2015济南市高考英语（四月）完形填空、阅读理解小练（2）答案
【2015高考复习】阅读理解
Does stress cause gray hair？Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color.In fact，it is an_old_wives’_tale that being upset all the time can result in premature graying.Here is a closer look at this situation and why some believe that this old wives’ tale could be true.
As one ages，the hairs on the head also age.In fact，just about everything on the human body begins to show signs of wear and tear after a while.The joints wear and become stiff and skin wears and becomes wrinkled.Hairs on the head grow and eventually die.They are replaced，but in the process something else happens.
When new hairs are replaced，the color or pigment (色素) is also added to them.However，as one ages，this pigment becomes less and less available.At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color.In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white.Many things are known to cause graying，and genetics is a very powerful factor.If one of your parents turns gray at an early age，there is a good chance that you will too.Some people begin the graying process in high school，while others may be over the age of forty.
Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body.It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss.It would make sense that if it can cause these problems，perhaps it also may contribute to graying.However，there is no sound evidence to support this.
On the other hand，many medical professionals believe that there may be a link between graying and a constant state of anxiety or tension.Does stress cause gray hair？There is no scientific evidence to support the theory，but it is best to avoid stressful situations.
【语篇解读】 压力会导致头发变白吗？许多人相信情况是这样的。本文从年龄和基因两方面谈了头发变白的原因，持续的压力和忧虑对于身体是有害的，可导致脱发。但是，究竟压力和头发变白之间是否有联系，目前尚无定论。
1．The underlined phrase in the first paragraph most probably means________. A．clever remarks B．silly remarks C．exciting remarks D．disappointed remarks
解析 词义猜测题。画线短语前面提到“Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color”，即许多人相信紧张和压力导致头发褪色变白。短文接着谈到“In fact，it is...”，这是推测画线词意思的关键。因此an old wives’ tale意为“无稽之谈”。 答案 B
2．The second paragraph mainly tells us________. A．every part of body is replaced with age B．hairs will grow weak but not die C．skin becomes wrinkled with age D．every part of body ages with age
解析 主旨大意题。第二段第一句话是该段的主题句。从中可以看出，人体的每一部分都会随着年龄的增长而衰老。 答案 D
3．What might play the most important role in the graying process? A．Genetics and the amount of sleeping time.
- 1 -
B．The amount of food people eat and living environment. C．The amount of pigment and genetics.
D．Genetics and the amount of water people drink 解析 细节理解题。本文第三段提到“At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color.In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white.Many things are known to cause graying，and genetics is a very powerful factor.”由此可以看出，色素和基因在头发变白的过程中起着重要的作用。 答案 C
4．According to the passage，continuous pressure may result in________. A．a person’s fatness B．a person’s fitness
C．a person’s weight loss D．a person’s hair loss
解析 细节理解题。本文倒数第二段提到“Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body.It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss”。由此可知，持续的压力会导致脱发。 答案 D
5．From the passage we can infer that________. A．stress causing gray hair is still in question B．gray hair has nothing to do with tension C．stressful situations can be of benefit D．sound evidence has been found
解析 推理判断题。本文倒数第二段最后提到“However，there is no sound evidence to support this.”最后一段也提到“There is no scientific evidence to support the theory...”。由此可知，是否压力会引起头发变白仍无定论。 答案 A。
阅读理解。
Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark——alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump——convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning (禁止) the device.
The recall may hurt Symbion Inc., maker of the Jarvik-7, but it won't end the request for an artificial heart. One problem with the banned mode is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage for infection. Inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed, along with a tiny power pack, in the patient's chest. The first sample products aren't expected for another 10 or 20 years. But some people are already worrying that they'll work---and that America's overextended health-care programs will lose a precious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. If such expenditures (开支) cut into funding for more basic care, the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation's health. 11. According to the passage, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be _____. A. a technical failure B. a technical wonder
C. a good life-saver D. an effective means to treat heart disease
- 2 -
12. From the passage we know that Symbion Inc. _____.
A. has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts B. will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models C. may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts
D. can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years 13. The new models of artificial hearts are expected _____.
A. to have a working life of 10 or 20 years B. to be set fully in the patient's chest C. to be equipped with an external power source D. to create a new passage for infection 14. The word \
A. doctors who treat heart diseases B. makers of artificial hearts C. America's health-care programs D. new models of artificial hearts 15. Some people feel that _____.
A. artificial hearts are seldom effective
B. the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts C. the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts
D. America's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health
【参考答案】11—15、ACBDB
完形填空。
I was on a bus one March evening. The driver didn't__1__to start the bus soon because it was not yet__2__. A middle-aged woman got on. Tired and sad, she told her story__3__， not to anyone in
particular. On her way to the station, half of her__4__was stolen. The other half was hidden under her blouse, so she__5__still had some left. A few minutes later, she stopped crying, but still looked__6__.
When all the seats were taken, the driver started the engine. The conductor began to collect fares(车费). When she came to an old man in worn-out clothes, he__7__that he had spent all his
money when he had accidentally got on a wrong bus and now he was trying to go home. On hearing this, she ordered the old man to__8__the bus. The old man was almost in tears as he__9__her to let him take the bus home. The driver took the conductor's side and repeated the conductor's__10__.
The woman was watching the incident.__11__the driver and the conductor raised their voices at the old man, she interfered(干预)．
“Stop__12__him! Can't you see he's only trying to get home？” “He doesn't have any money! ” the driver__13__.
“Well, that's no__14__to throw him off the bus，” she insisted.
Then she reached inside her blouse, took out her__15__money, and handed it to the conductor. “Here's his fare and mine. Just stop giving him a__16__time.”
All heads turned to the woman. “It's only money，” she shrugged.
She rode the rest of the way home__17__a happy smile, with the money she'd lost earlier__18__. On the road of life, the help of strangers can__19__our loads and lift our spirits. How much sweeter the__20__will be when we make it a little smoother for others!
本文主要讲述了作者在乘车期间目睹的一切和自己内心的感触。 1．A.try B．care
- 3 -
山东省济南市高考英语 完形填空阅读理解小练(2)
