-*
8A Unit 1 Friends 知识点
一、重点短语
1. 一些喝的东西_________________ 2. 关心，在乎______________ 3. 和某人交谈______________ 4. 谈论某事______________
5. 告诉某人关于某事______________ 6. 为某人保守秘密______________ 7. 愿意做某事______________ 8. 使我开心_________________
9. 相信某人说的话_________________ 10. 写信给青少年杂志_________________
11. 在…方面有问题_________________ 做某事有问题_________________ 12.信任某人_________________ 13. 对某人撒谎_________________
14. 给某人讲笑话_________________ 15. 我最好的朋友之一_________________ 16.随时_________________
17. 帮助某人某事_________________ /帮助某人做某事_________________
18. 对某人友好_________________ 19. 在公交车上给需要的人让座_______________ 20. 长大_________________ 21. 与某人分享某事_________________ 22. 使某人做某事_________________ 23. 很有幽默感_________________ 24. 对某人感到无聊_________________ 25. 有一副好嗓子_________________ 26. 走过我们的课桌_________________ 27. 把。。。撞到。。。上面_________________ 28. 又长又直的头发_________________ 29 说某人的坏话_________________
30. 一个真正的朋友_________________ 31. 某事困扰（使担心）某人_________________ 32. 去找某人（求助）_________________ 33. 选择某人作为你最好的朋友_________________ 34. 最贵的电脑_________________ 35. 一次绘画比赛_________________ 36. 一次英语测试_________________ 37. 在六个学生中_________________ 38. Millie的身高和体重_________________ 39. 与某人交朋友_________________
40. 因....而出名/作为...而出名_________________ 41. 认真地倾听人们的问题_________________ 42. 周游世界_________________ 43. 谈论我们的未来计划_________________ 44. 一位社会工作者_________________ 45. 漂亮的艺术品_________________
46. 更多的了解...._________________ 47. 一个扎马尾辫的女孩_________________ 48. 一张圆/方的脸_________________ 49. 明亮微笑的眼眸_________________ 50. 面带微笑_________________ 51.有耐心_________________
52.感到不快乐/悲伤_________________ 53. 和孩子们一起工作_________________ 54. 成为一名杰出的老师_________________ 55. 对某人大方_________________
二、重要句型
1. what about some milk？ 再来点牛奶怎么样？ what about= how about ? 意为“..... 怎么样？”，后面跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式，用于表示邀请、建议、询问消息或征求对方意见。其他表示建议或征求意见的句型还有：
（1）Shall I/we do sth ? 我/我们做..... 好吗？ （2）Let’s do sth, (shall we?) 让我们做.....，(好吗?) （3）Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做.....吗？
（4）Why not do sth ?= Why don’t we/you do sth ? 为什么不做.....呢？ （5）Would/Will/Could/Can you please do sth? 请你做.....，好吗？
注意：在征求意见或希望得到肯定回答的问句中，常常用some，而不用any，上述句型都可以与some连用。 例题：（1）---- I feel stressed（压力的）from time to time . Could you give me some advice ? ----_______ sharing your worries with your parents ?
A. Why don’t you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like （2）Would you please ___________(not make) so much noise ?
（3）You should have some water .（同义句） _______ _______ have ______ water ?
-*
2. Betty is one of my best friends. Betty 是我最好的朋友之一。
one of....用法 （1）one of +复数代词宾格或名词复数，在这一结构中，如果 one of 短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
One of them is good at maths One of the apples has gone bad . 期中一个苹果坏了 （2）One of+ the +形容词最高级+名词复数，同样的如果作主语，视为单数。 如： The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
例题：One of the _______(student) _______(come) from the USA in our class.
Jay Chou is one of _________________(popular) _______(sing) among the young at present.
3. They make him look smart . 它们使他看起来很精明。 make是使役动词，意为“使，让”，一般有以下用法
make +n（名词）+adj（形容词） make+n+n make sb do sth : 使某人做某事 例题：He lost his key. It made him ________(stay) in the cold to wait for his wife’s return. The news that Tom failed the tests made his father _______. A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. happily
4. May is a true friend. 梅是一个真正的朋友。
true adj. 确实的，的确 其副词形式为 truly，名词 truth，意为“真相，事实”
true与real 区别：true 着重表示某事物与实际情况相吻合；而real着重表示事物是客观存在的，并非想象捏造出来的。 例题：（1）I think its a ______ pleasure （高兴）if the news is ______ . 我认为如果这个消息是真的，那真是一件令人高兴的事。 （2）I can’t believe I am ______(real) going to meet the pop star . （3）Is it _______ that you will go abroad for further study?
5. When something worries me , I can always go to her. 当有事情困扰我的时候，我总能去找她倾诉。 worry用法。（1）vt 及物动词：使....担心，使烦恼 常用短语：sth worry sb 某物使某人担心 如： Don’t worry me with such a little thing.
（2）vi 不及物动词：为....而担忧，烦恼 ，可单独使用，也可接介词about，worry about sb/sth 担心某人/某事
如： Don’t worry about me. I can look after myself.
其形容词为worried， be worried about = worry about. 例题：---The school network will be closed in a few days .
--- That doesn’t _____ me at all. I’m not a net-worm （网虫） A. worry B. worry about C. worried D. be worried about
6. Max looks smart in his small round glasses. 马克斯带着小圆眼镜看起来很精明。 某人穿着/戴着某物 看起来...... 表达句型有两种
sb looks + adj + in+ sth = sth looks +adj + on+sb （人穿在衣服里面，所有人作主语，后面介词用in sth；衣服穿在人身上，所以衣服作主语后面的介词有on sb）
例题：The pair of jeans looks nice _____ Sandy because she looks very nice ______ red . A. on ;on B. on ; in C. in ;in D. in ; on
7. Height and weight 身高和体重 height 名词，意为“高度”，其形容词为high。
问某物的高度常用句型：What’s the height of sth ? 或 How high is sth? weight 名词，意为“重量”，其形容词为heavy，动词为weigh。
-*
问某人的体重常用句型： What’s the weight of sb?/ What’s sb’s weight ? 或 How heavy is sb ? 或How much does sb weigh ?
例题：(1) ----_____ is the height of Tom , Helen? ----- He’s about 180cm. A. What B. How heavy C. How tall D. How much
(2) The egg weighed about 50 grams . （对画线部分提问）___________________________?
8. What’s sb like? 与What does sb look like? 有什么区别
What does sb look like? 意为“某人长得什么样子？”用来询问某人的外貌特征 What’s sb like? 除了用来询问某人的外貌外，还可以问某人的性格和个性。 What does sb like? 某人喜欢什么？ How does sb look? 某人看起来怎么样？
没有 How does sb look like ? 或 How does sb like? 例题：---__________? ---- He is friendly.
A. How is he B. What does he look like C. What does he like D. What is he like
三、重点语法 形容词的比较级和最高级
? 比较级和最高级的构成
规则变化：单音节的词及少部分双音节的词在词尾加-er或-est；注意重读闭音节（即辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾）的单词要双写尾字母再加-er或-est。
如：small__________ nice__________ busy________ thin_______ slim______ 大部分双音节词及多音节词（三个及三个以上音节的）在词前加more 或most。 如: popular_____________ boring_________ fun_______ 注意：以-le,-ow, -er结尾的双音节词或是-y结尾的形容词，比较级和最高级构成均是在后面加-er或-est；但是以ly结尾的副词必须用more和most构成比较级和最高级形式。
如：narrow（狭窄的）__________ friendly_______________ simple（简单的）_________
gentle__________ clever_______________ slowly______________ early__________ 不规则变化：good/well______________ ill/badly/bad __________________
many /much ____________ little ____________ far _____________________（注意两者区别）
? 形容词比较级基本句式:
①A + be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B…)
②Which/Who +be +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更…, A 还是B？)
? 比较级前的修饰语：常见修饰比较级的副词及意义：much = a lot (…得多) ；a little = a bit (…一点
点)； even (甚至)；still（更）；far (远远…) ；any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中) 如：Our village is much ____________(beautiful ) than theirs .
His handwriting is even ________(good) than yours .
? 使用比较级时的注意事项
1. 比较的双方必须是同类人或事物，即比较对象要一致。 改错：My bag is heavier than her. ________________
2. 在含有比较级的句中，前后比较对象的性质要相同，为避免重复，后面的比较对象用that（指代前文的单数）或those（指代前文的复数）代替，that或those既可以指人，也可以指物。
改错: In winter, the weather in guangzhou is much warmer than Beijing. __________________________ The books in our school library are more than your school. __________________________ 3. 比较的范围要清楚。同一范围内比较
比较级+than any other +单数.+in.... = 比较级+than anyone else +in…
=比较级+than + the other +复数/the others +in… (只有同一范围比较才能出现other/else) 非同一范围内比较 比较级+than any+单数+in…
-*
例题：（1）Shanghai is larger than ___________ in China.
A. any city B. any other city C. the other city D. all other cities （2）Shanghai is larger than _________ in Jiangsu.
A. any city B. any other city C. the other city D. all other cities 4. 避免重复比较，千万不能出现“more+比较级” 改错： Tom is more busier than his sister these days.
5. 比较级前面一般不用定冠词the，但是如果比较范围是“of + the two”，则比较级前就要用定冠词the表示与另一个的区别，即 the+比较级+of the two. 如：（1）He is _______ of the two boys. A. a taller B. taller C. the tallest D. the taller
（2）Which is _____, Mary or Millie? A. taller B. the taller C. more taller D. tallest
（3）This is a very interesting film, I never see ______ one. A. better B. a better C. best D. the better.
6. 不含than的比较级句式： （1）“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +多音节词” : “越来越…” 他越来越高。 He’s taller and taller.
英语越来越重要 English is more and more important.
（2）The+比较级…, the+比较级… —— “越…, 越…”
你越快乐就越美丽。The happier you are, the more beautiful you are.
? 最高级的用法
(1)形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前的the可省略。
后面多用of/among……或in……短语,其中of/among 后接的名词与主语属于同一类事物；in+比较的范围
如：The book is the most interesting ______ all the books. I’m the cleverest _____ our class.
(2)表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最....”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，B or C? ”表示。
Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?
（3）表示“最.....的.....之一”时，用“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。
Our school is one of _________(good) ________ (school) in our city.
（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最........”.，即“....the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in+范围”
The Yellow River is the second ________ river in China. A. long B. longer C. longest D. shortest
(5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加the China's biggest city is Shanghai.
Fishing is his latest（最新的） hobby.
练习：
（ ）1. .---You are as __ as your brother. --- Yes, I seldom have a cold
A good B nice C kind D well （ ）2.Lucy’s pen is ___ nicer than yours.
A.too B.more C.quite D.a little （ ）3. .---You do housework as __ as your wife.
-*
A carefully B careful C good D wonderful
（ ）4.---Is your maths better than______? ---Yes, I work harder at it than _____, you know .
A. Kate; her B. Kate’s ; her C. Kate; she D. Kate’s ; hers
（ ）5. I think snakes are ______ among the wild animals . A. more dangerous B. most dangerous C. much dangerous D. the most dangerous （ ）6. You’d better put your heart into study. You see, the ______ you are , the ______ progress （进步） you’ll make . A. careful；much B. more careful； more C. most careful；most D. carefully; many
（ ）7. This computer is the best one ______ the shop, but it is also the most expensive _____ the computers. A. in; of B. in; in C. of ;of D. of; in （ ）8. When autumn comes; the weather becomes ________.
A. cooler and cooler B. cool and cool C. hotter and hotter D. hot and hot
（ ）9. Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital . But after a weeks rest , she felt much ______ A. good B. better C. bad D. worse （ ）10. Tom is taller than _______ in his class. A. any boy B. the other boy C. any other boys D. the other boys （ ）11. ---Do you like Zhang Bichen’s song ?
--- Yes, she is the winner of The Voice of China Ⅲ. I can’t think of anyone with a ______ voice. A. best B. better C. good D. worse
（ ）12. I’ll buy ______ of the two skirts . It looks much nicer on me . A. the smaller B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest ( )13. The computers made in China are much cheaper than_______ made in America. A. those
B. ones
C. it
D. that
（ ）14. ---- The picture is , I have to say , not a bit beautiful .
---- Why ? It’s _______ than the pictures I have ever seen . A. far more beautiful B. much less beautiful C. no more beautiful D. any less beautiful .
（ ）15. Lily’s room is much larger than mine . It’s about __________ mine in area . A. as twice big as B. twice as big as C. as big as twice D. as big twice as 16. English is not as difficult as maths . English is _______ ________ maths .
17. Andy did badly in the English test , but I did even _______(bad). 18. I may be able to give you some further information about it.
19. 你学习越努力，你得到的分数（marks）就越高。
___________________________________________________________________________
20. Peter 是三个男孩中最诚实的。
___________________________________________________________________________
译林英语8Aunit1学习知识重点教案
