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4. It’s important to stick with it.
本句用了“It is/was + adj. + to do sth.”的结构，It is/was + adj. + to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，
to do sth.为句子的真正的主语，而it为形式主语，形式主语不能用别的词来代替，句中可在形容词后加for sb.，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……的”。例如：
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language. 对我们来说，学习一门外语是相当重要的。 It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables. 对我们来说，多吃蔬菜和水果是必要的。
【拓展】
这个句型中的for sb.有时也可以用of sb. 二者意义有区别：
(1) 在It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 中，for sb.意为“对某人来说”，句中的形容词是用来说明to do sth.
的，形式主语只能用it。例如：
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework. 对于学生们来说，做些家务是十分必要的。 (2) 在It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 中of sb. 意为“某人……”，句中形容词可与逻辑主语sb. 构成系表
结构，即形容词是用来说明或形容sb.（某人）的。例如：
It’s very kind of you to help us. 你能帮助我们真是太好了。
5. It took a long time to build the house.
本句中took是take的过去式，表示“花费”，take表示花费时，常用于 “It takes sb. some time to
do sth.”的句型中，意为“做某事需要花费某人多长时间”。it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to do sth.，对时间提问时用How long does … take? 例如：
It took me half an hour to finish the work. 完成这项工作花了我半小时。
How long does it take you from your home to school? 从学校到你家要花多长时间？ 【拓展】
表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析： 词语 spend take pay cost 人(sb.) it作形式主语 人(sb.) sth.(物) 主语 结构 sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语) sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth. sth. costs sb. + 金钱 例如： I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。 It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。 I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。
My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。 句式精练
I. 句型转换。
1. My mother seems to be a very kind woman. (改为同义句) ________ _______ _______ my mother is a very kind woman. 2. To get to school by bus is the best way. (改为同义句)
______________ is the best way ______________ ______________ to school by bus. 3. The workers spent 2 months building the bridge. （改为同义句）
________ ________ the workers 2 months ________ _______ the bridge. 4. You’d better get up early tomorrow. (改为否定句)
You’d better ________ ________ ________ early tomorrow. 5. Let’s help the children who are in trouble. (改为反义疑问句)
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Let’s help the children who are in trouble, ________ _______? II. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 当别人离开的时候，约翰留下来打扫房间。
When the others ________ _______, Joan _______to clean the room. 2. 这个商店一直营业到晚上十一点。
The shop _______open _______11 o'clock at night. 3. 当你处于危险中时，请尽量保持冷静。
When you are in danger, please _________ ________ keep ________ . 4. 在晚上他通常坐着玩儿电脑游戏。
In the evening, he usually ________ ________ playing computer games. 5. 你应该多加注意你的发音。
You should _______ more ________ _______ your pronunciation. 6. 我让孩子们保持安静，但是无人理睬。
I asked the children to keep quiet, but this ________ ________ _______ ears. 7. 他们花了三天时间制作这个飞机模型。
_______ took them three days ________ _______ the model plane. 8. 6路公交车，每天从我家门前经过。
The No. 6 bus ________ ________ my door every day. 9. 他似乎什么都知道。
It _______ _______ he ________ everything. 10. 这位老人盼着他女儿来看望他。
The old man is ________ his daughter’s ________.
III. 从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。(有一项是多余的)
A. What else can we do? B. I’m glad to hear that. C. Can you do me a favor? D. You look so sad, why? E. Let’s do something to help them. F. I’ll buy some with my lucky money. G. What about raising some money for them?
A:Hi, Tony. 1
B: A lot of people were badly hurt in the Wenchuan earthquake. A: Yes, I feel so sorry about that. 2 B: What shall we do? A: 3
B:Good idea! Money must be a problem. A: 4
B: We can also collect school things for the students there. A: Right! 5 B: You are so kind.
IV. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。
(2015 浙江温州中考)
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Jean Nicole is a yard sale lover. She appears almost in every yard sale. She doesn’t want to 1._______(错过) any chance to buy good things, because they are much 2._______(便宜的) than those in shops. She is interested in almost everything, such as gloves, old 3._______(硬币), paintings, tables and so on. Everybody 4.______(叫，称呼) her “Lady Yard-sale.”
Two weeks 5.________(以前), after Jean came back from a yard sale, she 6._______(进入) her store room. She was surprised to find that she had bought so many things. Jean counted them and made a 7.________(清单).“Oh, dear! I can’t believe it. There are seven bicycles, 8.________(九) armchairs, and fifteen cameras... And they haven’t been used even once.” She checked the numbers 9.________(再一次).It made her mad. “How silly I am!” She thought. “I can no longer go to yard sales 10._______(除非) I hold my own one to sell these things out. But will anyone buy them?” 参考答案
I. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. It seems that 2. It, to get 3. It took, to build 4. not get up 5. shall we
II. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. had gone, remained 2. remains, until 3. try to, calm 4. sits around 5. pay, attention to 6. fell on deaf 7. It, to make 8. passes by 9. seems that, knows 10. expecting, visit
III. 从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。(有一项是多余的) 1-5 DEGAF
IV. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。
1. miss / lose 2. cheaper 3. coins 4. calls 5. ago 6. entered 7. list 8. nine 9. again 10. unless
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新沪教版英语初三全册Unit 4 Natural disasters知识讲解
