2017年全国职称英语等级考试(理工B)真题及答案

B. all children are alike.

C. children should take one intelligence test. D. there is no general intelligence.

34. According to Gardner, schools should ______. A. test students’ IQs.

B. train students who do poorly on tests.

C. focus on finding the most intelligent students. D. promote development of all intelligences. 35. Gardner thinks that his theory has a ______. A. musical foundation. B. biological foundation. C. intrapersonal foundation. D. linguistic foundation. 第二篇 The Mir Space Station

The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years

of pioneering the concept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its

accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space.

During Mir’s lifetime, Russia spent about US $4.2 billion to build and maintain the station.

The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles.

The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the

international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations.

A debate continues over Mir’s contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and carried scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favouring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.

Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures. Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir’s reputation as a space station was ruined.

Mir’s setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with its

accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But it’s time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.

(出处：2014年职称英语教材理工类概括大意与完成句子 第八篇The Mir Space Station) 36. We can learn from the passage that the Mir Space Station A. was designed to last over 5 years.

B. played host to 7 astronauts from different countries. C. was visited only by Americans. D. was built by Russians.

37. One of the contributions Mir makes to science is that it A. help astronauts get close to Mars.

B. enables scientists to develop new scientific equipment. C. sets a record of the longest single human stay in space.

D. shows that multinational operations in space are less expensive. 38. What happened to Mir in 1997? A. it ran out its fund.

B. it was completely damaged by fire.

C. its reputation was ruined due to power failures. D. its main computer system broke out. 39. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that A. space exploration will not experience setbacks.

B. it is difficult for other space stations exceed Mir’s success. C. Mir is the best long-term human habitation in space in history. D. multinational space operation are getting more accomplishments. 40. What is the author’s attitude toward Mir?

A. indifferent. B. ironic. C. favorable. D. negative

第三篇 Eye-tracker Lets You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance

Bored of using a mouse? Soon you'll be able to change stuff on your computer

screen—and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet – with nothing more

than a glance.

A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object—a photo, say – and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly.

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content that we want to acquire,\colleagues at Lancaster University, UK.

Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or

contact information from a public display to your smartphone or for sharing photos. A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the \点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. \it pointed at,\

Christian Holz, a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this

fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact. \slick way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism,\allows users to seamlessly interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner.\

While current eye-trackers are rather bulky, mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future. Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or

drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touchscreen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Lule, Sweden, last week.

41. The eye-tracker technology enables us to A. change our computer screen. B. focus on anything that interests us. C. get a smartphone connected wirelessly. D. move an object from screen with a glance. 42. Why is a button needed?

A. To minimize the cost of EyeDrop.

B. To choose as many objects as possible. C. To make EyeDrop different from others. D. To select what we want.

43. The word “this” in Paragraph 6 refers to

A. application of gaze-tracking in human-computer interaction. B. interaction between human and computer.

C. combination of gaze-tracking with input on touch devices. D. generalization of EyeDrop system.

44. Which of the following statements is true of eye-trackers for consumer users? A. They are costly. B. They are available.

C. They are installed in Google Glass headset. D. They are expected to come out soon. 45. What is Turner likely to study next? A. How to drag and drop with gaze and taps. B. How to present the system in public. C. How to get touch screen involved.

D. How to cut and paste content from a public display. 第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。 The Day a Language Died

When Carlos Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Carlos Westez,

more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear various songs of the

Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s. Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. (46 ) They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.

We are all aware of the danger that modern industry can do to the world’s

ecology（生态）. However, few people are aware of the impact that widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well. （47 ）When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few

people die out.

Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples. Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopian will have the same fate because each one has only a few

speakers. （48 ）In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, also are dying out.

Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. （49 ）The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.

What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant, insect, or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what we’ve lost and to

appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural world. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder Cloud, must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. （50 ）

A. However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carolina, where he learned the language.

B. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.

C. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction（灭绝）.

D. As these languages become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increases.

E. These languages don’t have many native speakers.

F. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart. 第6部分：完形填空（第61—65题，每题1分，共15分） Underground Coal Fires

Coal burning deep underground in China, India and Indonesia is threatening the

environment and human life, scientists have warned, these large-scale (51) blazes cause the ground temperature to heat up and kill surrounding vegetation, produce greenhouse gases and can (52) ignite (点燃) forest first, a panel of scientists told the annual meeting of the American Association For the Advancement of Science in Denver. The resulting (53) of poisonous elements like arsenic and mercury can also pollute local water sources and soils, they warned.

“Coal fires are a global catastrophe,” said Associate Professor Glenn Stracher of