同位语） ,received a million pound bank note（宾语）. 名词在句中主要作_主语_、_宾语____、___表语___、_____同位语__。
III. 名词性从句
名词性从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，共有四种：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句这个短句子在整个长句中做_主语______,宾语从句在整个长句中做____宾语_____，表语从句在整个长句中做___表语_______ ,同位语从句在
整个长句中做___同位语_______。
1. What made Henry puzzled was unknown. 主语从句 2. At lunch，the radio forecast that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. 宾语从句
3. ...the truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far. 表语从句
4．As Polly observed the passengers on the train，she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.同位语从句
IV．主语从句
练习1：请划出以下句子中的名词性从句 1 That he will succeed is certain.
2 Whether he will go there is not known. 3 What he said is not true.
4 Where he hid the money is to be found out. 5 Whoever comes is welcome.
6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.
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归纳：以上句中的名词性从句都是主语从句。主语从句常置于句首，即主句谓语前。
为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。
1. It is certain that he will succeed.
2. It is not known whether he will go there.
3. It has not been decided yet when they’ll start the project. 常见句型：
It’s likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that… 很可能/重要的是……/必要的是……/很清楚……
It’s said / reported that… 据说/据报道……
It seems / appears / happens that… 似乎/好像/碰巧...... It’s been announced / declared that…已经通知/宣布…… It’s no wonder that… 并不奇怪/无疑……
It’s a pity / a fact / common knowledge (众所周知)/ a common saying (俗话说) that… 连接词：that, whether, if （是否）
连接代词：who, whom，whose，what, which, whoever, whomever，whatever, whichever 连接副词：when where why how
V．宾语从句
练习2：请划出以下句中的名词性从句。 They know that the habit will kill them.
It all depends on whether they will support us. He asked how much I paid for the violin. I’m sure that you will succeed.
He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. I find it necessary that we should do the homework.
归纳：宾语从句常置于及物动词后，介词后，某些表示心理状态的adj后，或者用it作形式宾语，从句后移。
连接词：that, whether, if(是否) (that常可省略)
连接代词：who, whom，whose，what, which, whoever, whomever，whatever, whichever 连接副词：when, where, why, how 注意：
1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，
A. 当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if. I don’t know whether or not I will stay.
但是I don’t know whether/if I will stay or not.
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7 When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.
B. 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings 2. 在主+谓+it (形式宾语) +宾补(n./adj.)+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中that不省略，常用于此句型的动词有make, think, feel, believe, consider。 We must make it clear that we mean what we say.
3. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略。 He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.
VI. 表语从句：
练习3：请划出以下句中的名词性从句。 The question is whether we can rely on him.
That’s because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. That’s why I was late.
归纳：表语从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在系动词之后。作用:对主语进行解释说明。
连接词：that / whether / as if / as though (if不引导表语从句) 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because
VII．同位语从句：
练习4：请划出以下句中的名词性从句并将句子翻译成中文。 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
电脑能识别人类声音的想法使很多人惊讶。
2) He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.
他告诉我他马上要从国外回国的消息.
3) There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down. 毫无疑问汽车的价格将下跌。
4) The question who should go abroad hasn’t been decided yet.
谁会出国的这个问题还未决定.
归纳：同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词(idea; belief; fact;
truth; problem; news等)后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。同位语从句的翻译与定语从句类似，译成“……的”。 1.同位语从句的格式：n. + 连接词 + 从句 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information等
3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where等来引导同位语从句。
4. 分隔式同位语从句：同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从
句较长）
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名词性从句学案1教师用
