CONTENTS 目录
To the teacher and student
About this course How to use this course
致教师和学生
关于本教材的说明 本教材使用说明
Introductory test leading to Part 1 Part 1
Unit 1 Instructions to the student Lesson 1 Finding fossil man 发现化石人 Lesson 2 Spare that spider不要伤害蜘蛛 Lesson 3 Matterhorn man马特霍恩山区人 Lesson 4 Seeing hands能看见东西的手 Lesson 5 Youth青年
Lesson 6 The sporting spirit 体育的精神 Lesson 7
Bats蝙蝠
Lesson 8
Trading standards 贸易标准
Unit 2 Instructions to the student Lesson 9 Royal espionage王室谍报活动 Lesson 10 Silicon valley 硅谷
Lesson 11 How to grow old如何安度晚年 Lesson 12 Banks and their customers 银行和顾客 Lesson 13 The search for oil 探寻石油 Lesson 14 The Butterfly Effect 蝴蝶效应 Lesson 15
Secrecy in industry工业中的秘密 Lesson 16
The modern city 现代城市
Unit 3 Instructions to the student Lesson 17 A man-made disease 人为的疾病 Lesson 18 Porpoises 海豚
Lesson 19 The stuff of dreams 话说梦的本质 Lesson 20 Snake poison 蛇
Lesson 21 Williams S. Hart and the early Western5 film 威廉■ S ■哈特和早期的“西部”影片Lesson 22 Knowledge and progress 知识和进步 Lesson 23 Bird flight 鸟的飞行方法 Lesson 24
Beauty 美
ii vii xii xiii xvii 1 3
4 5 11 17 23 29 35 41 47
52 53 59 65 70 76 82 87 92
97 98 ]04 110 115 121 127 132 138
Introductory test leading to Part 2 Part 2
Unit 4 Instructions to the student Lesson 25 Non-auditory effects of noise 噪音的非听觉效应 Lesson 26 The past life of the earth地球上的昔日生命 Lesson 27 The 'Vasa' “瓦萨”号
Lesson 28 Patients and doctors 病人与医生 Lesson 29 The hovercraft 气垫船
Lesson 30 Exploring the sea-floor 海底勘探 Lesson 31 The sculptor speaks雕塑家的语言 Lesson 32
Galileo reborn伽利略的复生
Unit 5 Instructions to the student Lesson 33 Education 教育 Lesson 34 Adolescence 青春期 Lesson 35 Space odyssey太空探索
Lesson 36 The cost of government 政府的开支 Lesson 37 The process of ageing 哀老过程 Lesson 38 Water and the traveller，水和旅行者 Lesson 39 What every writer wants 作家之所需 Lesson 40
Waves海浪
Unit 6 Instructions to the student Lesson 41 Training elephants 训练大象 Lesson 42 Recording an earthquake 记录地震
Lesson 43 Are there strangers in space?宇宙中有外星人吗？Lesson 44 Patterns of culture 文化的模式 Lesson 45 Of men and galaxies 人和星系 Lesson 46 Hobbies业余爱好 Lesson 47 The great escape 大逃亡
Lesson 48
Planning a share portfolio 规划股份投资
Appendix 1: Personal names附录1：人名中英文对照表
Appendix 2: Geographical names附录2：地名中英文对照表 144 147
148 149 155 160 166 172 177 183 188
194 195 201 207 213 218 223 228 234
239 240 245 251 257 263 268 274 280
285 285
IF YOU CAN DO THIS TEST GO ON TO PART 1
Read the following passage carefully, then do the exercises below:
The boy put on his goggles, fitted them tight, tested the vacuum. His hands were shaking. Then he chose the biggest stone he could carry and slipped over the edge of the rock until half of him was in the cool, enclosing water and half in the hot sun. He looked up once at the empty sky, filled his lungs once, twice, and then sank fast to the bottom with the stone. He let it go and began to count. He took the edges of the hole in his hands 5 and drew himself into it, wriggling his shoulders in sideways as he remembered he must, kicking himself along with his feet.
Soon he was clear inside. He was in a small rock-bound hole filled with yellowish-grey water. The water was pushing
him up against the roof. The roof was sharp and pained his back. He pulled himself along with his hands ―- fast, fast — and used his legs as levers. His head knocked against something; a sharp pain 10 dizzied him. Fifty, fifty-one, fifty-two ... He was without light, and the water seemed to press upon him with the weight of rock. Seventy-one, seventy-two ... There was no strain on his lungs. He felt like an inflated balloon, his lungs were so light and easy, but his head was pulsing.
He was being continually pressed against the sharp roof, which felt slimy as well as sharp. Again he thought of
octopuses, and wondered if the tunnel might be filled with weed that could tangle him. He gave 15 himself a panicky, convulsive kick forward, ducked his head, and swam. His feet and hands moved freely, as if in open water. The hole must have widened out. He thought he must be swimming fast, and he was frightened of banging his head if the tunnel narrowed.
A hundred, a hundred and one ... The water paled. Victory filled him. His lungs were beginning to hurt. A few more
strokes and he would be out. He was counting wildly; he said a hundred and fifteen, and then, a 20 long time later, a hundred and fifteen again. The water was a clear jewel-green all around him. Then he saw, above his head, a crack running up through the rock. Sunlight was falling through it, showing the clean dark rock of the tunnel, a single mussel shell, and darkness ahead.
He was at the end of what he could do. He looked up at the crack as if it were filled with air and not water, as if he
could put his mouth to it to draw in air. A hundred and fifteen, he heard himself say inside his head 25 — but he had said that long ago. He must go on into the blackness ahead, or he would drown. His head was swelling, his lungs cracking. A hundred and fifteen, a hundred and fifteen pounded through his head, and he feebly clutched at rocks in the dark, pulling himself forward, leaving the brief space of sunlit water behind. He felt he was dying. He was no longer quite conscious. He struggled on in the darkness between lapses into unconsciousness. An immense, swelling pain filled his head, and then the darkness cracked with an explo- 30 sion of green light. His hands, groping forward, met nothing, and his feet, kicking back, propelled him out into the open sea.
DORIS LESSING Through the Tunnel from The Habit of Loving
Pre-Unit Test 1
Comprehension
Give short answers to these questions in your own words as far as possible. Use one complete sentence for each answer.
1 Why was the boy able to get to the sea bed quickly?
2 Why did the boy find it difficult to swim after he was inside the tunnel? 3 Why did the boy get into a panic as he swam through the tunnel?
Vocabulary
Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage: goggles (1.1); filled his lungs (1.3); wriggling (1.5); as levers (1.9); dizzied (1.10); inflated (1.11); slimy (1.13).
Summary writing
In not more than 80 words write an account of the boy's experiences under the sea as described in lines 18- 31 (*A hundred ... the open sea/) Use your own words as far as possible. Do not include anything that is not in the last two paragraphs.
Composition
Write a composition of about 300 words on one of the following subjects: 1 The most frightening experience I have ever had. 2 A holiday by the sea. 3 Dangerous sports.
2
Parti
新概念英语第四册
