2019年云南昆明理工大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure
(1x30=30 points)
In this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. For each sentence four choices marked A, B, C and D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate letter on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. Because the cost of living in the United States is very high, ________ students
should be
advised to budget their financial resources with great care.
A. perspective B. prosperous C. prospective D. protective 2. When total taxes are ________ from personal income, the remainder is called disposable income.
A. distracted B. detracted C. contracted D. subtracted
3. ________ should we seek temporary economic development at the expense of the environment and resources.
A. Under any circumstances not B. Not under a circumstance C. Under no circumstances D. No circumstance
4. We want our children to have more than job skills; we want their lives to be ________ and their perspectives to be broadened.
A. envisaged B. excelled C. exceeded D. enriched 5. In East field, the conductor of the town’s orchestra is a very ________ citizen, even more renowned than the mayor or the police chief. A. dictatorial B. prominent C. fastidious D. rebellious 6. In the 1860’s, author Leo Tolstoy was________ with his family in the Tula region of Russia; while comfortably established there, he wrote War and Peace. A. ensconced B. circumscribed C. avowed D. coerced 7. He entered the United States in 1988 as a ________ resident because of his marriage to a U.S. citizen.
A. perpetual B. migrant C. registered D. permanent 8. Caught ________ guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to “scorch the earth” in front of the German invaders. A. in B. on C. under D. off
9. Just as a reader skims quickly over the individual words on page, so we ________
see a tree
exactly and completely with regard to its leaves, branches, color, shape. A. scarcely B. ironically C. logically D.
legally
10. When ________ animals are removed from their wild habitats and kept as pets,
the pet owners are likely to incur injuries.
A. feral B. vivacious C. docile
D.benign
11. All the finished products are stored in a ________ of the delivery port and
shipping is available at any time.
A. garage B. cabinet C. capsule D. warehouse
12. Arthur made the________ decision to drink plenty of water at the very beginning of the daylong hike, and thus was able to avoid dehydration.
A. crepuscular B. irrevocable C. ponderous D. canny
13. If you don’t sort out the papers on your desk on a regular basis, they just keep on ________.
A. accusing B. accumulating C. activating D. depositing
14. It was also a highly desirable political end. ________, it gave the English
a door into France.
A. However B. Whichever C. Whereas D. Furthermore
15. Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really _______ of the reality that they represent.
A. reflections B. demonstrations C. illuminations D. reproductions 16. It is through learning that the individual _______ many habitual ways of reacting to situations.
A. retains B. gains C. achieves D. acquires
17. Generally, it is only when animals are trapped that they ________ to violence in order to escape.
A. proceed B. appeal C. resort D. incline
18. Mary once _______ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music. A. merged B. collaborated C. coincided D. constituted
19. During their first teacher training year, the students often visited local
schools for the _______ of lessons.
A. observation B. investigation C. inspection D. examination
20. A membership card authorizes ________ the club’s facilities for a period of 12 months.
A. the holder using B. the holder’s use C. the holder to use D. the holder uses
21. Mr. Chang praised the________of Sylvia’s history term paper, commending her for her trenchant analysis as well as her diligence.
A. abhorrence B. effusiveness C. divergence D. perspicacity
22. Though her parents __________ her musical ability, Jerrilou's piano playing is really terrible.
A. pour scorn on B. heap praise upon C. give vent to D. cast light upon
23. Some children display an __________ curiosity about every new thing they encounter.
A. incredible B. infectious C. incompatible D. inaccessible
24. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged __________ how great their achievements are.
A. in spite of B. in ways of C. in favor of D. in terms of 25. The directions were so _______ that it was impossible to complete the assignment.
A. ingenious B. ambitious C. notorious D. ambiguous
26. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education
is one of the most ________ areas in Japanese life.
A. sophisticated B. competitive C. considerate D. superficial
27. If we _______ our relations with that country, we’ll have to find another supplier of raw materials.
A. diffuse B. diminish C. terminate D. preclude
28. This is an ideal site for a university ________ it is far from the downtown area.
A. provided that B. now that C. so that D. in that
29. Although it was his first experience as chairman, he ________ over the meeting with great skill.
A. presided B. administered C. mastered D. executed
30.A most ________ argument about who should go and fetch the bread from the kitchen was going on when I came in.
A. trivial B. delicate C. minor D. miniature
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 40 points )
Section A: In this section, there are three passages. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them four choices marked A, B, C and D are given. You should decide on the BEST choice for each question or unfinished statement and then write the appropriate letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (2x15 =30 points) Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage. Passage 1
These days, nobody needs to cook. Families graze on high-cholesterol take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart of the modern house: what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to the 21st-century home.
The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status. In America the kitchen market is now worth $170 billion, five times the country’s film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a “major” kitchen overhaul in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazine, was a staggering $54,000; even a “minor” improvement cost on average $18,000. Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson & Cornish, a British manufacturer of custom-made kitchens, offers a Georgian-style one which would cost￡145,000-155,000—excluding building, plumbing and electrical work. Its big selling point is that nobody else will have it: “You won’t see this kitchen anywhere else in the world.”
The elevation of the room that once belonged only to the servants to that of design showcase for the modern family tells the story of a century of social change. Right into the early 20th century, kitchens were smoky, noisy places, generally located underground, or to the back of the house, and as far from living space as possible. That was as it should be: kitchens were for servants, and the aspiring middle classes wanted nothing to do with them.
But as the working classes prospered and the servant shortage set in, housekeeping became a matter of interest to the educated classes. One of the pioneers of a radical new way of thinking about the kitchen was Catharine Esther Beecher, sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe. In American Woman’s Home, published in 1869, the Beecher sisters recommended a scientific approach to household management, designed to enhance the efficiency of a woman’s work and promote order.
Many contemporary ideas about kitchen design can be traced back to another American, Christine Frederick, who set about enhancing the efficiency of the housewife. Her 1919 work, Household Engineering: Scientific Management in the Home, was based on detailed observation of a housewife’s daily routine. She borrowed the principle of efficiency on the factory floor and applied it to domestic tasks on the kitchen floor.
Frederick’s central idea, that “stove, sink and kitchen table must be placed in such a relation that useless steps are avoided entirely”, inspired the first fully fitted kitchen, designed in the 1920s by Margarete Schütter-Lihotsky. It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central features of today’s kitchen.
1. What does the author say about the kitchen of today? A. It is where housewives display their cooking skills. B. It is regarded as the center of a modern home. C. It has become something odd in a modern house.
D. It is where the family entertains important guests.
2. Why does the Georgian-style kitchen sell at a very high price? A. No duplicate is to be found in any other place. B. No other manufacturer can produce anything like it. C. It is manufactured by a famous British company. D. It is believed to have tremendous artistic value.
3. What does the change in the status of the kitchen reflect? A. Improved living conditions. B. Women’s elevated status. C. Social change.
D. Technological progress.
4. What was the Beecher sisters’ idea of a kitchen? A. A place to experiment with new ideas.
B. A place where high technology could be applied. C. A place of interest to the educated people.
D. A place where women could work more efficiently. 5. What do we learn about today’s kitchen?
A. It represents the rapid technological advance in people’s daily life. B. It has been transformed beyond recognition.
C. Many of its central features are no different from those of the 1920s.
D. Many of its functions have changed greatly.
Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage. Passage 2
As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplation, but a fact of Europe's new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on Europeans’ private lives.
Europe’s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe’s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today’s tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.
Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage-twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who
2019年云南昆明理工大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷
