生态系统理论视角下农村留守儿童问题研究
【摘要】农村留守儿童是伴随着城市化和工业化进程而出现的特殊困难群体，由于父母角色的缺位、家庭结构的不完整、学校教育资源匮乏、社区文化建设低下等，他们的留守生活面临着一系列的问题。本研究在生态系统理论的指导下，通过对农村留守儿童群体以及农村留守儿童服务提供者进行调查，评估了农村留守儿童在家庭系统、学校生活、社区和社会文化中的生活现状，并尝试指出其生活系统中所存在的问题，其中，包括微观系统中的思想道德、教育学习、心理健康、安全隐患问题，中观系统中的家庭教育、同辈群体、学校教育问题，宏观系统中的社会文化、社会服务问题，且在此基础上提出了不同层次的社会工作介入方案。 【关键词】 生态系统理论 农村留守儿童 社会工作
Research on Left-behind Children in Rural Areas from the
Perspective of Ecosystem Theory
[Abstract] Left-behind children in rural areas are special group that appear with the process of urbanization and industrialization in China. Life of left-behind consist of a series of problems due to the absence of parental roles, the incomplete family structure, the lack of educational resources in schools, and the low cultural construction in communities. Following the principle of ecological system theory, questionaire survey of left-behind children and related service providers were conducted in current study. Status and problems of family, school, community, social and cultural system, among rural left-behind children were also evaluated. Life system of left-behind children can be divided into three levels: the micro system of ideological and moral, education, psychological health, safety in micro level; family education, peer groups, school education in medium level; and social culture and social services in the macroscopic level. At last, different levels of intervention from social work perspective was illustrated.
[Keywords] Ecosystem theory; Left-behind children in rural areas; Social work
目录
一、前言 ................................................ 5
1.1 研究背景与意义 ............................................. 5
1.2 相关概念界定 ............................................... 6
1.2.1 农村留守儿童........................................... 6 1.2.2 生态系统理论........................................... 6
二、文献分析 ............................................ 8
2.1 国外研究现状 ............................................... 8 2.2 国内研究现状 ............................................... 8
三、 研究思路与方法 .................................... 11
3.1 问卷调查 .................................................. 11 3.2 参与式观察法 .............................................. 11 3.3 文献分析 .................................................. 11
四、农村留守儿童综合状况调查和分析 ...................... 12
4.1 个体系统特征 .............................................. 12
4.1.1 心理现象方面.......................................... 12 4.1.2 性格状况.............................................. 13 4.1.3 越轨行为.............................................. 14 4.2 家庭系统特征 .............................................. 14
4.2.1 兄弟姐妹的数量........................................ 14 4.2.2 亲子关系.............................................. 15 4.2.3 抚养方式.............................................. 15 4.2.4 教育态度.............................................. 16 4.3 学校生活系统特征 .......................................... 16
4.3.1 学校学习.............................................. 16 4.3.2 人际交往.............................................. 17 4.3.3 教学方式.............................................. 18 4.4 社区和社会文化系统特征 .................................... 18
4.4.1 父母情感关系.......................................... 18 4.4.2 社会帮助.............................................. 19
五、农村留守儿童成长主要问题分析 ........................ 21
5.1 微观系统 .................................................. 21 5.1.1 思想道德问题.......................................... 21 5.1.2 教育学习问题.......................................... 21 5.1.3 心理健康问题.......................................... 22 5.1.4 安全隐患问题.......................................... 22 5.2 中观系统 .................................................. 23
社会工作专业生态系统理论视角下农村留守儿童问题研究
