第六讲 代词
一、 改正下列句子中的唯一错误：
1.31% of the students think it ridiculous. You argue that it does no good to helping people communicate, nor is it useful for learning English. 【答案】You改为They
【解析】根据上句中的\可知，该句陈述的是这些学生的观点，故该句主语用“They”，指代上句中的\。
2. Therefore, my fingers suddenly lost control of the chopsticks while he was picking up a piece of chicken. 【答案】he改为I
【解析】根据该句中的”my”并结合前文内容可知，该处陈述的是”我”的行为和动作，故用I
3. At around 8:30, on the morning of February 8th, I found a lost suitcase near the exit of Heathrow Airport. I had no choice but to hand them in to the information center. 【答案】them改为it
【解析】此处表示我别无选择，只能把它交给信息中心。此处用it指代前面提到的a lost suitcase,故把them改成it
4 . This brief visit helped myself learn much about the history of human's space exploration . 【答案】myself改为me
【解析】动词helped的主语是visit,与其宾语所指不同，不能用反身代词 5. As is known to us that knowledge starts with practice. 【答案】As改为It
【解析】题干的结构是”...is+过去分词+that...”，根据固定句型\过去分词+that...\可判断此处that引导的从句是真正的主语，应用It作形式主语。
6.According to a study, organically grown foods contain 21.1 percent more iron and 27percent more vitamin C than regular one on average. 【答案】one改为ones
【解析】句意：根据一项研究，用有机方式种植的食物平均比普通的食物铁含量多了21.1%,维生素C含量多了27%。此处one代指前面的foods,所以要用复数形式ones。替代词常用来指代前面已出现过的名词以避
免重复，此类词常见的有表泛指的one,ones;表特指的that,those,the ones;人称代词it。做此类试题，首先应判断是泛指还是特指，如果指代的是”a(n)+单数可数名词”，即泛指，如果指代的是\物主代词/指示代词+名词\即特指；然后判断用单数还是复数。
7.I will appreciate if you let me know what you have done to solve the problem. 【答案】在if前加it
【解析】appreciate后接宾语从句时习惯上要加it作形式宾语。分析该句结构可知，此处缺形式宾语\。该句使用了\句型，表示\如果……某人将不胜感激”
8. He hopes to create an environment for his students that it is much more relaxing than the one he used to study in . 【答案】去掉it
【解析】句意：他希望为他的学生创造一个比他以前学习的环境更轻松的环境。该句包含一个定语从句，从句先行词为environment,that指代environment在从句中作主语，it多余。
9. As an annual activity, it is popular with students, the purpose of the English speech competition is to help us improve our ability of communicating in English. 【答案】it改为which
【解析】本句包含一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是an annual activity,指物，引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，应用which。
10. Anyone who will take part in the competition can choose any novel you consider it the best. 【答案】去掉it
【解析】句意：任何参加竞赛的人都可以选择自己认为最好的小说。you consider the best是省略了关系词that的定语从句，关系词指代先行词novel在定语从句中作consider的宾语，it是多余的。 11. In life we all have moments when we can't achieve what we want it. 【答案】去掉it
【解析】本句中what引导宾语从句并作want的宾语，it多余应该去掉。 12. You can depend on that he will come to your help when needed. 【答案】在that前加it
【解析】当hate, like, take, owe, love, dislike, depend on, rely on, appreciate, enjoy, answer for, see to, feel like, be fond of, count on 等动词或短语后接宾语从句时，需要在从句前加it作形式宾语，这种用法属于习惯用法。 13.Finally,we put the figurines(面人）we made them on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. 【答案】.删除them
【解析】句意为：最后我们把自己做的面人放在桌上，并且与老工匠师傅合影。we made前省略了引导定语从句的which或that,它们在从句中充当made的宾语，故them是多余的 14.What's worse,I have caught a bad cold lately and I am really not me. 【答案】.me→myself
【解析】句意为：更为糟糕的是，我最近得重感冒了，状态很不好（很不舒服）。be not oneself是习惯表达，表示“不在状态”
15.It is possible that some of we may have a brother or sister. 【答案】we→us
【解析】充当介词宾语应用人称代词宾格。此句中of的宾语应为us。
16.Yesterday,one of my favorite stamps was lost, which made me really upset. I looked for it everywhere and asked everybody in the room, but still I couldn't find them. 【答案】.them→it
【解析】根据上文可知find后面的代词指代“我”最喜欢的邮票之一，故用it指代 17.I like in the winter when snow covers the whole world. 【答案】.在like后加it
【解析】句意为：我喜欢冬天白雪皓皓的世界。it在句中作形式宾语，指代when引导的从句。 18.As a student, you'd better learn how to write down notes in class before you forget it. 【答案】.it→them
【解析】句意为：作为学生，你最好学会如何在遗忘前做课堂笔记。forget后的代词指代上文提到的notes,是复数，故将it改为them
19.If a woman does not extend her hand to the man first, the man shouldn't offer theirs. 【答案】.theirs→his
【解析】句意为：如果女士不首先伸出手，男士不应该主动伸出手。本句的主语是the man,故应改为第三人称单数的名词性物主代词his
20.Just then, a lady dropped a 20-dollar bill on the ground, but he didn't realize it and started to walk away. 【答案】.he→she
【解析】句意为：就在那时，一位女士把一张20美元的钞票掉在了地上，但是她没注意，然后走开了。but后的分句的主语代指a lady,应用代词she。
21.There is no significant difference between a girl and a boy in terms of the structure and function of his brains.
【答案】.his→their
【解析】句意为：就大脑的结构和功能而言，男孩和女孩没有明显的区别。根据句意可知，此处指上文提到的男孩和女孩的大脑。故用复数形式。
22.With no better way to express feelings of love and appreciation,that is easy to see why everyone turns to the flower shop on Mother's Day. 【答案】.that→it
【解析】句意为：由于没有更好的表达爱和感激的方式，那就很容易明白为什么人人都在母亲节那天去花店买花。分析句子结构可知，动词不定式tosee...是句子的真正主语，故用it作形式主语。
短文改错（一）
Last week,there was a program calling \that respect for one's parents is one of Chinese traditional moral value. And most students nowadays are \child\
As for the program, eight \remember our parents' birthdays. Beside this, it is necessary that we should also tell our parents what we are going to do when we go out. The program has been such successful that it has been high praised by many people.
【答案】
第一处：calling→called call和program之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的program。故将calling改为called。
第二处：That→It It is known to us that...为常用句型，意为“众所周知……”，其中it为形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。而that不能用作形式主语。
第三处：value→values value意为“价值观”，为可数名词；根据其前的one of可知，应用复数形式。故将value改为value
第四处：And→But根据句意“众所周知，尊重父母是中国的传统道德价值观之一。”以及“但是现在大多数学生是独生子。”可知，两句之间为转折关系。故将And改为But
第五处：We→They 句意为：他们常常认为他们自己是家庭的中心。句主语是most students,且根据后面的their可知，此处应用人称代词They。
第六处：在worked前加been句意为：就这个项目来说，八个应该做的事项被拟定出来，要求学生们去遵守。eight“dos”与work out之间为动宾关系，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，故在worked J加been
第七处：删除an for example意为“例如”，是固定短语，用来举例说明。该短语当中不加an。故删除 第八处：Beside→Besides beside意为“在……的旁边”，besides意为“除……”。Besides this在句中作状语 第九处：such→so句意为：这个项目如此成功，以至于它受到许多人的高度赞扬。限定词后为形容词successful,故应用so修饰。意为“如此……以至于……”。故将such改为so,
第十处：high→highly句意见上一题解析。两者均可表示‘高”，但high通常表示具体的高，且主要修饰动词；highly主要表示很高的程度（意为“高度地；非常”）,除修饰动词（如 speak ise,think of等）外，还通常用于修饰分词或形容词。故将high改为highly。
短文改错（二）
Dear Mr.Wang,
Known that our library is going to buy books, I'd like to give some suggestions.
That we need most are popular science books. Usually popular science books explain basic principles of the nature in a simple and interesting way. They helped us understand science subjects better and arouse our curious about scientific discoveries.In addition to read for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration. That is because I recommend another category of books: literary books. Classic works, written by masters,present great thought through fascinating stories and language. It not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us think critically.
Yours sincerely, Anna
【答案】
第一处：Known→Knowing 此处为非谓语动词短语作状语，know与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。
第二处：That→What 此处为主语从句，连接词在主语从句中作宾语且没有范围限制，故用What;that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，且无任何意义。
第三处：删除nature前的the此处nature意为“自然界”，为抽象的一般概念，其前面不加冠词。 第四处：helped→help根据上下文的时态可知，此处叙述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。 第五处：curious→curiosity形容词性物主代词our应用来修饰名词，故此处应为curiosity。
第六处：read→reading此处to为介词，故应用动名词reading作宾语。
第七处：because→why由该句句意可知此处为上文的结果，而非原因，故应用why引导表语从句。 第八处：thought→thoughts thought意为“想法”，为可数名词，根据上下文可知，此处的“想法”不止一个，故应用名词复数形式。
第九处：It→They此处指代上文的Classic works,故应用复数形式They。
第十处：在think前加to此处encourage sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为‘鼓励某人做某事’to不可省略.
2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--代词(含答案).doc
