汉译英常用分类词汇——中国文化
概述 general terms
集体主义 collectivism 爱国主义精神 patriotism 诚实守信 honesty
公民道德建设实施纲要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlight the central theme of the times while
encouraging diversity
全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育education in social and professional ethics and
family virtues
为人民服务 serving the people
深入群众，深入生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life 奉献无愧于时代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times
中华文明博大精深，源远流长。
The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound, and has a long history. 重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage 优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts
自立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations
一、传统节日风俗文化
三节(中国的三天传统节日：端午节、中秋节和春节)
the three Chinese traditional festivals—Dragon-Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Spring Festival
1. 春节 Spring Festival/ Chinese New Year
大扫除 year-end household cleaning
扎花灯焰火 make ornamental lanterns and fireworks 烧纸钱 burn paper coins/ burn paper money 烧香 burn incenses in a censer 除夕 New Year?s Eve
春联 Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year) 年画 New Year picture
年夜饭 family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year?s Eve 压岁钱 New-Year Money/
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money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift
爆竹 firecracker
鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year
and ring in the new
饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing) 拜年 paying a New Year call 贺年片 New Year film
恭喜发财 May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best!
2. 元宵节 Lantern Festival
元宵 sweet rice-flour dumplings (eaten on the Lantern Festival) 庙会 temple fair
观灯 viewing the lanterns 灯谜 lantern riddles
龙灯舞 dragon lantern dance 狮子舞 lion dance 秧歌舞 yangge dance
植树节 Tree-planting Day
3. 清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival/ Tomb-sweeping Day/ Ch’ing Ming Festival 扫墓 paying respect to the dead
《清明上河图》 A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival
4. 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival Duanwu Festival 赛龙舟 dragon-boat race
粽子 zongji/ glutinous rice wrapped in a pyramid shape dumpling in reed
leaves
5. 七夕节 Double-seventh Festival
6. 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival 赏月 enjoying the full moon 月饼 moon cake 团圆 be united
7. 重阳节 Double-ninth Festival 登高 hill climbing 饮酒 wine drinking
赏菊 enjoying chrysanthemum
吃糕 eating cakes （糕 与 “高”谐音）
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国庆节 National Day
8. 冬至 the winter solstice 冬至饭 winter solstice dinner 9. 立春 the Beginning of Spring/ early spring 10. 秋老虎 autumn tiger
11. 芒种节 Festival of Grain in Ear 12. 春分 Rain Begins 13. 白露 White Dew 14. 霜降 Frost Falls 15. 小雪 Slight Snow
放风筝图的是这一乐，所以说放晦气。
Kite-flying is just for fun, that?s why we call it ?sending off bad luck?”.
办消寒会：hold a cold-dispelling party
二、饮食文化 food/cuisine culture
烹饪 culinary arts
美食节 gourmet festival 中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine
色，香，味俱全 perfect combination of color, aroma, taste and appearance 八大菜系 eight schools of cuisine
四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜
four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light southern cuisine, and the salty northern cuisine; the
sweet eastern cuisine, and the spicy western cuisine
八宝菜 eight-treasure pickles (assorted walnut meats, asparagus, lettuce, almonds,
cucumber and peanuts, etc. pickled in soy sauce)
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits,
sweetened bean paste, lotus seeds, longan, etc.)
白斩鸡 tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and
cutting into cubes, then dipping into seasonings)
臭豆腐 strong-smelling preserved bean curb 粉蒸肉 pork steamed with rice flour 狗不理包子 Goubuli steamed buns 油条 deep-fried dough sticks
风味小吃 local delicacy
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腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream 冷盘 hors d?oeuvres
萨其马 Manchu candied fritter cut in squares 刀切，火候 Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control
切片 slicing 切条 cutting to strips 切丝 shredding 切柳 filleting 切丁 dicing 切碎 mincing 磨碎 grinding 大/旺/武火 strong heat 中火 medium heat 小/微/文火 gentle heat
烹饪方法 cooking techniques
煎 pan-frying 炒 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 deep-frying 烩 stewing 熏 smoking 煨 simmering 煮 boiling 烘 baking 烤 roasting 蒸 steaming
红烧 braising (with soy sauce)
涮羊肉 hot-pot mutton dip-boiled mutton slices 羊肉串小摊 mutton barbecue stall
三、茶文化 tea culture
禅宗 Zen Buddhism 日本茶道 Japanese tea ceremony
茶馆 tea-house 看茶/献茶 serve tea 沏茶 brew tea 一碗茶 a bowl of tea 一杯茶a cup of tea
茶具 tea set 茶锅 kettle 茶盘 tea-tray 宜兴紫砂壶 boccaro teapot
绿茶 green tea 红茶 red tea 乌龙茶 oolong tea 黑茶 dark tea 碧螺春 Biluochun
黄山毛峰 Huangshan Maofeng 六安瓜片 Liu?an Guapian
安徽祁门红茶 Qimen Black Tea of Anhui 云南滇红茶 Dian Black Tea of Yunnan 云南普洱茶 Pu?er Tea of Yunnan 菊花茶 chrysanthemum tea 茉莉花茶 jasmine tea 浓浓的姜茶strong ginger tea
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龙井茶 Longjing tea 女儿茶 neur tea
蜜饯茶 sweetened tea 贡茶 choice tea
四、酒文化 wine culture
杜康酒 the Dukang Liquor 绍兴酒 Shaoxing wine 烧酒 hot spirits 橘酒 orange wine
冷酒 cold wine 暖酒 warm wine
发压岁钱 distribution of New-Year money 合欢宴 family reunion feast 屠苏酒 New-Year Wine 合欢汤 happy-reunion soup 吉祥果 lucky fruits
如意糕 wish-fullfilment cakes
行酒令 play a drinking game 划拳 play a finger-guessing game 射覆 play conundrums(谜)
摆酒接风 arrange a feast of welcome/ prepare a feast for sb.?s home-coming 水酒掸尘 prepare some watery wine by way of welcome 治酒饯行 prepare a farewell feast 举酒送行 offer sb. wine to see sb. off 奠酒 pour a libation
五、服饰文化 culture of costumes and ornaments
女子传统服装 traditional clothes for women(ladies)
旗袍 cheong-sam 唐装 Chinese-style costumes 立领 a stand-up collar
裙子 skirt
紫色绣花绵裙 pink embroidered silk skirt
髻/冕 tiara 珠宝髻 tiara (set) with jewels and pears 垂饰 pendant 耳环 ear pendants/ear rings
饰物 habiliments 碧玉红带 red belt with green jade 簪/钗 pin 赤金匾簪 a flat gold pin 串珠/项链 necklace 手镯 bracelets
戒指 finger ring 订婚戒指 engagement ring 结婚戒指 wedding ring
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汉译英常用分类词汇——中国文化
