2012-2013学年上海市金山中学高二下学期期中考试英语卷（带解析）

D．One who can work late into the night. 【答案】 4.A 5.C 6.D 【解析】

试题分析：本文介绍四个自愿者的招聘广告，包括申请人的条件，工作性质，联系方式等。 4.细节题：第一个表格的Mentoring training will be provided, support &说明C是正确的， 第三个表格的Advance does this by recruiting volunteers over 50 years of age and training them to

become advocates. Next training round for introduction to Advocacy-end说明B是对的，第四个表格的No Experience Necessary! We will provide you with preparation and support说明D是对的，只有A项没有提到有训练，选A

5.细节题：从第三个表格的句子：other residential settings and accessing day centres 可知Advance on a weekly basis.希望自愿者每周来帮忙。选C

6.细节题：从第三个表格的句子the scheme operates from 0900hrs to 2330hrs. 可知申请Kingston Advocacy的人应该是能工作到深夜的人。选D 考点：考查广告布告类短文

点评：本文介绍四个自愿者的招聘广告，属于信息筛选类短文，文本所给信息非常丰富，要求考生从中选出适合题目要求的信息。解此类题目时，考生可以先阅读题目和选项，了解具体要求，然后再仔细阅读文章，认真筛选甄别，这样的阅读就有的放矢，可以大大提高阅读的速度和效率。 The right to die

It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary(议会的) debates, Australia’s northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably sick patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: \posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history.\

The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage（通过）.

But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia - where an aging population, life extending

technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part, other states are going to

consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia(安乐死). In the US and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death, probably by a deadly injection or pill, to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed(诊断) as terminally ill by two doctors. After a \After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. \afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,\ 7.This passage is mainly about ________. A．the development and function of euthanasia

B．the passage（通过）of a law on euthanasia and its worldwide influence. C．some successful examples about euthanasia

D．conditions and procedures to perform euthanasia in Australia.

8.What does “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling” mean? A．Observers are taking a wait-and –see attitude towards the future of euthanasia. B．There is a possibility of similar bills being passed in the US and Canada. C．Observers are waiting to see the movement end up in failure. D．The process of the bill taking effect may finally come to a stop. 9. During a “cooling off” period, a patient will _________. A．wait for two doctors’ diagnosis B．sign a certificate of request C．think over his decision of euthanasia D．turn to his doctors for more advice

10.What’s the author’s attitude towards euthanasia? A．Hostile B．doubtful C．Favorable D．Indifferent 【答案】 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C 【解析】

试题分析：这篇文章主要讲的是安乐死的通过和它对全球的影响。

7.主旨题：从第一段的句子：Australia’s northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably sick patients who wish to die. 可知这篇文章主要讲的是安乐死的通过和它的全球的影响。选B

8.细节题：从第四段的句子：In the US and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.可知在美国和加拿大有可能通过相似的法律。选B

9.猜词题：从前面的句子：an adult patient can request death, probably by a deadly injection or pill, to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed(诊断) as terminally ill by two doctors.可知在 “cooling off”之前，病人提出了请求，医生做过了诊断，这里的7天应该是对安乐死的决定仔细的考虑。选C

10.作者态度题：从第四段的句子But the tide is unlikely to turn back.可知作者对于安乐死是赞同的。选C

考点：考查社会现象类短文

点评：本文考查题型多样，在文章中搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 五、信息匹配

A. Independence leading to family breakup B. Women’s easy and convenient life in USA C. No marriage for many people nowadays D. Average American families getting small E. Full freedom for young women F. Divorce--- a social problem in USA 1._________

Marriage, like other social instructions, is showing the strains of modern life. While more

Americans are getting married today than ever before, the divorce rate is also disturbingly on the rise (one divorce for every three marriages last year). Why should this be so, and what, if anything, can we do to reverse this trend? 2.__________

For most people, life is easier and more comfortable than ever before. Convenience foods from the supermarket simplify shopping and cooking. Household appliances like the vacuum cleaner and the washing machine have made housework much easier to do. Released from these household chores, many wives have found jobs outside the home. Women are achieving economic independence. 3._______

Families, too, are simpler today. In American, it is not customary for parents to live with their

married children. With our greater mobility, relatives have scattered, the parents retiring to Florida or Arizona and the young people, after they marry, going wherever their jobs or their interests take them. 4.________

Young adult women have new freedom, too. While attending college, they often live away from home, sometimes far from their parents or their relatives. After college, they move to the city, find a job, and set up “bachelor” apartment. This is the era of women’s liberation. 5.________

But all this freedom and affluence have had an unforeseen and in some respects a devastating effect on marriage. Men and women, no longer dependent on each other for food and maintenance, find it harder to accept the responsibilities and restraints or endurance the misunderstandings of married life. When happiness becomes misery, many couples decide to terminate their marriage through divorce. On the other hand, there is a growing trend today for couples in trouble to try to save their marriage by consulting a professional counselor. He listens patiently while they talk, knowing that only through self-understanding can they solve their problems. 【答案】 1.F 2.B 3.D 4.E 5.A 【解析】 试题分析：

1.从第一段的句子：the divorce rate is also disturbingly on the rise (one divorce for every three marriages last year).可知这段讲的是离婚是美国的社会问题。选 F

2.从这段的最后一句话：Released from these household chores, many wives have found jobs outside the home. Women are achieving economic independence.可知美国妇女的生活更轻松更便利了，选B

3.从这段的第一句话Families, too, are simpler today.可知现在的美国家庭变小了，选 D 4.从这段的第一句话Young adult women have new freedom, too.可知美国的女性自由更多了，选 E

5.从这段的第一句话But all this freedom and affluence have had an unforeseen and in some respects a devastating effect on marriage. 可知是独立使家庭破裂。选A 考点：考查信息匹配

点评：在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合

适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。 六、阅读填空

From bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.

Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.

The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.

“In the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas (然而) in the West, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associated professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University.

Steven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.

US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.

Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.

Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 1.What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession? 2.Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn? 3.Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because of ______. 4.______ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable. 【答案】

1.The cultural differences between the East and the West.

2.Because they needn’t rehire or train new staff. / Because they won’t / don’t need to rehire or train new staff. 3.the individual survival.